英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧PPT课件

1、猜测词义,Guessingmeaningsofwords,Ifyoucomeacrossnewwordswhenreading,Whatwillyoudo?,Ignore(忽略）themandcontinuereading,Lookthemupinthedictionary,Guessthemeaning,Howtoguessthemeaningsofwords,词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：1.Theword“”refersto/probablymeans/couldbestbereplacedby_.2.Theword“”ismostlikelytomean_.3.Whatdoyouthin

2、ktheexpression“”standsfor?4.Theunderlinedword“”means_.,1.Definition定义法,3.Similarity相似法,2.Contrast对比法,4.Causeandeffect因果法,5.Example例举法,8.CommonSense普通常识,6.WordFormation构词法,猜测词义,7.Context上下文,Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittlethatis,itwillbreakeasily.,1.Definition定义法：一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义。,(adj.易碎的,脆的

3、),Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.,(n.牧羊人),2.Contrast对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。表示对比的词有but、while、however、otherwise、unlike;instead,ontheotherhand.,Mostofusagreed,however,Billdissented.,Sheisusuallypromptforallherclasses,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.,A.ontimeB.l

4、ateC.slowlyD.quickly,A,(v.不同意),3.Similarity相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。,Cleaningupwaterwaysisanenormoustask.Thejobissolarge,infact,thatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletosavesomeoftheriversandlakeswhichhavebeenpolluted.,(adj.巨大的;极大的),4.CauseEffect因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。,Onewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothin

5、g.,Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitionsinoneday.,(adj.贫穷的,穷困的),(adj.大的),因果关系,Withthehelpofconjunctionslike:because,as，since，for，so，thus，asaresult，therefore，sothat，etc.,5.Example例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有forinstance,forexample,suchas等。,Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsofthe

6、irmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.,(n.电器用具),6.WordFormation构词法：英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了。,Withtheirshiningbrowneyes,waggingtails,andunconditionallove,dogs

7、canprovidethenonjudgmentallistenersneededforabeginningreadertogainconfidence.(2003NMET),unconditional:,无条件的,绝对的adj.,condition,conditional,情况，条件n.,有条件的adj.,unconditional:,nonjudgmental:,没有判断力的,judge,judgment,judgmental,判断v.,判断n.,adj.,nonjudgmental:,中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：super-(超)mini-(极小的,微小的)micro-（极微小的）re

8、-（再，反复）mis-（误，恶）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能的）-less（不，无）-wards(向),supermanmicrowave(超人)nonnaturalmispronouce(非自然的)homelessnonsmoker(无家可归的)rebuildeastwards(重建),Canyouguesstherightmeanings?,(微波),(非烟民),(发错音),(向东),Eg.Imgoingtobuyamicrobus.,micro+bus微型公共汽车,1)Hesoundedquitenervousandhehadbeental

9、kingforaminuteorsobeforeIunderstandanything.EventhenallIcouldmakeoutwasthatsomeonecalledMillyhadhadaverybadaccident.A.seeclearlyB.understandC.expect,B,7.Context上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。,A,(n.猫头鹰),A,(n.猿),8.Commonsense普通常识：根据普通常识和生活经验来猜测词义。,在阅读的过程中，如遇到生词，有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来。比如了解一些英美国家的天文地理、

10、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、政治结构、社会制度等，可以帮助加深对文章的理解，遇到生词时，猜测词义的能力自然就会增强。,Whenadoctorperformsanoperationonapatient，heusuallygivesananesthetictomakehimunconscious，becausehedoesnotwanthispatienttofeelpainortoknowwhatishappeningtohim.,n.麻醉剂(药),Inquiry-basedActivities(I)探究活动(1),Canyouguessthecorrectmeaningsofthefollowingw

11、ords?-1.Therearesomeglaciersmovingdownthemountainvalleys.Aglacierisariverofice.A.雪山B.树枝C.冰河D.冰2.Heisaresoluteman.Oncehemadeuphismindtodosomething,hewontgiveituphalfway.A.weakB.firmC.kindD.clever3.Mr.BrownisnowworkingatPrincetonUniversityfarawayfromhome.Forthisreasonhehastorentaroomneartheofficewhere

12、heworks.A.租用B.借出C.购买D.参观,C,A,B,4.Theofficialaskedthemanwhathisoccupationwas.Themantoldhimthatheworkedasanengineer.A.workB.studyC.nameD.interest5.Theoldwomanhasastrangehabittokeepover100catsinherhouse.Herneighborallcallheraneccentriclady.A.爱猫的B.古怪的C.闲不住D.动物保护主义者6.Inmanycountriestherearetwofinancialex

13、tremes,frompenurytogreatwealth.A.便士B.温饱C.非常贫困D.虚弱,A,B,C,7.Mrs.Smithisloquaciouswhileherhusbandisthesilenttype.A.活泼的B.好动的C.爱说话的D.可爱的8.Thosenewcomerswerenotusedtothelifeinthesuburbswhichwassodifferentfromthatinsidethecity.A.townB.capitalC.countrysideD.house9.Thisboyisnotstupid,onthecontrary,noonecould

14、bemoreintelligent.A.勤奋的B.愚蠢的C.聪明的D.情报,C,C,C,10.Childrenarealwaysboasting.Theysaythingslike“MyDadscarisbiggerthanyourDads,”“MyMomissmarterthanyours.”and“Myfamilyhasmoremoneythanyours.”Theword“boasting”means_.A.骄傲B.吹牛C.顽皮D.幼稚,B,Inquiry-basedActivities(II)探究活动(2),Passage1.Wecannotfeelspeed.Butoursensel

15、etusknowthatwearemoving.Weseethingsmovingpastandfeelthatwearebeingshaken.Wecanfeelacceleration,anincreaseinspeed.Butwenoticeitforonlyashorttime.Forexamplewefeelitduringthetakeoffrunofanairplane.1.Accelerationisthenamefor_.A.anykindofmovementB.themovementofaplaneC.asteadyspeedD.anincreaseinspeed,Pass

16、age2.Alltheathletestrytobeattheclosingceremony.Theyhaveforgottenalltheirfearsandworries.Itdoesnotmatterwhethertheyhavedonewellornot.Alltheteamswalkroundthestadiumtogether.Everybodyinthevillageclearsupandgetsreadytoleave.Everyoneishuntingforlocalproducts.Peopleexchangetracksuits,hats,runningvestandso

17、on.Thereisalastchancetotakephotographsandgetaddressesofnewfriends.Theneachteamstartsitsjourneyhome.5.Theunderlinephrase“clearsup”intheparagraphmeans_.A.packsupB.goesawayC.makesclearD.doesthecleaning,Passage3Therulerhadbeensocruelanddishonestthataftertherevolutionhewasbanished.AfewmembersoftheSenate(

18、参议院)opposedthisdecision,butthemajorityvotedthattherulershouldleavethecountryforever.Theunderlinedword“banished”mean_.A.killedbystoningB.sentawayC.imprisonedD.punishedbywhipping,B,Passage4Myfirstjobwastodrivetheoxenthatploughedthecanefields.Iwouldwalkbehindanox,guidinghimwithastick.For$1aday,Iworkedeighthoursstraight,withnofoodbreaks.Itwasverytediouswork,butitpreparedmeforlifeandtaughtmemanylastinglessons.Becausetheplantationownerswerealwayswatchingus,IhadtobeontimeeverydayandworkashardasIcould.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tedious”pro