大学英语精读第三册课文翻译

1、Unit 1Text A young man finds that strolling along the streets without an obvious purpose can lead to trouble with the law. One misunderstanding leads to another until eventually he must appear in court for trial一个青年发现，在大街上毫无明显目的地游逛会招致警方的责罚。 误会一个接一个发生，最终他只得出庭受审 A Brush with the Law与警察的一场小冲突I have onl

2、y once been in trouble with the law. 我平生只有一次跟警方发生纠葛。The whole process of being arrested and taken to court was a rather unpleasant experience at the time, but it makes a good story now. 被捕和出庭的整个过程在当时是一件非常不愉快的事，但现在倒成了一篇很好的故事。What makes it rather disturbing was the arbitrary circumstances both of my a

3、rrest and my subsequent fate in court. 这次经历令人可恼之处在于围绕着我的被捕以及随后庭上审讯而出现的种种武断专横的情况。It happened in February about twelve years ago. 事情发生在大约12年前，其时正是2月。I had left school a couple of months before that and was not due to go to university until the following October. 几个月前我中学毕业了，但上大学要等到10月。 I was still livi

4、ng at home at the time. 当时我还在家中居住。One morning I was in Richmond, a suburb of London near where I lived. 一天早晨，我来到里士满。这里是伦敦的一个郊区，离我住的地方不远。I was looking for a temporary job so that I could save up some money to go travelling. 我在寻找一份临时工作，以便积些钱去旅游。As it was a fine day and I was in no hurry, I was taking

5、my time, looking in shop windows, strolling in the park, and sometimes just stopping and looking around me. 由于天气晴朗，当时又无急事，我便慢悠悠看看橱窗，逛逛公园。有时干脆停下脚步，四处张望。It must have been this obvious aimlessness that led to my downfall. 现在看来，一定是这种明显的毫无目的的游逛，使我倒了霉。It was about half past eleven when it happened. 事情发生在1

6、1点半钟光景。I was just walking out of the local library, having unsuccessfully sought employment there, when I saw a man walking across the road with the obvious intention of talking to me. 我在当地图书馆谋职未成，刚刚走出来，便看到一个人穿越马路，显然是要来跟我说话。I thought he was going to ask me the time. Instead, he said he was a police

7、officer and he was arresting me. 我以为他要问我时间，不料他说他是警官，要逮捕我。At first I thought it was some kind of joke. But then another policeman appeared, this time in uniform, and I was left in no doubt. 起先我还以为这是在开玩笑，但又一个警察出现在我的面前，这次是位身着警服的，这一下使我确信无疑了。But what for? I asked. “为什么要抓我?”我问道。Wandering with intent to co

8、mmit an arrestable offence, he said. “到处游荡，企图作案，”他说。What offence? I asked. “作什么案?”我又问。Theft, he said. “偷窃，”他说。Theft of what? I asked. “偷什么?”我追问。Milk bottles, he said, and with a perfectly straight face too! “牛奶瓶，”他板着面孔说道。Oh, I said. “噢，”我说。It turned out there had been a lot of petty thefts in the ar

9、ea, particularly that of stealing milk bottles from doorsteps. 事情原来是这样的，在这一地区多次发生小的扒窃案，特别是从门前台阶上偷走牛奶瓶。Then I made my big mistake. 接着，我犯了一个大错误。At the time I was nineteen, had long untidy hair, and regarded myself as part of the sixties youth countercultrue. 其时我年方19，留一头蓬乱的长发，自认为是60年代“青年反主流文化”的一员。As a

10、result, I want to appear cool and unconcerned with the incident, so I said, How long have you been following me? in the most casual and conversational tone I could manage. 所以我想装出一副冷漠的、对这一事件满不在乎的样子。于是我尽量用一种漫不经心的极其随便的腔调说，“你们跟踪我多久啦?” I thus appeared to them to be quite familiar with this sort of situat

11、ion, and it confirmed them in their belief that I was a thoroughly disreputable character. 这样一来，在他们眼里，我就像是非常熟悉这一套的了，也使他们更加确信我是一个地地道道的坏蛋。A few minutes later a police car arrived. 几分钟后，开来了一辆警车。Get in the back, they said. Put your hands on the back of the front seat and dont move them. “坐到后面去，”他们说。“把手放

