跨文化交际(UNIT 10).ppt

1、ReviewofUnit9,1.Whatiscultureshock?2.Howtoadapttoanewculture?,InterculturalCommunicationUnit10AcquiringInterculturalCompetence,WarmUp,Pleasereadthestoryonpage334.Canyouguesshowthehusbandtranslatedforhismotherandhiswife?Susan:Mrs.Zhang,cometoNewYorkifyouwant.Husband:妈妈，您可一定要来纽约看看.Mother:不去了，给你们添麻烦。Hu

2、sband:Oh,itdependsonthephysicalcondition.Susan:Yes,ohthanksforyourdeliciousfood,Ilikethemverymuch.Husband:谢谢妈妈给我们做了那么多的好吃的.Mother:自家人谢什么。苏珊，你以后可不要再瘦身了，身体健康才最重要哪！Husband:Itsmypleasure.Susan,Ihopeyoubecomeevenmorebeautiful.Susan:Thankyou!Thesametoyou.Husband:谢谢妈妈，我祝你身体健康.Mother:啊，谢谢，谢谢！,ReadingI,Readt

3、hearticle“ACultureLearningStory”(p335-340).Whatcanyoulearnfromthestory?CulturalIdentityCulturalidentityreferstoonessenseofbelongingtoaparticularcultureorethnicgroup.Peopleconsciouslyidentifythemselveswithagroupthathasasharedsystemofsymbolsandmeaningsaswellasnormsforconduct.,ReadingI,Readthearticle“A

4、CultureLearningStory”(p335-340).Whatcanyoulearnfromthestory?Betweennessofidentity:(p339)Betweennessofidentityisastateofmindthatisdistinctfromthatofatypical,traditionalstandardineithernativelanguage/cultureorsecondlanguage/culture.Itisaresultofthewholerecreationprocessofapersonsownidentityaftertaking

5、differentcharacteristicsfromthesecondlanguageorcultureintothepersonsoriginalidentity.However,thisshouldnotbeconsideredasanincompleteorinferioridentity,eithertonativelanguage/culture,ortosecondlanguage/culture,butasanother,originallycreated,independentone.,ReadingII,Readthearticle“ImprovingIntercultu

6、ralCommunication”(p346-350).Howcanweimproveourcommunicationwithpeopleofothercultures?1)knowyourself(1)Weareproductsofourculture;anawarenessofourculturealongwithexamplesofcontrastingculturescontributesgreatlytoourunderstandingofourselvesasculturalbeing.(2)Identitythoseattitudes,prejudices,andopinions

7、thatweallcarryaroundandthatbiasthewaytheworldappearstous;detectthewaysinwhichtheseattitudesinfluencecommunication.(3)Learntorecognizeyourcommunicationstylethemannerinwhichyoupresentyourselftoothers;itinvolvesdiscoveringthekindofimageweportraytotherestoftheworld.,ReadingII,Readthearticle“ImprovingInt

8、erculturalCommunication”(p346-350).Howcanweimproveourcommunicationwithpeopleofothercultures?2)seektounderstanddifferentlanguages(1)Seekacommonlanguageandattempttounderstandculturaldifferencesinusingthelanguage.(2)Keepinmindthatthereismoretolanguagethanvocabulary,syntax,anddialects.(3)Languageismoret

9、hanavehicleofcommunication;itteachesoneacultureslifestyle,waysofthinking,anddifferentpatternsofinteraction.(4)Therearedifferentstylesof“talk”.,ReadingII,Readthearticle“ImprovingInterculturalCommunication”(p346-350).Howcanweimproveourcommunicationwithpeopleofothercultures?3)developempathy(1)Developem

10、pathy-beabletoseethingsfromthepointofviewofotherssothatwecanbetterknowandadjusttotheotherpeople.(2)Barriertoempathyaconstantself-focus;alackofmotivation;(3)Wemustrealizethatweliveinaninterconnectedworldandtrytounderstandeveryoneregardlessofhowmuchweseemseparatedfromthembyeitherdistanceorculture.(4)T

11、ocultivateempathytobecomesensitivetothevaluesandcustomsoftheculturewithwhichyouareinteracting.(5)Thisdoesnotmeanthatyouhavetoagreewiththem,butyoucanavoidconflict,arebetterabletounderstandthesituation,andarebetterequippedtoprovideamutuallyagreeablesolutiontotheproblem.4)tobeflexible,InterculturalComm

