高考英语最后一讲

1、 高考英语最后一讲同学们：高考的钟声即将敲响，号角即将响起！经过高三阶段系统、全面的复习，你们在英语方面取得了很大的进步。其实，复习到现在，你们已经准备得相当充分了，只要你充满信心走进考场，胜利就在向你招手。 在考试前认真反思一下各个题型的答题技巧比做几道练习更重要。但愿这套英语考前指导材料能对你们有所帮助。长风破浪，直济沧海；蟾宫折桂，舍我其谁？就让我们跺掉脚上的灰尘，拍着自己坚实的胸膛，向高考宣战！预祝大家在高考中超越自我，创造六月辉煌！ 听力篇一、听力测试的应试步骤1 放松 放松情绪和集中精力并不矛盾，过于紧张的情绪有碍考生的正常发挥；反之，放松一下情绪，比如考前的深呼吸或闭目片刻都可使

2、考生心情平静下来，一旦开始播音，考生便很容易进入答题状态。2 预览 考生应充分利用播音前及中间间歇时间预览听力题的题干和选项，并对听力材料的话题内容进行预测，这是考生在听力测试中应掌握的一个重要步骤。3 预测（1）听前预测根据题干信息进行预测语言交际离不开语境。比如：在学校，常出现教师和学生的谈话，谈论内容通常为学习、考试、作业等问题；在医院，常出现医生和病人的谈话，谈论内容多为病情、治疗、健康等问题。如果我们从题干中获取了某些方面的信息，就可以预测对话的语境、人物身份及对话的大体内容。这种方法尤其适用于回答询问对话发生的地点、谈话人之间的关系及各自职业的试题。抓住关键词进行预测对于一些询问说

3、话人行为状态、事件原因以及推断性的题目来说，所给选项的句子一般较长，成分也较复杂，预测语言信息较难。对这类题目可采用比较选项，分清相同点与不同点，特别要注意各选项中重复出现的关键词汇，从关键词入手，对要听的内容进行预测。（2）听中预测 根据关联词进行预测 使用不同的关联词可导致表达的内容迥然不同。例如 2004年高考（北京卷）试题第一节第2小题：W：Can you tell us what you like doing in the evening？M：Well, I like music. I listen to a lot of pop music, but most of all I l

4、ike watching TV. Its much better than reading a book.Question：What is the mans favorite free time activity？A Watching TVB Reading a bookC Listening to music不少学生刚听了前半句，就选择了C这一答案。然而，若多注意预测能力的培养，留意关联词，就不会只听半句话就匆匆选择，而应在听到but一词后，立即联想到这是在否定前面的观点，并由“most of all”引出了问题的答案应是A。根据信号词进行预测 (2009南通三模)5. Where does

5、 the conversation take place?A. In a tourist office. B. In a doctors office. C. In an employment office.Text: M: Here is my CV. There are three copies.W: Have you brought your certificate as well.M: No, I havent. I am awfully sorry. Can I send them to you.W: Yes, thatll be all right. Now lets talk a

6、bout the post.4 答题原则（1）弃前保后，弃小保大考生在听力测试中，遇到前面有听不懂的地方不必惊慌，可暂时放下此题，听好后面的内容，集中精力捕捉后面的信息。（2）随听随记，把握信息 听力材料中的一些数字、地名或人名等细节信息仅凭大脑短时记忆是不够的，需借助笔记。记笔记应提纲挈领，只记主题句和关键词，对有把握的一些信息，不必浪费精力和时间去记，而应利用剩余的时间掠读试卷上的题干和选项。记笔记时应尽量使用缩写词和符号，这样可以大大提高记笔记的速度，例如：for example（eg），watched TV（tv），in the afternoon（aftn）等。二、高考听力题型分析与

7、应试1 确定地点答题策略：掌握并联想与某些地点有关的关键词语。a At a school： classroom, grade, textbook, mark, pass the exam, failure, break, exam-paper, absent from school, attend school, excellent.b At a bank：check, cash, currency, deposit, passbook, interest rate, change money, cash a check, credit card.c At a restaurant：dinne