12、到前排座位的靠背上，不准挪动。”They got in on either side of me. It wasnt funny any more. 他们分别坐在我的两边。这可再也不是闹着玩的了。At the police station they questioned me for several hours. 在警察局，他们审讯了我好几个小时。 I continued to try to look worldly and au fait with the situation. 我继续装成老于世故、对这种事习以为常。 When they asked me what I had been do

13、ing, I told them Id been looking for a job. 当他们问我在干什么时，我告诉他们在找工作。Aha, I could see them thinking, unemployed. “啊，”我可以想象他们在想，“果然是个失业的家伙。”Eventually, I was officially charged and told to report to Richmond Magistrates Court the following Monday. Then they let me go. 最后，我被正式起诉，并通知我下周一到里士满地方法庭受审。随后他们让我离开

14、。I wanted to conduct my own defence in court, but as soon as my father found out what had happened, he hired a very good solicitor. 我想在法庭上作自我辩护，但父亲知道这事后，马上请了一位高明的律师。We went along that Monday armed with all kinds of witnesses, including my English teacher from school as a character witness. 我们星期一出庭的时

15、候，带了各种各样的证人，其中包括我中学的英语老师，做我人品的见证人。But he was never called on to give evidence. My trial didnt get that far. 但结果法庭没有叫他作证。我的“审判”没有进行到那一步。The magistrate dismissed the case after fifteen minutes. 开庭15分钟，法官就驳回了对我的指控。I was free. The poor police had never stood a chance. 我无罪获释。可怜的警方一点儿赢的机会都没有。The solicitor

16、 even succeeded in getting costs awarded against the police. 我的律师甚至让法庭责成警方承担了诉讼费用。And so I do not have a criminal record. 这样，我的履历上没有留下犯罪的记录。 But what was most shocking at the time was the things my release from the charge so clearly depended on. 但当时最令人震惊的，是那些显然导致宣布我无罪的证据。I had the right accent, resp

17、ectable middle-class parents in court, reliable witnesses, and I could obviously afford a very good solicitor. 我讲话的口音“表明我教养良好”，到庭的有体面的中产阶级的双亲，有可靠的证人，还有，我显然请得起一名很好的律师。Given the obscure nature of the charge, I feel sure that if I had come from a different background, and had really been unemployed, th

18、ere is every chance that I would have been found guilty. 从对我指控的这种捕风捉影的做法来看，我肯定，如果我出身在另一种背景的家庭里，并且真的是失了业的话，我完全可能被判有罪。While asking for costs to be awarded, my solicitors case quite obviously revolved around the fact that I had a brilliant academic record. 当我的律师要求赔偿诉讼费时，他公然把辩护的证据建立在我“学业优异”这一事实上。Meanwhi

19、le, just outside the courtroom, one of the policemen who had arrested me was gloomily complaining to my mother that another youngster had been turned against the police. 与此同时，就在审判室外面，一位抓我的警察正在沮丧地向我母亲抱怨，说是又一个小伙子要跟警察作对了。You could have been a bit more helpful when we arrested you, he said to me reproac

20、hfully. 他带着责备的口气对我说，“我们抓你的时候，你本可以稍微帮点忙的。”What did he mean? 他说这话什么意思?Presumably that I should have looked outraged and said something like, Look here, do you know who youre talking to? I am a highly successful student with a brilliant academic record. How dare you arrest me!大概是说我本该显出愤愤不平的样子，并说，“喂，留神点

21、，你知道你在跟谁说话?我是学业出众的高材生。你敢抓我!”Then they, presumably, would have apologized, perhaps even taken off their caps, and let me on my way. 那样一来，他们或许会向我道歉，说不定还会脱帽致意，让我走开呢。 NEW WORDS brushn. brief fight or encounter 小冲突；小接触 processn. course; method, esp. one used in manufacture 过程；制作法 arbitrarya. based on one

22、s own opinion only, not on reason 任意的；武断的 circumstancen. (usu. pl.) conditions, facts, etc. connected with an event or person 情况，环境 subsequenta. following, later 随后的，接下去的 faten. what will happen or happened to sb. or sth. 命运 duea. expected; supposed (to) 预期的；约定的；到期的 temporarya. lasting only for a li