12、unicationCompetence,Interculturalcommunicationcompetencereferstotheabilitytoaccomplisheffectiveandappropriateinterculturalcommunicationbetweencommunicatorsofdifferentcultures.FinishtheMatchingTask(p353),MatchingTask(p353),Attributes1.Toleranceforambiguity2.Open-mindedness3.Flexibility4.Respectfulnes

13、s5.Adaptability6.Sensitivity7.Creativity,Abilitiesb.Abilitytomeetnewsituationswithmindfulnessf.Abilitytorespondtoothersinnon-evaluativewaysa.Abilitytoshiftframeofreferencee.Abilitytoshowpositiveregardfortheother(s)g.Abilitytobehaveappropriatelytoparticularsituationsd.Abilitytoconveyempathyverballyan

14、dnonverballyc.Abilitytoengageindifferentmodesofthinking,InterculturalCommunicationCompetence,Readthearticle“Description,Interpretation,andEvaluation”(p354-355).Howtocommunicateeffectivelywithpeople,especiallythosefromdifferentcultures?1)Threecognitiveprocessesinperception:Description:anactualreporto

15、fwhatwehaveobservedwiththeminimumofdistortionandwithoutattributingsocialsignificancetothebehavior.Interpretation:whatwethinkaboutwhatweseeandhear.Evaluation:positiveornegativejudgmentsconcerningthesocialsignificanceweattributetobehavior.,InterculturalCommunicationCompetence,2)Theimportantthingtokeep

16、inmindisthatmultipleinterpretationscanbemadeforanyparticulardescriptionofbehavior.3)Thereasonwhywefailtocommunicateeffectivelyoftenliesinthefactthatwetendtoskiptheessentialcognitiveprocessofdescriptionandjumpimmediatelytotheprocessofinterpretationorevaluationwithoutrealizingthatourinterpretationsore

17、valuationsarebasedonourownculturalbeliefsandtheymightbeverydifferentfromwhatismeantbythespeaker.,CaseStudy,Case37(Page356-357)Peterwasbroughtupinacultureinwhichthedemandsofpolitenessandfacerequireeitherthatonegoesagainstonesrealwishesandacceptsinvitationsthatonewouldreallyprefernottoaccept,orthatone

18、findselaborateexcuses(anillchildisaveryusefulone)toavoidcommitment.However,inMoroccanculture,thingsarequitedifferent.Peterseemstohavegraduallyadaptedverywelltothenewculturalenvironmentinwhichhefoundhimself.Thelessonwecanlearnfromthisisthatoneshouldnotjudgethebehaviorofthoseofanotherculturebyonesownc

19、ulturalstandardsandshouldlearntodoastheRomansdowheninRome.,CaseStudy,Case38(Page357)ThisisjustacaseoftheconflictbetweenthefirstgenerationandthesecondgenerationofChineseimmigrantsintheUnitedStates.Thesetwogenerationshavegrownupintotallydifferentsocialenvironmentsinwhichtheirvaluesaredifferentlyshaped

20、andtheirviewsoftheworlddifferentlyformed.Thedaughter,bornandbroughtupinAmerica,hasalreadybeentotallyAmericanizedeventhoughshehashereyesandskinofthesamecolorasherparents.LivinginAmericansociety,shefindsitnaturaltoidentifyherselfwiththemainstreamAmericanculture,inwhichparentsandchildren(especiallytheg

21、rownupchildren)aresupposedtotreateachotherasequals,whilehermother,thoughhavinglivedinAmericaformanyyears,isstillculturallymoreChinesethanAmerican.Therefore,themother,oftenwithgoodintentions,islikelytomisunderstandwhatherdaughtersaysanddoes.Todealwithconflictsofthiskind,sincereexchangeofopinionandwil

22、lingnesstolearnfromeachotherareamongthebestmeasures.,CaseStudy,Case39(Page358)AnniefeltunhappyaboutRosascousinbecauseshethoughtRosascousinhadstayedwiththemfortoolongandseemedtohavedependedonRosatoomuch,which,inAnnieseye,wasactuallyaninterferencetoRosasstudies.Rosadidnotchangeafterhercousincame.Shewa

23、sstillthesamegoodstudentasAnnieremembered.However,toher,familycomesfirst,soshewentoutofherwaytolookafterhercousin,eventhoughthatmeansshewouldbeleftwithlittletimeforherselfandherclasses.ThemisunderstandingbetweenAnnieandRosacomesfromthedifferenceinwhattheyvalue.Annieseemedtovalueprivacy,independence,personalneedsandinterestsmorethanRosa,towhomfamilyrelationshipsandobligationtofa