商务合同翻译精讲.ppt

1、a,1,商务合同的翻译,a,2,讨论：,外贸合同有哪些内容,a,3,Huzhou Import 赔偿的保证 repayment for this；赔偿金 An insurance contract that promises to pay for the replacement or repair of lost of damaged goods赔偿物 e.g. to arrange an against loss 办理损失赔偿 to demand an for the delayed payment 因延期付款要求赔偿,a,21,Money demanded by a victorious

2、nation at the end of a war as a condition of peace is an . 战争结束时，战胜国作为和平条件索取之款项称为“赔款”。,a,22,Infringement: violation n. 违反；违背；侵犯；侵害,copyright infringement,版权侵犯,patent infringement,专利侵权,trade-mark infringement,侵犯商标权, 商标冒用,infringement of contract,违反合同,infringement of freedom,侵犯自由,a,23,Force majeure: a

3、n unexpected and unavoidable event that causes or allows a contract to be changed or cancelled if it has a force majeure clause. e.g. As a result of force majeure the transaction was not completed. 基于不可抗力的因素，交易未能完成。,a,24,Arbitration : the settling of a dispute by means of a neutral third party rathe

4、r than by a court of law. 仲裁（通过中立的第三方不通过法庭解决纠纷） e.g. They decided to settle the dispute by . 他们决定通过仲裁解决争议。,a,25,改错,Contractor shall assure full responsibility for the entire project work until its acceptance. 在项目接收之前，承包方应对工程承担全部责任。 Full set clean on board marine Bill of Lading issued to the order of

5、 the shipper and blank endorsed. 承运人签发的全套整洁、已装船的海运提单，空白背书。 The payment shall be made by confirmed, irrevocable and documentary LC. 付款方式为经确认的、不可撤销的、书面信用证。,a,26,在以上三句中，acceptance、clean、to the order of、confirmed和documentary的翻译均未能完全真实表示合同意思，这些词的中文完整意思分别是“验收”、“清洁”、“以为抬头”、“保兑的”和“跟单”。由以上各例可见，由于对商务合同中专业词汇的错

6、误理解和翻译，从而传达了一种错误信息从而可能引发法律纠纷。,a,27,2.用语力求准确、明白、严密 Party A shall send technicians at Party Bs expense to train Party Bs personnel within 30 days after signing the Contract. 甲方应于签约后三十天内派遣技术员培训乙方的人员，有关费用由乙方承担。 This Contract can only be altered, amended or supplemented in accordance with documents signe

7、d and sealed by authorized representatives of both parties. 本合同的修改补充应按双方授权代表签名盖章的文件，才能进行。,a,28,三、语言特色,3. Use old English To make the compound words by adding after, by, in, of, on, to, under, upon, or with after here, there, or where Hereafter: in this document and after this point 此后, 以后 Hereby: in

8、 this way or by this letter以此, 特此, 由此 Thereby: by that 按此, 借此, 从而, 由此 Therefrom: from that从那里,a,29,Whereas Party A is willing to employ Party B and Party B agrees to do as Party As engineer in Beijing, it is hereby agrees as follows. 鉴于甲方愿聘请乙方,乙方同意应聘为甲方在北京的工程师,双方协议如下: In consideration of the mutual

9、covenants and agreement herein contained, the parties agree as follows. 双方考虑到在此提出的契约和协议, 同意如下条款.,a,30,三、语言特色,4. Use the synonymous word with its relevant words多用成双成对的同义词 Terms and conditions 条件 null and void 无效 free and clear of 无 able and willing 能够并愿意 any duties, obligations or liabilities所有责任 app

10、licable laws, regulations, decrees, directives, and rules 适用法律法规,a,31,any and all 全部 charges, fees, costs and expenses 各种费用 covenants and agreements 合同，协议 customs and usages 惯例 import duty and tax 进口税捐 keep secret and confidential保密 licenses and permits 许可 packing and wrapping expenses 包装费 rights an

11、d interests 权益 settle claims and debts 清理债务 ships and vessels 船只 sign and issue 签发 support and maintenance 维护 use and wont 习惯，惯例,a,32,1）This Agreement made and entered into by and between ABC Co. and XYZ Co. ABC 公司和XYZ公司双方签订本协议。 2）All documents, letters, telegrams and telexes interchanged between bo

12、th parties before the signing of the Contract shall become null and void automatically from the date on which the Contract comes into force. 双方在签约前交换的所有文件、书信、电报和电传，应从本合同生效之日开始自动失效。,a,33,5、注意may、shall、should、will、may not、shall not等词语的法律内涵 May、shall、should、will、may not、shall not等词的确很常见，但是在合同中这些词具有特殊的意

13、义，所以翻译起来要极其谨慎，避免引起纠纷。 a. May：在表示合同上的权利（Right）、权限（Power）或特权（Privilege）的场合中使用。若表示某种权利在法律上具有强制性的时候，更多的是“be entitled”。 b. Shall：在合同中并不是单纯的将来时，一般用它来表示法律上可以强制执行的义务（Obligation）。如未履行，即视为违约，并构成某种赔偿责任。所以，shall在译文里，通常表示“应该”或“必须”，当然，也有不翻译的时候。例如：,a,34,The parties hereto shall, first of all, settle any dispute ar

14、ising from or in connection with the contract by friendly negotiations. Should such negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the Peoples Court having jurisdiction on such dispute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement rea

15、ched after such dispute occurs. 双方首先应通过友好协商，解决因合同而发生的或与合同有关的争议。如果协商未果，合同中又无仲裁条款约定或争议发生后未就仲裁达成协议的，可将争议提交有管辖权的人民法院解决。,a,35,The quality and prices of the commodities to be exchanged between the ex-importers in the two countries shall be acceptable to both sides. 货物的质量和价格必须使进出口双方都能接受。 The formation of t

16、his contract, its validity, interpretation, execution and settlement of the disputes shall be governed by related laws of the Peoples Republic of China. 本合同的订立、效力、解释、履行和争议的解决均受中华人民共和国法律的管辖。shall没有译出。,a,36,c. Should：在合同中通常只用来表示语气较弱的假设，多翻译成“万一”或“如果”，极少译成“应该”。 The board meeting shall be convened and pr

17、esided over by the Chairman. Should the chairman be absent, the vice-Chairman shall, in principle, convene and preside over the board meeting. 董事会会议应由董事长召集、主持；若董事长缺席，原则上应由副董事长召集、主持。,a,37,d. Will：一般使用在没有法律强制的情况下，也用做表示承担义务的声明，但语气和强制力比Shall弱。 e. May not（或shall not）：用于禁止性义务，即“不得做什么”。,a,38,Sentence featu

18、res,Use a lot of complete and long sentences with attribute and adverbial modifier to form the simple sentences and compound sentences,a,39,The stylish featuresCorrect and precise,Hereinafter called以下称为 Unless otherwise stipulated in除非在中另有规定 This shall prevail over则以为准,a,40,商务合同与协议的翻译,一、准确严谨faithfulness Whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the undermentioned goods on the