23、mited time 暂时的 strolla. walk at leisure 散步，闲逛 obviousa. easily seen or understood; clear 明显的，显而易见的 downfalln. ruin 垮台；衰落 employmentn. ones regular work or occupation; job 职业；工作 wandervi. move about without a purpose 闲逛；漫游 commitvt. do (sth. wrong, bad, or unlawful)干（坏事），犯（错误、罪） arrestablea. deservin

24、g to be arrested offence (AmE offense)n. crime; the hurting of feelings; something unpleasant 罪行；冒犯；不愉快的事 straight face a face or expression that shows no emotion, humor, or thought 板着的脸 pettya. small; unimportant 小的；不足道的 doorstepn. a step in front of a door regardvt. consider in the stated way 把看作；

25、把认为(as) counterculturen. a culture, esp. of the young who oppose the traditional standards and customs of their society 反主流文化 unconcerneda. not worried; untroubled; indifferent 无忧虑的；淡漠的 casual a. careless; informal 漫不经心的，随便的 conversationala. of or commonly used in talking 会话（用）的 confirmvt. make cert

26、ain; support 证实，肯定；确定 beliefn. something believed; trust 相信；信念；信仰 thoroughlyad. completely; in every way 完全地，彻底地 thorough a. disreputablea. having or showing a bad character; having a bad name 声名狼籍的 worldlya. experienced in the ways of society 老于世故的 au faita. (F) familiar 熟悉的；精通的 ahaint. a cry of su

27、rprise, satisfaction, etc. 啊哈！ magistrate n. civil officer acting as a judge in the lowest courts 地方法官 conductvt. direct the course of; manage 处理；主持；引导；指挥 defence (AmE defense)n. the act of defending in court the person who has been charged 辨护 solicitorn. (esp. in Britain) lawyer who advises clients

28、 on legal matters and speaks on their behalf in lower courts （初级）律师 witnessn. a person who gives evidence in a court of law; sth. serving as evidence or proof 证人；证据 trialn. the act or fact of examining and deciding a civil or criminal case by a law court 审判 dismissvt. (of a judge) stop (a court case

29、) 驳回，对不予受理 costn. (pl.) the cost of having a matter settled in a law court. esp. that paid to the winning party by the losing party 诉讼费 awardvt. give by a decision in court of law; give or grant by an official decision 判给；授予 accentn. way of speaking typical of the natives or residents of a region, o

30、r of any other group 口音；腔调 respectablea. deserving respect 值得尊敬的 reliablea. that may be relied or depended upon 可靠的，可信赖的 givenprep. taking into account; if allowed or provided with 考虑到；假定 obscurea. not clearly seen or understood 模糊的；晦涩的 guiltya. having broken a law; showing or feeling that one has d

31、one wrong 有罪的；内疚的 revolvev. (cause to) go round in a circle （使）旋转 brillianta. causing great admiration or satisfaction; splendid 辉煌的；卓越的 courtroomn. a room where a law court is held 审判室 meanwhilead. during the same period of time 同时 gloomilyad. depressedly, dejectedly 忧郁地；沮丧地 complainvi. speak in an

32、 unhappy, annoyed, dissatisfied way 抱怨 complaint n. reproachfullyad. 责备地 presumablyad. probably outragevt. arouse anger or resentment by injury or insult 引起的气愤 successfula. having done what one has tried to do; having gained a high position in life, ones job. etc. 成功的；有成就的 apologizevi. say one is so

33、rry 道歉，谢罪apology n.道歉，歉意 PHRASES & EXPRESSIONS take sb. to court start an action in law against sb. 对某人提出诉讼 a couple of (informal) a small number of, a few, usually two 少数，几（个）； 一对 save up keep for future use; put money away in the form of savings 储蓄 take ones time do sth. in a leisurely manner; not

34、 hurry 慢慢来，不着急 at first at the beginning 起先 turn out prove to be 结果；证明是 call on ask (sb.) to do sth. esp. formally 要求 stand a chance have an opportunity; be likely to do or get sth. 有机会，有希望 revolve around have as a center or main subject围绕 turn against (cause to) oppose, be hostile to PROPER NAMES R

35、ichmond 里士满（英国地名） Richmond Magistrates Court 里士满地方法院Unit 3 TextEvery teacher probably asks himself time and again: What are the reasons for choosing teaching as a career? 也许每位教师都一再问过自己：为什么选择教书作为自己的职业？Do the rewards teaching outweigh the trying comments? Answering these questions is not a simple task

