英文十大动词全

1、英文十大动词1.breakbreak vt., vi. broke, broken, breaking打破；碰破；折断；打碎 The stone broke the window.石头打坏了窗子。 The cup broke on the floor.杯子摔碎在地板上了。 Youll break your neck if you arent more careful! (喻)你如果不加倍小心,你会摔死的!分裂；裂开 The newly-published chronicle breaks down into eight major parts.这部新出版的编年史分成八大部分。毁坏；弄坏；损坏

2、He broke his wristwatch.他把他的手表弄坏了。（突然用力）变成；成为 The prisoner broke loose.犯人脱逃了。擦破 to break the skin擦破皮肤、违背；违犯；不遵守 to break the law犯法He always breaks faith with his clients.他对顾客总是不守信用。It took all the members of the section the whole day to break the back of the job. 全组人员干了一整天才把工作的最主要部分完成了。 If smeone br

3、eaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. 如果有人违反了制度,就把问题提交给全体成员解决。闯 He broke into the shop他闯入商店。驯服；制服 to break a horse驯服一匹马超过；超越 to break a record in sports打破运动记录泄露；发布；透露 to break the news 发布消息中断 Lets break for a meal.让我们休息一下去吃饭吧。结束；停止to break the silence打破沉寂突然发生，突然出现 as day breaks拂晓时Day

4、 breaks.; Day dawns.天亮了。衰退；减弱His health broke.他的健康衰退。突变 His voice broke when he was 15.他15岁时嗓音突然变了。破译（密码） She broke their code.她破译了他们的密码。【习惯用语】 break the back of完成主要的或最艰难的部分 It took all the members of the section the whole day to break the back of the job. 全组人员干了一整天才把工作的最主要部分完成了。 break camp拔营 break

5、cover跳出躲藏处 break the ice打破冷场 break new ground有新发现 The scheme says nothing new; it doesnt break new ground.这个方案没有新意,它没有提出新的见解。 break step步伐紊乱 break wind放屁【词性变化】break n.破；破裂；破隙 a break in the clouds云朵间的一线青天暂停；休息 a coffee break饮咖啡的小憩 Lets have a break.让我们休息一会儿。 After a short break the play continued.休息

6、片刻后,戏继续开演。Weve been doing experiments 24 hours without a break.我们的实验已连续不断地进行了二十四小时。突变 a break from the past 一反过去的做法 A break anywhere in the circuit may cause the lights in the neighbourhood to go out.电路上任一处断路,都会使这一带的电灯熄灭。 The cold weather broke at the beginning of April. 寒冷的天气到四月初开始变暖了。破晓 at day-bre

7、ak破晓时台球连续击球得分;网球接发球得分机会；运气 Give him a break. 给他一次机会。【常用词组】break away逃走；逃脱 The robbery suspect broke away from the lockup.抢劫嫌疑犯从拘留所逃脱了。 Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules. (喻) 现代音乐如爵士乐摆脱了旧的传统规则。断裂；开裂 A large piece of ice broke away from the main block. 一大块冰从整个大冰块上断裂

8、开来。break down 破坏；拆散 The Congressmen of the Republican tried to break down the opposition from their opponents to their proposal. (喻)共和党的议员们试图使他们的反对派不再反对他们的提案。 Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。 break down old conventions打破旧框框 The robbers broke the

9、door down.强盗们把门砸开了。 The peace talks are said to have broken down. (喻)据说和谈破裂了。制服；被制服（机器）损坏 Our truck broke down outside town.我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。 The car broke down halfway to the destination.汽车在到达目的地的中途抛锚了。 The car broke down halfway to the camp.车子在去营地的半路上抛锚了。 The 8 oclock train broke down at Ferngreen stat

10、ion and was taken off the line. 8点钟的那趟车因在芬格林车站出了故障而被取消了。失败；破裂 Their opposition broke down.他们的反对意见打消了。精神崩溃；失去控制 He broke down and wept.他不禁失声痛哭。起化学变化Food is broken down by chemicals.化学物质引起食物转化。细分；分类break even不赚不赔；收支平衡break in 闯入；强行进入 The burglar broke in and stole my money.夜窃贼破门而入,偷了我的钱。打断；插嘴 Its her