8、r, snack，order, vegetables, drink, menu, Chinese food，Westernstyle food, dessert, taste, delicious, bill, check. 2 估算数字 答题策略：考生不仅要熟悉数字的读法，更要注意时间、价格、距离、日期及有关量词等的表示方法。对于需要计算或推理的题目，考生还要注意准确理解录音中的倍数、百分比等数量概念，以及表示比较意义的句型结构。比如： double, twice, three times, as big as, ten minutes late, half the price, five

9、percent等。 3 推理判断 答题策略：这类试题相对较难，要求考生不仅要听懂对话内容，而且要从两人的谈话内容中判断谈话结果、行为趋向或逻辑关系等。对话中常常是Speaker l提出问题或请求，Speaker 2表示观点或建议，接下来Speaker l可能同意、接受，也可能反对、拒绝，最后的态度也可能不很明朗，需要考生依据谈话内容和谈话人的语气做出判断。答这类试题时，考生应注意以下几种句式和结构： （1）比较结构（2）虚拟句式 （3）表示赞成的句式 （4）表示否定的句式 （5）表示让步的句式 4 分析原因答题策略：听力考试中，若想答好原因题，需注意一些表示因果关系的连词、介词和句型。 表示因

10、果关系的连词有：because, since, as, for, now that, so that, therefore, hence, etc 表示因果关系的介词有：for, by, through, because of，as a result of, thanks to, due to, etc 表示因果关系的句型有：以表示情感的形容词 + that从句为例：Mary is so gladpleasedsurprised that she got the first prize in the contest听力常见词汇及句型 一级重要词汇：reserve/reservation, re

11、ception/receptionist/reception, desk, register/registration/book 名词：rent, style, reservation, conference, grades, return flights, accommodation, details, destination, flat/apartment, section, a kings room, shower, deadline, 动词：reserve, spare, register, sign, appreciate, 形容词：available, amazing, scari

12、ng, boring, incredible, grand, extra, awful, digital, punctual, 副词：definitely, down, though, slightly, 词组：check out, start off, look into, now that, in a long run, on behalf of, bound for, apart from, tour/scenic spots, take/leave a message, drop in on/at, put sb. at ease, drop sb. off, in stock, 句型

13、：1.Then all set 2.Take your time. 3. Anything but cheap. 4.No wonder5. Its a deal. 6. Youre kidding. 7. Can we make it? 8.Thats the way it is. 9. It depends. 10. Its not intended for scientists, either.单选篇1谨防紧邻信息的误导，避免定势思维。在学习过程中，老师往往就一些常见的、重要的词、词组及句型加以反复强调，以加深学生的印象，学生因此而可能形成思维的定势。【例1】My parents hav

14、e always made me _ about myself, even when I was twelve.A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good ( 2007 江苏 35 )由于我们对I am feeling well today. 形成了思维定势，容易错选C. 这里不表示身体好，而是表示自我感觉好。选D.【例2】- I cant find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning? - It was in the hotel _ he stayed. A. w

15、hereB. whichC. the oneD. that此题最大的干扰项是D，考生很可能把它看作强调结构。但根据句意，它要表达的是“在他呆的宾馆里找到他的”。所以，实际上是在stayed后省略了that I found him，即全句可完整地表达为It was in the hotel where he stayed that I found him。因此，答案为A。【例3】Though life should be colorful, I prefer devoting all my energies to my studies_ more professional knowledge.