36、. Lets see what the author says. 教书得到的回报是否使老师的烦恼显得不值得多谈？回答这些问题并非易事。让我们看看本文的作者说了些什么。 Why I Teach 我为什么当教师Peter G. BeidlerWhy do you teach? My friend asked the question when I told him that I didnt want to be considered for an administrative position. 你为什么要教书呢? 当我告诉一位朋友我不想谋求行政职务时，他便向我提出这一问题。He was puzz

37、led that I did not want what was obviously a step up toward what all Americans are taught to want when they grow up: money and power. 所有美国人受的教育是长大成人后应该追求金钱和权力，而我却偏偏不要明明是朝这个目标“迈进”的工作，他为之大惑不解。Certainly I dont teach because teaching is easy for me. 当然，我之所以教书不是因为我觉得教书轻松。Teaching is the most difficult of

38、 the various ways I have attempted to earn my living: mechanic, carpenter, writer. 我做过各种各样的工作，籍以谋生：机修工、木工、作家，教书是其中最难的一行。For me, teaching is a red-eye, sweaty-palm, sinking-stomach profession. 对我来说，教书是个会令人熬红眼睛、手掌出汗、精神沮丧的职业。 Red-eye, because I never feel ready to teach no matter how late I stay up pre

39、paring. 说熬红眼睛，这是因为我晚上无论备课备到多晚，总觉得备得还不充分。Sweaty-palm, because Im always nervous before I enter the classroom, sure that I will be found out for the fool that I am. 说手掌出汗，这是因为我跨进教室之前总是非常紧张，自认为学生一定会发觉原来我是个傻瓜蛋。Sinking-stomach, because I leave the classroom an hour later convinced that I was even more bo

40、ring than usual. 说精神沮丧，这是因为我1小时后走出教室时，确信这堂课上得比平常还要平淡无味。Nor do I teach because I think I know answers, or because I have knowledge I feel compelled to share. 我之所以教书，也不是因为我认为自己能够解答问题，或者因为我有满腹学问，觉得非与别人分享不可。Sometimes I am amazed that my students actually take notes on what I say in class! 有时我感到很惊异，学生竟真的

41、把我课上讲的东西做了笔记!Why, then, do I teach? 这样说来，我为什么还要教书呢?I teach because I like the pace of the academic calendar. June, July, and August offer an opportunity for reflection, research and writing. 我教书，是因为我喜爱校历的步调。6月、7月和8月提供了一个供思考、研究和创作的机会。I teach because teaching is a profession built on change. When the

42、material is the same, I change and, more important, my students change. 我教书，是因为教学是建立在“变化”这一基础上的职业。教材还是原来的教材，但我自身却变化了-更重要的是，我的学生变化了。I teach because I like the freedom to make my own mistakes, to learn my own lessons, to stimulate myself and my students. 我教书，是因为我喜欢有让自己犯错误的自由，有让自己吸取教训的自由，有激励自己和激励学生的自由。

43、As a teacher, Im my own boss. If I want my freshmen to learn to write by creating their own textbook, who is to say I cant? 作为教师，我可以自行做主。如果我想要求一年级学生通过自行编写课本的办法来学习写作，谁能说我不可以那样做呢? Such courses may be huge failures, but we can all learn from failures. 这样的课程也许会彻底失败，但我们都可以从失败的尝试中获得教益。I teach because I li

44、ke to ask questions that students must struggle to answer. 我教书，是因为我喜欢向学生提出必须绞尽脑汁才能回答的问题。The world is full of right answers to bad questions. While teaching, I sometimes find good questions. 我们这个世界有无穷无尽的正确答案来对付拙劣的问题。何况我在教学过程中有时也会想到一些出色的问题。I teach because I enjoy finding ways of getting myself and my

45、students out of the ivory tower and into the real world. 我教书，是因为我喜欢想方设法使自己和我的学生从象牙塔里走出来，步入现实世界。I once taught a course called Self-Reliance in a Technological Society. My 15 students read Emerson, Thoreau, and Huxley. They kept diaries. They wrote term papers. 我曾经开过一门叫做“在工业技术社会里如何自力更生”的课程。我教的15位学生读了爱

46、默生、梭洛和赫胥黎的作品，记了日记，还写了学期论文。But we also set up a corporation, borrowed money, purchased a run-down house and practiced self-reliance by renovating it. 但除此而外，我们还办起一个公司，借钱买下一所破旧的房屋，通过对这一建筑物的整修翻新，我们就自力更生这一课题进行了一次实践活动。At the end of the semester, we sold the house, repaid our loan, paid our taxes, and dist

