Lecture 6 Cohesion in CE Translation

1、.,Lecture 6 Coherence in CE Translation (P.56-68 of textbook),Referential cohesion Structural cohesion Contrasts of the use of “this” and “that” between Chinese and English Lexical cohesion,.,Referential cohesion,Referential cohesion Absence of relative pronoun in Chinese; presence of it in English.

2、 In many cases, the personal pronouns in Chinese correspond with the relative pronouns in English. 这本书是KEVIN 留下的，他刚才到这儿来过。 This book was left by KEVIN, who was here a moment ago.,.,Referential cohesion,P. 57. Notice the use of “which” The only thing that had interested us in the ugly stone was a lit

3、tle pit on top of it, which was filled with water on rainy days.,.,Referential cohesion,Rich use of personal pronouns in English VS. repetition of the noun (the addressed) in Chinese. 黛玉磕着瓜子，只管抿着嘴笑。可巧黛玉的丫鬟雪雁来给黛玉送小手炉。 Daiyu had been smiling rather cryptically as she cracked melon-seeds. Now her maid

4、Xueyan brought in her little hand-stove.,.,Contrasts of the use of “this” and “that” between Chinese and English,Contrasts of the use of “this” and “that” between Chinese and English In Chinese texts, “zhe” may refer to what one has said or mentioned. In a similar context, “that” is the choice in En

5、glish texts. 她发出一声呻吟似的低语：“你今晚才象个大人。”他微笑了。“这正是我想说的话。” (琼瑶：雁儿在林梢),.,“zhe”,“zhe” may refer to a very recent occurrence, “that” is used in English. He said nothing for a moment. Then : “I scribbled something in my notebook the other day for future use, just had the idea that while driving along; that ha

6、ppens a lot”.,.,Contrasts of the use of “this” and “that” between Chinese and English,“this” and “that” in Chinese may be used to indicate psychological distance (one may use “this” even though the thing referred to is distant in time). 她到现在还记得很明白的是五六年前的土地庙的香市中看见一只常常会笑的猴子，一口的牙齿那么白！但这也是他最后一次快乐的纪念 She

7、 could still remember the monkey she had seen several years before at a temple fair at homeit kept grinning and showing a mouthful of white teeth. That was her last, happy memory,.,.,“this” and “that,when referring back to the statement previously made, “this” is preferred in Chinese while “that” is

8、 more customary in English. To be or not to be: that is a question. 可是老王身上确实有足以吸引她的地方.他人很聪明，这个她看得出来。 But there was something in Lao Wang (Mr. Wang) that did interest her. There was intelligence; she could sense that.,.,Contrasts of the use of “this” and “that” between Chinese and English,“the” in En

9、glish and “zero anaphora” in Chinese (p.58) (10) . 大约到了19世纪初马被蒸汽火车头取代了。 It was not until the beginning of the 19th century that the horse was replaced by the steam locomotive.,.,Structural cohesion,Structural cohesion (co-reference; ellipsis; substitution; and conjuction). Please refer to the textbo

10、ok. 这是第一个孩子，没见过世面，老是躲躲闪闪的。 This is my first child. He has not seen much of life/much society/has seen little of the world, so he is always shy and awkward.,.,Structural cohesion,教室太吵，宿舍太闷，校园里的树林中，小河边，假山旁，芳草上全是同学知己，一个个手捧书本，口中念念有词。 Asand, i, only to find/ and found, in, by, and on, withand (Conjunctio

11、n!),.,Structural cohesion,你去说服他吧，昨晚我跟他谈了一夜，尽了力了。 You try to persuade him now. I talked to him all last night, therefore Ive done my part ( N. Mailer) . 酒不醉人自醉。 It is not the wine that intoxicates but the drinker who gets himself drunk.,.,Structural cohesion,一定的文化（当作观念形态的文化）是一定社会政治和经济的反映， 又给予一定社会的政治和

12、经济以巨大的作用和影响。 Any given culture (as an ideological form) is a reflection of the politics and economics of a given society, and the former at the same time exerts a tremendous effect upon the latter.,.,Structural cohesion,凤子于我不只是妻子，她是中国不分割的一部分，是流淌在我和中国之间的一条永续不段的溪流，其间荡漾着一个民族、一种文化、一个社会的精髓。 沙博理 Sidney Sh

13、apiro Phoenix was more than a wife to me./ She was an integral part of China, a continual stream that flowed between China and me, the essence of a people, a culture, a society.,.,Structural cohesion,我们国家大，人口多，农业要搞上去，最重要的还是要调动我国农民的积极性，自力更生，艰苦奋斗。 Agricultural advancement in so vast a country, with so

14、 large a population, requires above everything else mobilizing the initiative of all the Chinese farmers to work hard with a spirit of self-reliance.,.,Structural cohesion,你本身不善解人意，别人就不能理解你。 He cannot make himself understood who does not himself easily understand.,.,Lexical cohesion,Lexical cohesion

15、 城乡改革的基本政策，一定要长期保持稳定。当然，随着实践的发展，该完善的完善，该修补的修补，但总的要坚定不移。即使没有新的主意也可以。就是不要变，不要使人们感到政策变了。 The basic policies for urban and rural reform must be kept stable for a long time to come. Of course, as the reform progresses, some of these policies should be improved or amended as necessary. But we should keep

16、to the general direction. It doesnt matter much whether we can come up with new ideas. What matters is that we should neither change nor make people feel that we are changing the policies.,.,Lexical cohesion,汉译英不如英译汉容易。 Translation form Chinese into English is not so easy as that from English into C

17、hinese.,.,Lexical cohesion,我们倡导和平共处，这一原则目前在世界上已越来越深入人心。 We have advocated the principle of peaceful coexistence, which is growing more and more popular in the world. 你没有搞好，我是不满意的，得罪了你就得罪了你。 You have done a poor job and I am not satisfied, and if you feel offended, so be it. verbal (substitution),.,E

18、llipsis,Ellipsis : 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 Association with the good can only produce good, with the wicked, evil.,.,Not to be omitted,Not to be omitted. 脱下衣服的时候，他听得外面很热闹，阿Q生平 本来最爱看热闹，（他）便寻声走出去了。（他）寻声渐渐的寻到赵太爷的内院里，虽然在黄昏中，（他）却辨得出许多人，赵府一家连两日不吃饭的太太也在内，还有间壁的邹七嫂，真正本家的赵白眼，赵司晨。,.,Not to be omitted,While he was taking off his shirt he heard an uproar outside, and since Ah Q always liked to join in any excitement that was going, he went out in search