16、A. to get B. to getting C. rather than getD. rather than to get考生容易错选B。但仔细分析句意，应选A，表示目的。2. 注意分析句子结构，确定选择方向一个句子所使用的标点符号、有无连词，往往起着决定性的作用；而插入语、省略语等，在一定程度上干扰考生的思维。【例1】My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it. A. having triedB. trying C. to tryD. tried （2008 上海

17、30） 分析句子结构，an experienced rider是插入语，同时，主语my sister与try之间为主动关系，首先排除D项；而后考虑sit on the bicycle与try to balance it 同时发生，可知B项为正确答案。【例2】Who do you think youd rather _ the tape recorder?A. have to repairB. have fixedC. get repairedD. get to repair在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面这个句子：I think I would rather have the man fix

18、the tape recorder.I think I would rather get the man to fix the tape recorder.在这两句中，假若对名词the man 提问，便可得出：Who do you think you would rather have repair the tape recorder ? / Who do you think you would rather get to repair the tape recorder ?【例3】The children went home from the grammar school, their le

19、ssons _for the day.A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished解析: 由于中间有逗号， 意味着后面的部分是状语。由于该部分前面没有连词，故不能用谓语形式。 因此要用finished构成独立主格结构。3.查看主宾表定-缺啥补啥句健全当考察名词性从句或定语从句时，依次优先观察从句中是否缺主语，宾语，若缺某一成分，就得选择能够充当该成分的选项。若主语、宾语、表语或定语都不缺，就再观察句子是否缺哪类状语，选择能够充当该状语的选项，以补全句子结构。Choosing the right dictionary depe

20、nds on you want to use it for.A. what B. why C how D whether解析: what 引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语,what在从句中又充当介词for的宾语. We shouldnt spend our money testing so many people, most of are healthy.A that B which C what D whom解析: 本题考察非限制性定性定语从句,介词of后面缺宾语,能够作宾语且能够引导定语从句的关系代词which 和whom， 由于非限制性定性定语从句用来说明前面指人的名词people， 故

21、用whom充当介词of的宾语。热门知识点：时态语态：要做好动词时态语态题，除了必须掌握各种时态的结构、含义和用法外，还要注意体会动词在具体的语言环境中的使用。语态通常结合时态一起考查，解题时一定要结合语境，弄清时间先后关系，可根据不同情况采取“找标法(寻找时间标志词)”、“呼应法(主从句时态呼应)”、“搭配法(固定搭配)”、“语境法(事情发生的环境)”等解题技巧。时态和语态是很重要的考点：have been painting all day/be always doing/I did lock it/will still be sleeping/will have left The paper

22、s are still being corrected/It is being served in the dining room. 【真题】 The moment I got home, I found I _ my jacket on the playground. (陕西卷) A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving 【解析】A。I found后接宾语从句，结合“呼应法”和“语境法”，由于主句动词使用了一般过去时，且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，应使用过去完成时。 【真题】Did you watch the basketball

23、match yesterday? Yes, I did. You know, my brother _ in the match. (安徽卷) A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played 【解析】B。运用“语境法”，结合上下文语境可知，“我”看了昨天的比赛是因为“我弟弟当时正在参加比赛”，指过去正在发生的动作或状态应使用过去进行时。 【模拟题】 Have you seen my email about our TESL project? Yes. Luckily, I checked my emails yesterday.

24、 Normally, I _ my email-box for days.(徐州二检)A. havent opened B. didnt open C. hadnt opened D. dont open【解析】D。normally表明这是一个习惯性的动作，故用一般现在时。特殊结构(倒装、省略、强调) 倒装 倒装可分为全部倒装和部分倒装。句子是全部倒装还是部分倒装往往取决于位于句首的词语。因此，熟记具有倒装要求的标志词是解题的关键。 【真题】So much of interest _ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing

25、 it all. A. offers Beijing B. Beijing offers C. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer 【解析】C。“So(Such).that.”结构中的so或such位于句首时，构成部分倒装句。句中的谓语是offer，时态是一般现在时，因此应添加助动词does，并将其置于主语Beijing之前以构成部分倒装句。 The policeman told me that I had passed the driving test and never in my life _ so happy and excited.A.