47、ributed the profits among the group. 在期末我们把房子卖掉，还清贷款，缴了税，余下的收益分给了参加实践的学生。So teaching gives me pace, and variety, and challenge, and the opportunity to keep on learning. 所以说，教学使我的工作进程有了规律，使我的生活变得丰富多彩，教学向我提出了挑战，也给了我不断学习的机会。I have left out, however, the most important reasons why I teach. 不过，我要教书的最重要的几

48、个原因还没有讲到呢。One is Vicky. My first doctoral student, Vicky was an energetic student who labored at her dissertation on a little-known 14th century poet. 其中一个原因与维基有关。维基是我的第一个博士生。她精力充沛，孜孜不倦地撰写她那篇论述14世纪一位不知名诗人的学位论文。She wrote articles and sent them off to learned journals. She did it all herself, with an

49、occasional nudge from me. 她写过一些文章，寄给了学术刊物。这一切都由她独立完成，我偶尔从旁略加指点。But I was there when she finished her dissertation, learned that her articles were accepted, got a job and won a fellowship to Harvard working on a book developing ideas shed first had as my student. 我亲眼看到了她完成论文，看到了她得悉自己的文章被采用，亲眼目睹她找到了工作

50、并获得了在哈佛大学当研究员的职位，著书论述她在做我学生时萌发的思想。Another reason is George, who started as an engineering student, then switched to English because he decided he liked people better than things. 另一个原因与乔治有关。他开始学的是工程学，后来他深信自己爱人胜过爱物，所以改学英语。There is Jeanne, who left college, but was brought back by her classmates becau

51、se they wanted her to see the end of the self-reliance house project. 还有珍妮。她中途辍学，但是她的同学把她拉了回来，因为他们想让她看到自力更生整修旧房子这一项目的结果。I was there when she came back. I was there when she told me that she later became interested in the urban poor and went on to become a civil rights lawyer. 我亲眼看到她回来了。我亲耳听到她对我说，她后来

52、对城市贫民产生了兴趣，继而成了捍卫公民权的律师。There is Jacqui, a cleaning woman who knows more by intuition than most of us learn by analysis. 还要提一提清洁女工杰基。她凭直觉了解的事情比我们多数人通过分析弄清的东西还要多。Jacqui has decided to finish high school and go to college. 杰基已经决定读完中学，然后还要上大学。These are the real reasons I teach, these people who grow an

53、d change in front of me. 这些在我眼前成长、变化的人，便是我要当教师的真正原因。Being a teacher is being present at the creation, when the clay begins to breathe. 当一名教师意味着是创造的见证人，他目睹人体开始呼吸，开始了生命。A promotion out of teaching would give me money and power. But I have money. “升职了”，不再教书了，也许会给我带来金钱和权力。 I get paid to do what I enjoy:

54、 reading, talking with people, and asking question like, What is the point of being rich? 可是我现在也有钱。我拿了薪金去做自己乐意做的事：读书、交谈、提问，比如问：“做个富翁有什么意思呢?”And I have power. I have the power to nudge, to fan sparks, to suggest books, to point out a pathway. What other power matters? 我现在还有权呢。我有权启迪，有权激发才智，有权开出书目，有权指点

55、迷津。还有其他什么权力更值得考虑呢?But teaching offers something besides money and power: it offers love. 但教书还会带来金钱和权力以外的东西：那便是爱。Not only the love of learning and of books and ideas, but also the love that a teacher feels for that rare student who walks into a teachers life and begins to breathe. 不仅是爱学习、爱书本、爱思想，而且还有

56、老师对出类拔萃的学生的爱。这样的学生走进了老师的生活，老师自己也开始成长了。Perhaps love is the wrong word: magic might be better. “爱”这个字也许用得不恰当：用“魔力”可能更为贴切。I teach because, being around people who are beginning to breathe, I occasionally find myself catching my breath with them. 我教书，是因为在与开始成长的学生朝夕相处时，我有时感到自己也和他们一起开始成长了。 NEW WORDS administrativea. of the management of affairs 行政的，管理的 administrationn. 管理（部门），行政（机关） puzzlevt. fill with doubt and confusion 使