11、usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own. 他常常打断别人的话来发表自己的观点。 Dont break in when the adventurer is telling his own story. 冒险家讲他自己的经历时,别打断他。 Children shouldnt break in on adults conversation. 小孩子不要打断大人们的谈话。 The telephone ring broke in on/upon my thoughts.电话铃声打断了我的思路。训练；驯养；使（某人）熟悉工作 The engin

12、eering doctor from abroad only broke in with us last month. 从国外回来的工程博士是上个月才开始和我们一道工作的。break into 闯入The thieves broke into the office and stole some money.小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。 The bandits broke into the jewelry and stole near all the valuable necklaces. 土匪们闯进了珠宝店盗走了几乎所有值钱的项链。打断；插话 突然起来 to break into song突然

13、唱起歌来 The crowd broke into cheers and the drunk bowed. 观众们爆发出一阵欢呼,醉汉鞠了一躬。 The car windows broke into pieces when the two cars crashed into each other. 两辆车相撞时车上的窗玻璃破裂成碎片。 The new waitress dropped the dish on the floor, and it broke into fragments. 新来的女服务员把菜盘子掉在地上,摔成了碎片。勉强动用 to break into ones savings勉

14、强动用存款break of 除去（某人的）习性 They broke him of his addiction.他们除去他吸毒的瘾。 Doctors keep trying to break him of smoking the drug.医生多次设法使他戒毒。break out逃脱；逃出 to break out of prison越狱而逃突然发生 Fire broke out in the kitchen.厨房突然发生了火灾。 It was almost midnight that a fire broke out in the neighbourhood.昨天快半夜了这儿附近发生了火灾。

15、 World War II broke out in 1939.第二次世界大战是1939年爆发的。 His back broke out in spots.他背上出现了许多斑点。break through突破 After the storm the sun broke through the clouds.风暴过后太阳冲破了云层。 At last, those physicians and specialists broke through in their fight against heart disease.那些内科医生和专家们终于在同心脏病的斗争中取得了突破。 The guerrill

16、as soon broke through.游击队很快就突围了。break up分裂; 结束；解散 The crowd started to break up when the night fell.天快黑时人群开始散开了。 The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.天气转暖,冰层就会破裂。 Their marriage broke up.他们的婚姻破裂了。 The police broke up the fighting crowd. 警察驱散了打架的人群。 He may break up under all this pressur

17、e.在这么大的压力下他可能会崩溃。 Break it up!别打啦! The company top meeting didnt break up until midnight.公司高层会议到半夜才结束。 The police broke up the fight among the two black gangs. 警察驱散了两个黑帮间的殴斗。（学校）开始放假When will you break up this winter?今年冬季你们什么时候放假?使发笑；逗乐；使苦恼 That joke really broke me up. 那个笑话可把我逗乐了。近义词： burst crack f

18、racture interruption interval letup pause rest rupture violation反义词： mend repair魔鬼词典： break off. 上三个词 breadthways breadthwise breadwinner下三个词break a bond break a butterfly on the wheel break a butterfly upon the wheel2.turnturn vt., vi. 旋转，转动 Turn the desk end for end.把办公桌转个向。 Turn the lid clockwise

19、 if you want to fasten it tightly如果你想把盖子旋紧,就按顺时针方向拧。 The wheels were turning.轮子在转动。 使改变方向 She turned left at the end of the road.她在路的尽头向左拐。 Oil the trolley, and then it will turn more freely.给手推车加点油,这样它就能自由运转了。 Nobody can turn back the wheel of history.任何人都无法使历史车轮倒转。 He was turning the pages of the