26、I felt B. did I feel C. I had felt D. had I felt 强调 强调结构的基本形式是“It is/was+ 被强调部分 +that/who.”。同时，强调结构还有许多变形形式，需要引起注意。 * 一般疑问句句型为“Is/Was it +被强调部分+ that/who.?” * 特殊疑问句句型为“特殊疑问词+ is/was it that.?” *“Not.until.”句式的强调句型为“It is/was not until.that.” 【真题】 It was in New Zealand _ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith

27、. (全国卷II) A. that B. how C. which D. when 【真题】 It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site. (重庆卷) A. that B. when C. while D. as 情态动词第一步：判断是对现在的推测还是对过去的推测。这一步其实很简单，看题干中情态动词后有没有have即可。如有，则为对过去的推测；如无，则为对现在的推测。 第二步：判断题干是肯定句、否定句还是疑问句。这一步更简单，通过对句尾标点符号的判断以及句中是否含有not很容易就可以判定。 第三步：根据语境，判断推测语气是否强烈

28、，并对照表格找出相应的情态动词。 通过以上三步，这一类型的题目就不再是难题了。下面不妨来看两个例题： 1. She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. I guess so. Its not difficult after all. (2007 江苏卷) A. should B. could C. must D. might 解析：第一步，因为情态动词后有have，所以是对过去的推测。第二步，句尾是句号，且句中无表示否定的词，所以判定句子是肯定句。第三步，从“She looks very happy”和“Its not difficult

29、 after all”这两句中均可以判断出推测语气比较强烈。对照表格，很快就可以定位到must上。所以，本题选C。 请别忽视某些情态动词的特殊含义shall的用法: No student shall go out of school without the teachers permission. Tell him that he shall have the wonderful book tomorrow afternoon. It is the rule that every driver shall obey in this city. Shall I/he book a table?

30、must : If you must know her name, her name is Mabel. would: When I was young, I would sit under the old tree listening to grandpa tell me stories. should: Its strange that Tom, the most excellent student in our grade should fail in the exam. may: May you succeed!/May you be happy! 非谓语动词题 1) _ into u

31、se in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. (2005上海卷) A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put 解析：首先，判断这道题应填入非谓语动词。其次，判断这个非谓语动词不是作主干成分的，而是在句中起修饰作用。接下来，判断put和hotline之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，非谓语动词要表被动，所以选A。 2) _ more about university courses, call (920)

32、 746-3789. (2005浙江卷) A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out 解析：逗号前后没有连词，且逗号后是一个祈使句，所以空格处应填入非谓语动词短语，且其在句中应起修饰作用。接下来，判断 “了解更多大学课程”是“打电话”的目的所在，所以应填入不定式表目的，选A。 3._ along with host families, I believe, language travel students are likely to get enough language practice. （2010南通二模）

33、A. Stay B. Having stayed C. Staying D. To stay 注意分清谓语与非谓语，比如：She went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin. She said, and turning away from him, walked rapidly away. Go straight ahead, and you will see a hotel in front of you.状语从句的一些引导词需要着重注意1.before: before I could say a word./

34、It may be some time before the situation improves How long itll be before I can go back to work? 2.when: It was six oclock when they arrived at the hotel. (when可作if或since或considering意思)3.since: Its three years since I smoked. 4.as: Great as the difficulty was,./Much as I admire,5.where: They notice

35、that plants dont grow well where there is much shade. My doctor advised me to live where the air is fresher.6.主将从现：I can when my headache disappear thoroughly. If you go, so will I. 需要记住一些交际用语Just in case!/Take your time!/Take it easy!/You cant be serious/Up to you!/What if?/Can you make it?/What fo

36、r?/What kept you?/Of what?/Exactly!/With pleasure!/That isnt due yet./The early train is due to leave at 5:30 a.m./Ill give you a lift./Why not?/You are wanted on the phone. 1. Ring me at six tomorrow morning, will you? Why that early? I _.A. will be sleeping B. will sleep C. have slept D. have been

