2015年职称英语考试(理工类)考前试题-阅读判断精选

1、职称英语考试（理工类）考前试题-阅读判断精选British Womens WaistlinesThe average British womans waistline has grown by 2 inches in 10 years, all thanks to the sedentary(久坐的) lifestyle.A study conducted by Cancer Research UK scientists found that the average waistline of British women has increased from 31.8 inches to 33.

2、5 inches.上学吧视频超市Men are also nowhere behind the fairer sex, for the research found that the average mans waistline has grown by 1.4 inches to 38 inches.We know high body weight increases the risk of a number of cancers and it is important we get this message out to as many people as possible,” the D

3、aily Mail quoted Dr Lesley Walker, of Cancer Research UK, as saying.A healthy diet with plenty of fiber, fruit and vegetables, as well as regular exercise can help people lose weight and reduce their risk of cancer,” he added.The trend was found to be dominant in the under 45s, where the proportion

4、of men with a body mass index(体重指数)over 35, and of women with a BMI of over 40, has grown two-fold during the decade.上学吧视频超市Lead researcher Professor Jane Wardle said it is possible that young people follow a less healthy lifestyle than their elders.Snacking habits, takeaway meals high in fat and se

5、dentary lifestyles where many people spend both work and leisure time sitting in front of a computer are all likely to contribute to the results.She added that genetics also play a vital role in the growing rate of obesity.上学吧视频超市1.British womens waistline would have grown more than 2 inches if they

6、 didnt spend too much time sittingA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:B解析:该题说的是：如果不久坐，英国女性的腰围增长就会超过2英寸。文章提到了英国女性腰围增长2英寸就是因为她们久坐。因此错误上学吧视频超市2.The exact increase of the average waistline of British women is 1.7 inchesA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:A解析:该题说的是：确切地说，英国女性腰围长了1.7英寸。第二段提到英国女性的腰围从31.8英寸涨到33.

7、5英寸。因此正确3.Mens waistline has grown because they have eaten too many hamburgersA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:C解析:该题说的是：男人的腰围增长是因为他们吃了太多的汉堡包。文中并没有提到。上学吧视频超市4.Dr Walker believes the heavier the body is, the higher risk there is of cancersA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:A解析:该题说的是：沃克认为体重越大，患癌症的风险越高

8、。原文第四段提到了体重的增长增加患癌症的风险。5.People over 45 are most likely to have high body weightA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:B上学吧视频超市解析:该题说的是：45岁以上的人更有可能超重。第五段提到了45岁以上的人体重指数增加明显。注意under 45s是指45岁以下的人。6.Young people follow a healthier lifestyle than their parentsA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:B解析:该题说的是：年轻人遵循比

9、他们的长辈更健康的生活方式。从倒数第二段可以得出年轻人吃快餐，外带食品，工作于休闲的时间同样久坐电脑前，这些都是比他们的长辈更加不健康的生活方式。所以题干的说法是错误的。上学吧视频超市7.Wardle believes genetics have nothing to do with obesityA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned正确答案:B解析:该题说的是：沃尔德认为基因遗传与肥胖无关。最后一段提到了基因在提高肥胖几率方面起重要作用。因此该句的表述错误British Womens WaistlinesThe average British womans waistl

10、ine has grown by 2 inches in 10 years, all thanks to the sedentary(久坐的) lifestyle.A study conducted by Cancer Research UK scientists found that the average waistline of British women has increased from 31.8 inches to 33.5 inches.上学吧视频超市Men are also nowhere behind the fairer sex, for the research fou

11、nd that the average mans waistline has grown by 1.4 inches to 38 inches.上学吧视频超市We know high body weight increases the risk of a number of cancers and it is important we get this message out to as many people as possible,” the Daily Mail quoted Dr Lesley Walker, of Cancer Research UK, as saying.A hea

12、lthy diet with plenty of fiber, fruit and vegetables, as well as regular exercise can help people lose weight and reduce their risk of cancer,” he added.The trend was found to be dominant in the under 45s, where the proportion of men with a body mass index(体重指数)over 35, and of women with a BMI of ov

13、er 40, has grown two-fold during the decade.Lead researcher Professor Jane Wardle said it is possible that young people follow a less healthy lifestyle than their elders.Snacking habits, takeaway meals high in fat and sedentary lifestyles where many people spend both work and leisure time sitting in

14、 front of a computer are all likely to contribute to the results.She added that genetics also play a vital role in the growing rate of obesity.上学吧视频超市1、British womens waistline would have grown more than 2 inches if they didnt spend too much time sittingA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned2、The exact incre

15、ase of the average waistline of British women is 1.7 inches上学吧视频超市A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned3、Mens waistline has grown because they have eaten too many hamburgersA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned4、Dr Walker believes the heavier the body is, the higher risk there is of cancersA.RightB.WrongC.Not menti

16、oned5、People over 45 are most likely to have high body weightA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned6、Young people follow a healthier lifestyle than their parents上学吧视频超市A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned7、Wardle believes genetics have nothing to do with obesityA.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned1.正确答案:B解析:该题说的是：如果不久坐，英国