20、book.他在翻这本书。 对准；指向;使变成 to turn red变红 She turned her house into a shop. 她把房子改成了商店。 We must turn this precious plot to good account.我们必须充分利用这块宝地。 使变酸 The heats turned the milk.天气热，牛奶都变酸了。 把（木头、金属）制成各种式样 使感到不舒服；恶心 Fatly food turns my stomach.油腻的菜吃起来很倒胃。 （与against连用）对转取敌对态度；与为敌，使（某人）与（某人）为敌 使变质；使变形 to t

21、urn love to hate转爱为恨 赶走，驱赶 to turn sb. out of the house把某人赶出门 弄得乱七八糟 使翻转 【词性变化】 turn n. 旋转；转一圈 the turn of a wheel轮子的转动 转弯；转变方向 a turn in the road马路的转弯处 时间的转换点 at the turn of the century世纪之交 转变；转机 The sick person has taken a turn for the better.病人的情形好转。 时机；机会 You have missed your turn.你错过了机会。 行为；事迹

22、a good turn善良的行为 震惊；吓呆 You gave me quite a turn.你把我吓了一大跳。 发病 Shes had one of her turns again.她又发病了。 【习惯用语】 at every turn处处；经常；总是 【常用词组】 turn down减弱，降低，压低（力量、声音等） Please turn the television down a bit.请把电视机音量关小点。 to turn down the gas关小煤气 拒绝，不接受 turn in睡觉; 把交给警方; 归还 turn on打开（煤气、自来水、电灯等）;袭击；攻击 (= turn

23、 upon)（吸用麻醉品后）产生幻觉 turn out关闭（煤气、自来水、电灯等）;出席；到场; 生产；出产 We are to turn out 100,000 586 computers next year to meet the market requirements. 我们计划明年生产十万台586计算机以满足市场需要。 （将柜橱、抽屉里的东西）清出来 （常与to, that连用）结果 Things turned out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.事情正如教授所预见的那样。 The plan turned out a fail

24、ure. 这项计划结果归于失败。 turn over 考虑；思索; 使（发动机）怠速运转; 把交给警方营业额达到；做（某一数额的）生意 turn to向求助；求得安慰 turn up找到；发现;被找到;（将底边折起）把（衣服）改短;出现；来临；露面 把声音开大；把力量加大; 发生（意想不到的事） 近义词： alter change circle curve go around gyrate pivot rotate shift our spoil swerve swiveltwist vary veer wheel 反义词： fix上三个词 turmeric test paper turmer

25、icpaper turmoil下三个词turn a blind eye to turn a cold shoulder to sb. turn a deaf ear to3.taketake vt., vi. took tu:k, taken teIkEn, taking teIkIN 得到；获得 You have to take it as you find it.对这个你只得将就些算了。 拿；握住；抓住 The mother took her child by the hand.母亲拉着孩子的手。 取走，拿走 Take this shopping home.把这件买的东西拿回家。 The

26、foods here are all free - take any you like.这里的食品都是免费的,你们随便吃吧。 Hed take a candy from a baby.(美)(非正式)他是个贪得无厌的下流坯。 Who has taken my chocolate?谁拿了我的巧克力？ 容纳；装Its wide roads, which can take fourteen lanes of traffic, have been kept away from living areas. 它的宽阔马路有14条车道,而且远离生活区。 These village cottages take

27、 in paying guests during the summer holidays. 暑假期间这些农家村舍接待付费的旅客。 The suitcase wouldnt take another thing.这个衣箱再装不下别的东西了。 带走；送 You may take a horse to the water, but you cannot make him drink.(谚) 引马河边易,逼马饮水难。;不要逼人做他不愿做的事。;善意不足以成事。 The next car the boy stopped did not take him into the centre of Paris

28、as he hoped it would. 这个孩子拦住的下一辆车没有象他所希望的那样把他带到巴黎市中心。 带给；端给 Take him a cup of tea.端一杯茶给他。 乘，坐，搭（车、船）Shall we go by bus or take a cab? 我们是乘公共汽车去还是乘出租汽车去? to take a bus to work乘公共汽车上班 to take a train乘火车 获得；得到 to take (the) first place获第一名 购买 We take two news-papers a day.我们每天买两份报纸。 吃；喝；服用；吸入 Take your

