华为HCDA教材辅导-DC011022 STP原理与配置 ISSUE1.00

1、Page1,修订记录,本页不打印,STP原理与配置,Page3,前言,本课程介绍STP（生成树协议）的基本原理与简单配置。,Page4,培训目标,学完本课程后，您应该能：描述生成树产生的原因掌握生成树协议的基本原理掌握生成树协议的简单配置,Page5,目录,环路引起的问题生成树基本计算过程STP的配置STP存在的问题,Page6,交换机转发流程回顾,E0/2,E0/3,E0/5,E0/6,00-0D-56-BF-88-10,00-0D-56-BF-88-20,PCA,SWA,SWB,PCB,Page7,环路引起的问题之一广播风暴,PCA,SWA,SWB,广播,E0/1,E0/2,E0/1,E0

2、/2,E0/3,Page8,交换机学习MAC地址表回顾,E0/2,E0/3,E0/5,E0/6,00-0D-56-BF-88-10,00-0D-56-BF-88-20,PCA,SWA,SWB,PCB,Page9,环路引起的问题之二MAC地址表不稳定,E0/3,E0/4,E0/5,E0/6,PCA,SWA,SWB,00-0D-56-BF-88-10,E0/2,00-0D-56-BF-88-10,E0/2,00-0D-56-BF-88-10,E0/4,错误目的端口,Page10,目录,环路引起的问题生成树基本计算过程STP的配置STP存在的问题,Page11,消除环路,LANE,SWA,LANA,

3、LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,阻塞某一端口,LANB,Page12,阻塞某端口后,LANE,SWA,LANA,LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,LANB,Page13,链路备份,LANE,SWA,LANA,LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,LANB,恢复此端口,Page14,配置BPDU,BPDU,BPDU,BPDU,Page15,LANE,生成树基本计算过程选举根交换机

4、,SWA,LANA,LANB,LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,32768.00e0-fc16-ee43,32768.00e0-fc41-4259,32768.00e0-fc41-43b9,RootBridge,Page16,生成树基本计算过程选举非根交换机的根端口,LANE,SWA,LANA,LANB,LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,32768.00e0-fc16-ee43,32768.00e0-fc41-4259,32768.00e0-fc41-43b9,RootBridge,RootPort,RootPort,Page17,生成树基本计算过程选举网段的指定端口,LANE,SWA,L

5、ANA,LANB,LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,32768.00e0-fc16-ee43,32768.00e0-fc41-4259,32768.00e0-fc41-43b9,LANA的指定端口,LANB的指定端口,Root,LAND的指定端口,LANE的指定端口,LANC的指定端口,AlternatePort,Page18,交换机端口角色,Page19,端口状态描述,Page20,Forwarding,端口状态变换,Disabled,Learning,端口开启,端口禁用,端口禁用,端口禁用,端口禁用,Listening,Blocking,Page21,目录,环路引起的问题生成树基本计算过

6、程STP的配置STP存在的问题,Page22,STP基本配置物理拓扑,LANE,SWA,LANA,LANB,LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,Root,LANC的指定端口,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,Page23,STP基本配置配置命令,LANE,SWA,LANA,LANB,LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,Root,LANC的指定端口,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,QuidwaysysnameSWASWAstpenableSWAstpmodestpSWAstppriority4096,Quidwaysy

7、snameSWBSWBstpenableSWBstpmodestpSWBstppriority8192,QuidwaysysnameSWCSWCstpenableSWCstpmodestp,E0/24,Page24,STP基本配置验证STP全局状态,SWCdisplaystpProtocolmode:IEEEcompatibleSTPbridgeID(Pri.MAC):32768.00e0-fc41-43b9Thebridgetimes:HelloTime2sec,MaxAge20sec,ForwardDelay15secRootbridgeID(Pri.MAC):4096.00e0-fc41

8、-4259Rootpathcost:200Bridgebpdu-protection:disabledTimeoutfactor:3,Page25,STP基本配置验证STP端口信息,SWCdisplaystpinterfaceEthernet0/20Port20(Ethernet0/20)ofbridgeisForwardingPortspanningtreeprotocol:enabledPortrole:RootPortPortpathcost:200Portpriority:128DesignatedbridgeID(Pri.MAC):4096.00e0-fc41-4259ThePort

9、isanon-edgedportConnectedtoapoint-to-pointLANsegmentMaximumtransmissionlimitis3Packets/hellotimeTimes:HelloTime2sec,MaxAge20secForwardDelay15sec,MessageAge0BPDUsent:4TCN:2,RST:2,ConfigBPDU:0BPDUreceived:806TCN:0,RST:11,ConfigBPDU:795,Page26,目录,环路引起的问题生成树基本计算过程STP的配置STP存在的问题,Page27,新预备端口暂未停止转发,临时环路问题,SWA,LANA,LANB,LANC,SWB,SWC,LAND,Root,E0/1,预备端口,根端口,E0/1,E0/2,SWD,新Root,指定端口,E0/2,新指定端口,新根端口,Page28,RSTP,STP端口从阻塞状态到转发状态至少需要两倍的ForwardDelay间隔RSTP（RapidSpanningTreeProtocol）快速收敛,Page29,部分VLAN不能互通,LANE,SWA,SWB,SWC,LAND,Root,此端口阻塞,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,E0/10,E0/20,E0/24,VLAN10,VLAN20,VLAN20,