37、 sleeping2. _ colorful charts and graphs, he loaded a new software to help him. A. Create B. Created C. Creating D. To create3. -How do you usually find out about new software?-In the magazines like Popular Electronics. Thats _ the computer companies usually advertise. A. whichB. whereC. whatD. why3

38、. How come your father can read books in German? Well, he _ on a project with some German engineers for 3 years when he was young. A. worked B. was working C. had worked D. would work 4. A big earthquake struck southern Haiti，knocking down buildings and power lines and causing Its ambassador to the

39、United States called a catastropheAwhatBwhichCwhatDwhy.5. Did you hear that Li Hua was robbed during his recent trip to South Africa? Yes, not only _ his money, but he was nearly killed.A. he lost B. did he lose C. he had lost D. was he lost6. Who _ the fight against the H1N1 flu _ it not been for t

40、he Chinese scientists great efforts?A. could have won; had B. would win; hadC. would have won; hasD. could win; has7. As we all know, it was _ that resulted in the terrible car accident.A. because of her carelessnessB. for her to be carelessC. because she was carelessD. her being careless (答案见末页)完形填

41、空篇江苏的完形填空要求高，难度大，特别是议论说明类文体。但只要我们洞悉了出题人的心理，并掌握了相应的技巧，就没有什么可畏惧的。（一）阅读全文，掌握大意速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格，生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去，不要急于看选项。一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍，直到明了大意（who, when, where, what），掌握梗概，总体把握文章内容，结构，时态，语态变化，情节的展开，结果的形成，然后答题。（二）、细读全文，试选答案1. 重视首句，把握开篇完形填空一般无标题，首句不留空白，是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途

42、，对理解全文起重要的作用。例题：I know I should have told the headmaster at the time. That was my real_1_. 1. A. plan B. fault C. grade D. luck解析：B。从本句should have done 结构表达方式可以看出作者要为往事感到懊悔了。例:(2009全国卷) One of my fathers favourite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldnt say I didnt like _21_. 撇开选项不谈,单从这一

43、首句,考生可以捕捉到如下信息:(1)本文与我的成长有关;(2)我的成长与父亲的鼓励“Try it!”有关;(3)本文是一篇励志性的文章。可以推测:有可能这篇文章是与我的成长有关的励志文章,父亲的鼓励“Try it!”可能是这篇文章的主旨。仅仅一句话就提供了这么多的信息,使考生向下阅读有良好的心理准备。 2要注意尾句的提示和总结作用 例如:(2008全国卷) “Did I do something wrong? Dont you love me anymore, Mom?” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I laughing

44、ly asked him what was wrong. “My note, Mom,” he answered, “Wheres my note?” 文章叙述母亲(即本文的作者)年复一年地为孩子们上学备午餐,随同午餐盒这位母亲总坚持给孩子写上简单的一张小纸条。母亲从孩子开始上小学到高中毕业都一直坚持这样做。文中把“My note, Mom,” he answered, “Wheres my note?”安排在最后一句,特意刻画了大儿子Marc从上高中不愿意看那些小纸条到大学毕业后又跟母亲要小纸条的事情。全文首尾连贯,文字朴实,尽管没有一个love的字眼,却让人内心震撼:天底下比海还深的亲情和

45、母爱!3. 掌握技巧，灵活答题（1）前后呼应法解完形填空题要始终抓住文段本身，确立“双语境”基准判断做题，即大语境全文中心和基调；小语境空格前后的语意环境；再遵循前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路去做题。例题1：I lift the lid and to my surprise saw nothing I looked at Davids smiling face add back into the box and said. “The box is nice, David, but it s 52.” Ks 52. A. cheap B. empty C. useless D. improper （2

46、009山东卷）解析：由句中的saw nothing可以推知应选B项。例题2：After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having worked with an experienced 36 for a few days, I was 37 to wait tables on my own.36. A. manager B. assistant C. cook D. waitress 37A. promised B. invited C. allowed D. advised （2008全国I）解析：36.