29、 medicine.把药服下。 进行；作；为 taking a walk散步 If you dont take / get more exercise youll get fat.你如果不多锻炼就会发胖。 The state government has decided to take a 50% cut of oil profits. 州政府决定抽取石油利润的百分之五十。 We must take a long hard look at their suggestion.他们的建议我们要好好研究一番。 to take a look around在附近看看 测出，量出 Take your te

30、mperature. 量一量你的体温。 减掉，去掉 If you take 4 from 10, you have 6.十减去四剩六。 理解；领会 How do you take this passage?这段话你怎么理解？ 发誓；懂得；了解 Do you take me?你懂我的意思吗？ 攻读，修（课） Did you take history at school?你在学校上过历史课吗？ 吸引；着迷 really taken by the little dog对小狗着了迷 持续，花费（时间）How long does the flight take? 这个航班要飞多久？ Just a min

31、ute, it wont take me long to change.等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。 This new pain-killer doesnt take long to act on the pain?这种新止痛药不需要很长时间就能发挥止痛作用。 需要 That work will take a lot of doing.这件事是不容易做好的。It takes two men to do this. 做这项工作需要两个人。 花费（钱） It takes a lot of money to buy a house.买一所房子要花一大笔钱。 能接受 This machine onl

32、y takes 5-pence coins.这部机器仅能够放进5便士的硬币。 照像，拍照 At first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below.起初伯德和他的助手们能够拍下许多横亘于下的群山的照片。 This time, he managed to climb into the mouth of Kituro so that he could take photographs and measure temperatures.这次他设法爬进了基特

33、罗火山口,以便能拍到照片,测量温度。 I had my picture taken this morning.今天早晨我照了像。 起作用；奏效 Did the vaccination take?种痘有反应了吗？ 使生病；染病 He was taken ill.他生病了。 写下；记录 He took my name and address.他记下了我的名字和地址。 跳越；跨越 The horse took that last fence well.那匹马最后一栏跳得好。 接受（出价） I wont take less than $5000 for my car. 我的汽车低于5000美元不卖。【

34、习惯用语】take to ones heels仓皇逃跑 (= take to ones legs)【词性变化】take n. 电影镜头；电视镜头 Six takes before the director was satisfied. 拍了六个镜头导演才满意。 交易金额；赃款; 所得金额和赃款的分成【常用词组】 take aback使吃惊；使吓呆 take after相似 She takes after her mother.她长得像她妈妈。 take back 撤销；同意收回；同意回来 take for当作；误认为 We must not take it for granted that t

35、he board of the directors will approve of the investment plan. 我们决不可想当然地认为董事会一定会批准这个投资计划的。 take in收留，收容（某人）;包括；囊括；包含 You can also take in some of the notable architectural monuments. 你也可以将一些著名的纪念性建筑包括在参观的项目中。 改短（衣服）；缩减尺寸; 了解；领悟 to take in a doctrine了解一种主义 欺骗；蒙骗 take off脱掉（衣服） I take my hat off to hi

36、m for the way he arranged the party.我对他安排社交聚会的方式表示佩服。 Take off your clothes; theyre very wet. 脱掉你的衣服，衣服湿透了。 模仿（别人的神态）;（飞机）起飞 The plane took off at three oclock.飞机三点钟起飞了。 The nursery teacher often leads her children to watch aircrafts take off or land. 幼儿园教师经常带领孩子们去看飞机起飞或降落。 take on雇用；聘用; 开始显现；变得有;与人

37、较量 Why dont you take on sb. your own size?你怎么不跟和你一样高的人较量？ 承担（工作、责任等） take out拔掉；去掉; 带（某人）出去；跟（某人）出去; 申请取得；获得 Have you taken out insurance? 你参加保险了吗？ 【习惯用语】take sb. out of himself给某人解闷；为某人消愁 take it out of sb.使某人精疲力尽 The long journey seems to have taken it out of mother.长途跋涉似乎把妈妈给累垮了。 【常用词组】 take out