17、女性的腰围增长就会超过2英寸。文章提到了英国女性腰围增长2英寸就是因为她们久坐。因此错误2.正确答案:A解析:该题说的是：确切地说，英国女性腰围长了1.7英寸。第二段提到英国女性的腰围从31.8英寸涨到33.5英寸。因此正确3.正确答案:C解析:该题说的是：男人的腰围增长是因为他们吃了太多的汉堡包。文中并没有提到。4.正确答案:A解析:该题说的是：沃克认为体重越大，患癌症的风险越高。原文第四段提到了体重的增长增加患癌症的风险。上学吧视频超市5.正确答案:B解析:该题说的是：45岁以上的人更有可能超重。第五段提到了45岁以上的人体重指数增加明显。注意under 45s是指45岁以下的人。6.正确

18、答案:B解析:该题说的是：年轻人遵循比他们的长辈更健康的生活方式。从倒数第二段可以得出年轻人吃快餐，外带食品，工作于休闲的时间同样久坐电脑前，这些都是比他们的长辈更加不健康的生活方式。所以题干的说法是错误的。7.正确答案:B上学吧视频超市解析:该题说的是：沃尔德认为基因遗传与肥胖无关。最后一段提到了基因在提高肥胖几率方面起重要作用。因此该句的表述错误Using HIV Virus to Cure CancerScientists are planning to use human immunodeficiency(免疫缺陷)virus(HIV), one of mankinds most fe

19、ared viruses, as a carrier of genes which can fight cancer and a range of diseases that cannot be cured. The experts say HIV has an almost perfect ability to avoid the bodys immune(免疫的)defenses, making it ideal for carrying replacement genes into patients bodies, according to the Observer.上学吧视频超市A t

20、eam at the California-based Salk Institute, one of the worlds leading research centers on biological sciences, has created a special new breed of HIV and has started negotiations with the US Food and Drug Administration(FDA)to begin clinical gene therapy(治疗) trials this year. The first trials are ex

21、pected to involve patients suffering from cancers that cannot be cured by surgery although project leader Professor Inder Verma said the HIV technique would have” far wider applications”.上学吧视频超市The plan remains very likely to cause controversy since it involves making use of a virus which has caused

22、 more than 22 million deaths around the world in the past two decades. Verma said that the idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose was “shocking” but the fierce nature of HIV had disappeared by having all six of the potentially deadly genes removed.Illnesses such as various cancers are caused whe

23、n a gene in a patients body fails to work properly. In the past two years, breakthroughs in genetics(遗传学)have led gene therapy scientists to try and replace the genes that do not function normally.上学吧视频超市Unfortunately, the bodys immune defenses have been known to attack the modified genes and make t

24、hem lose their effects before they can start their task and progress in the field has been held up by the lack of a suitable carrier.The HIV virus has the ability to escape from, and then destroy, the immune defense cells designed to protect our bodies and this makes it attractive to scientists as a

25、 way of secretly conveying replacement genes into patients bodies.16 FDA has approved the plan of using HIV to cure cancer in humans.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 The idea of using HIV for a beneficial purpose has been widely accepted.上学吧视频超市A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 HIV can be safely used t

26、o cure cancer only if the deadly genes have been removed.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 The HIV virus is an excellent warrior to fight the bodys immune cells.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 Other countries are also expected to begin clinical gene therapy trials soon.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21

27、It is the lack of money that has held up the progress in using replacement genes to cure cancer.上学吧视频超市A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 The HIV virus has caused more deaths in developed countries.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned答案：16.B 17.B 18.A 19.A20.C 21.B 22.CIrish Dolphins May Have a Unique Dialect

28、Irish scientists monitoring dolphins living in a river estuary in the southwest of the country believe they may have developed a unique dialect to communicate with each other. The Shannon Dolphin and Wildlife Foundation (SDWF)1 has been studying a group of up to 120 bottle-nose dolphins in the River

29、 Shannon2 using vocalisations collected on a computer in a cow shed3 near the River Shannon.As part of a research project, student Ronan Hickey digitised and analysed a total of 1,882 whistles from the Irish dolphins and those4 from the Welsh dolphins on a computer and separated them into six fundam

30、ental whistle types and 32 different categories5. Of the categories, he found most6 were used by both sets of dolphins7 but eight were only heard from the Irish dolphins.上学吧视频超市“We are building up a catalogue of the different whistle types they use and trying to associate them with behaviour like fo

31、raging, resting, socialising and the communications of groups with calves,” project leader Simon Berrow said. “Essentially we are building up what is like a dictionary of words they use or sounds they make.”Berrow, a marine biologist, said the dolphins clicks are used to find their way around and lo

32、cate prey. The whistles are communications. “They do a whole range of other sound like barks, groans and a kind of gunshot,” he said. “The gunshot is an intense pulse of sound. Sperm whales use it to stun their prey.”上学吧视频超市“When I first heard it I was surprised as I thought sperm whales were the on

33、ly species who used it. We can speculate the dolphins are using it for the same reason as the sperm whales.” Borrow said.References in local legend8 indicate there have been dolphins in the Shannon estuary for generations and they may even have been resident there as far back as the 6th century9.The

34、y are regularly seen by passengers on the Shannon ferry and an estimated 25,000 tourists every year take special sightseeing tours on local boats to visit them.练习：1. The difference in eating habits between the bottle-nose dolphins and the sperm whales interested the SDWF scientists.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned2. Ronan Hickey analysed almost 2,000 different dialects of the bottle-nose dolphins.上学吧视频超市A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned3. Of the 32