47、 D。由前句的restaurant和work with知这里因为服务员。37. C。由前分句“已经工作了一些天了”，以及on my own知这里是被允许去做。（2）词汇辨析法从近年来高考真题的分析情况来看，相似词汇彼此之间的细致辨析题型在考试中比重逐年增加，同时这也是高中考生的弱点所在。例题：Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed. When they got to the South Pole，they found the Norwegians（挪威人）had 36 them in the race to be the firs

48、t ever to reach it.（2005辽宁卷）36. A. hit B. fought C. won D. beaten解析：由第一句的 disappointed 可知，挪威人已经“胜过了” Scott 和他的同伴，故选项 A 和 B可以首先被排除；而其余两个选项都有“战胜”之意，这就要求我们知道它们之间的细微差别：win 的宾语通常是比赛、奖品或荣誉等，而 beat 的宾语则是竞赛或竞争对手；所以正确答案是 D。（3）语法结构法此考点对于高中生比较熟悉，也是我们的优势所在。需要同学们注意的就是现在的这种考点核心在多种语法点的结合考察，也同时注意到语境的具体要求。例题：I could

49、nt have been more 29 . I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity（机会）to _30_ through the company into different 31 .29. A. careful B. mistakenC. interested D. prepared ks5u ks5u （2009全国卷）解析：选B。这里的I couldnt have been more是最高级的一种表达形式，即“否定词+比较级结构可以表达最高级的含义”。（

50、4）抓住关联词根据文章中表示并列关系的连词或副词如and， also和besides等，它们的题点是and前后的成分结构相似，意义相关，再做出准确判断。文段一出现“but”，即可确定前后语意有转折。只要知其一方的语意，就能反推出另一方意思，这有利于解题。在高考完形填空题中，多半会在but一词后设题。所以，一看到but就做上标记，遇到类似于but的词，如however, nevertheless, whereas, yet等词时作同样处理。这样便于回到原文去寻找解题的依据。 例题1：An old lady came on the bus. She was not too old but look

51、ing _ and I think she was not well either.A. tired B. excited C. surprised D. interested解析：A。本句中的but表示的是转折的含义。由此可知，虽然她不是太老，但她看起来十分“疲惫”，再由and后的not well知此空所填的词应和“身体不好”相吻合。（5）固定搭配法这部分主要考查考生平时的基础知识储备，尤其是对动词短语形容词短语固定句型等的考查。例题1：The former 37every possible effort to avoid being discovered.It was not long50

52、 a customer who had seen him arrive hurried in to inform him. （2005重庆卷）37. A. do B. take C. make D. try50. A. when B. after C. until D. before解析： makeeffort（尽力）是固定词组，It was not long before.（不多久就）是固定句式，所以这两题的正确答案分别是 C 和 D。例题2：There was no 40 _asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to spare

53、.40. A. point B. reasonC. resultD. right Ks5u（2009北京卷） 解析：选A。here is no point doing sth.固定句型，意为“做是没有意义的”。Dear son, 例题3：I want to thank you for teaching me a very valuable lesson in my life by the great example you _. A. followed B. gave C. set D. took （2009安徽）解析：选C。为某人树立榜样 set a good example to some

54、body（6）发挥逻辑思维能力，挖掘文章寓意、隐意近几年NMET完形填空以叙事为主，有时加入一定的议论和说明，内容贴近生活，表层意思易于理解，所以很容易给学生造成一种假象，产生“轻敌”心理，有些同学做完一篇完形填空以后，自我感觉不错，但一对答案错很多，原因是这些同学仅仅理解了文章的表层含义，而忽略了其深层含义。事实上，NMET完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具备深层探询的可能性。这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义，还要挖掘出文章的深层含义，做到“表里一致”。如：_52_ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show (pleasure) _53_, but what I was feeling was pure happiness