定语从句入门整理概括

1、定语从句1. 先行词2. 主从句3. 关系代词：其作用有. 连接主从句 . 代替先行词， 关系代词可以代替先行词在从句中充当主语或宾语关系代词：that which who whom whose as1. 前提：当先行词为物（非生命）时，可用that或which . 关系代词代替先行词在从句中充当主语时可用that或which Eg. This is the gift which/that is bought by Tom. . 关系代词代替先行词在从句中充当宾语时可用that或which，或者省略 Eg. This is the gift which/that Tom bought yest

2、erday. 或者 This is the gift Tom bought yesterday.2. 前提： 当先行词为有生命体时，可用who，whom，that . 关系代词代替先行词在从句中充当主语，只能用who或that Eg. I hate the man who/that always tells lies. . 关系代词代替先行词在从句中充当宾语，可用who，whom，that Eg. I hate the man who/whom/that I saw yesterday.注：（特殊）在定语从句中that不能与介词搭配。先行词为生命体时，与介词搭配的只能是whom；先行词为生命体

3、时，与介词搭配的只能是whichEg. He is the man with whom I went swimming. How is the case?1. A hair and some drops of blood were found, in the light of _the murderer will soon be found out.A. that B. which C. what D. when2. In the room there are many tables _you can sit and read.A. in which B. of whom C. of it D

4、. at which*只能用that不用which的情况1. 先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级时Eg. This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.2. 当先行词是不定代词时，如all, little, few, much, a lot, anything, everything, none, nothing, some等Eg. He did everything that he could to help us.3.当先行词被all, every, no, some, any, littl

5、e, much, the only, the very, the right, last, few, just 等修饰时Eg. The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice.4. 当先行词既有人又有物时Eg. Later my father and Mr. Smith talked for about half an hour of the things and persons that they remembered in the school.5. 当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时，为了避免重复Eg. Who

6、 is the boy that won the gold medal?6. 当关系词在从句中做表语Eg. He is not the man that he used to be.*只能用which不用that的场合1. 关系代词前有介词2. 引导非限制性从句限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句中没有逗号，限制性较强，翻译成汉语时应放在先行词前面Eg. This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句中间有逗号，限制性不强，翻译成汉语一般放在先行词之后，起一个补充说明的作用Eg. Last night

7、 I saw a very good film, which was about the Long March. 昨晚我看了一部很好的电影，是关于长征的附：关系词的基本用法词形先行词充当从句的成分关系代词Who人主、宾Whom人宾Which物主、宾、定That人、物主、宾、表As人、物主、宾、表Whose=（of which/of whom）人、物定语关系副词When=(on/at/in which)时间词时间状语Where=(in/at/on which)地点词地点状语How方式词方式状语Why=for which原因词原因状语AsAs 引导的定语从句通常有比较固定的句式或标志1. as 可以引导限制性定语从句。 As在从句中做主语、宾语和表语，常与the same, such, as, so搭配。Eg. He is such a clever boy as everyone likes. He is wearing the same jacket as I bought yesterday.2. as引导的非限制性定语从句修饰整个句子，意思为