38、on向别人发泄自己的情绪 take over 接任；接管；接收 take to喜欢; 沉溺于；养成习惯 to take to drinking沉溺于饮酒 去；到 The criminal took to the woods.罪犯逃到了林子里。 take up开始从事；专注于He took up art while at school.他在学校时开始对艺术感到兴趣。 继续；接下去 to take up ones story接着讲故事 促请考虑（某事） take up with与（人）交往 近义词：assume bring capture carry choose convey gain gath

39、er get guess hire infer involve lease need obtain pick out receive require select stand suppose swallow 反义词： bring give 上三个词 takamatsu takamycin takaoka 下三个词take a active part take a back seat take a bad picture4.getget vt., vi got getting 得到，收到；经历 Did you get my telegram?你收到我的电报了吗？ Did they get any

40、 compensation when they were dismissed from their jobs? 他们被解雇时有没有得到赔偿费? 获得，取得 I must get some fruit in the market我得在市场上买点水果。 Ill get sth. to eat before I got out.我出去之前要找点东西吃。 取来；处理 Dont answer the telephone. Ill get it.别接电话，我来听。 开始 to get customers开始营业 Get moving!走！ 发动 Ill get the car going.我要使车发动起来

41、。 变得，变成 The foods getting cold.菜凉了。 This skirt is getting dirty; it needs washing.这件短裙脏了,该洗一洗了。 成为；被 to get trapped 被困 弄；使；促使 I cant get them all in.我不能把他们都弄进去。 说服 Get him to see a doctor.劝他去找医生看看。 到达，抵达 She got there at six.她六点钟到达那里。 When we got to the station, the bus was waiting.当我们到达车站时，汽车还在等着。

42、放进，弄进；取出，移出 Get that cat out of the house!把那猫从屋里赶出去！ 成功；达到 If I get to see him, Ill ask him about it.如果我见到他，我会问他那件事。 患（病），得（病） Hes got a bad cold.他得了重感冒。 了解；听懂；明白 Do you get me?你明白我的意思吗？ Did you get the drift of the dispute? 你搞清楚争论的中心了吗? 困扰；使烦恼；刺激 That gets me where it hurts.那句话刺伤了我。 击中 I got her wi

43、th a potato.我用马铃薯打中了她。 生育，生产 击败对手，得胜 Ill get him on that point.就那一点来说我会赢他。成功；进展；有效果 My son is really getting somewhere.我儿子确实在进步。【习惯用语】 get sth. done使；受；让人做好；经历；让；做（该做的事） Ill just get these dishes washed and then Ill come.我得把盘子洗了，然后就来。 I must get the television fixed.我必须请人修理一下这台电视机。 get above oneself

44、自高自大；自傲 get (sth. or sb.) right了解 get (sth. or sb.) wrong误解【常用词组】 get across被理解；使人了解 Did your speech get across to the crowd?你的演说听众理解吗? (= get over) get around避开，逃避to get around the tax laws逃避纳税 (= get round) get away with逃避惩罚 get by度日；生活to get by on a small income靠微薄的收入生活 尚可；勉强及格Your work will just

45、 get by.你的工作尚能过得去。 get down（小孩）饭后离开餐桌; 困难地吞下 Come on, get the pill down.来，把药片吞下去。 写下，记下; 使疲倦、生病或不安 The bad weather is getting me down.这坏天气使我毫无精神。 get down to认真地静下心（工作）to get down to work静下心来工作 get home中肯；被了解（不愉快的事） (= go home) get off（与with, together连用）结交异性;与异性发生性关系 get on相处融洽; 变迟；变老 Time is getting on.时间已晚。 继续 Get on with your work!继续工作吧。 快；催促; 成功 to get on in ones job在事业上取得成功 get on for（时间、年纪、距离）接近，迈进， 快到She is getting on for fifty.她年近了。 get onto与接触; 得知，获悉The police finally got onto him.警方终于得知了他的欺骗行为。 被任命为；被选为; 开始讨论或从事 How did we get onto that subject?我们是怎么谈到那个题目的？ 登机；骑上；爬上 I get onto the