英汉翻译教程 自考英语

1、Unit 1,Lesson 3 我和文学,巴金简介,巴金原名李尧棠，现代文学家、出版家、翻译家。 也被誉为是“五四”新文化运动以来最有影响的作家之一，是20世纪中国杰出的文学大师、中国当代文坛的巨匠。 主要作品包括：激流三部曲家、春、秋 和爱情三部曲雾雨电 。,1982年获“国际但丁文学奖”。 其中家是他的代表作，也是我国现代文学史上最卓越的作品之一。 2005年10月17日19时零6分在上海逝世，享年101岁。,Important sentences and phrases,有一位日本作家问我你怎么同时喜欢各种流派的作家和作品呢？ A Japanese author asked me how

2、 I was able to appreciate authors and books of so many different schools. 原文为间接引语，不用引号，句末用问号，这是汉语行文习惯。翻译为英语时虽然是间接引语，但句末用句号。,Important sentences and phrases,唯其不是文学家，我就不受文学规律的限制。 我不是文学家，不属于任何派别，所以我就不受限制。 As long as Im not a man of letters, Im not subject to any rules of literature. Tip：唯其：正因为 受。限制：be

3、subjected to,Important sentences and phrases,一切旧的传统观念， 一切阻止社会进步和人性成长的不合理的制度。 all outmoded traditional thinking； any irrational system which obstructs social progress or human development Outmoded与old 的区别：陈旧的 不合时代的传统观念,我所有的作品都是写来控诉、揭露、攻击这些敌人的。 All my books were written with the express purpose of den

4、ouncing, exposing and striking out at these enemies of mine. Tips：翻译时把三个并列的动词做抽象名词purpose的定语， with the purpose 作动词write的状语。反之，在英译汉时把抽象名词处理成动词的形式。 词类转换 Express：明确的 迅速的,我觉得有一根鞭子在抽打我的心， 又觉得仿佛有什么鬼魂借我的笔为自己伸冤一样。 I felt as if my mind was being whipped， as if a ghost had commandeered my pen and was writing

5、to redress the injustices it had suffered. Tip：本句强调心被鞭子抽打，而不是被什么人抽打，为突出承受者，翻译用whip的被动结构。 增译it had suffered 把暗含的冤屈之意体现出来了。,Important sentences and phrases,常常绝望地乱搔头发 Often despondently scratched my head.,我说我写作如同在生活，又说作品的最高境界是写作同生活的一致，是作家同人的一致，主要的意思是不说谎。,When I say that I write like I live, and that th

6、e highest ideal a work of literature can attain is to be at one with life, and that an author should be able to identify with his readers, I basically mean that books and their authors should never tell lies.,Important sentences and phrases,我最近还在另一个地方说过：艺术的最高境界是无技巧。 Ive also said recently on another

7、 occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness. 地方：occasion不是具体的地点而是一种场合 艺术的最高境界：名词加定语从句的形式the highest state to which art can attain 无技巧：artlessness,长得好看的人用不着浓妆艳抹， 而我的文章就像一个丑八怪， 不打扮， 看起来倒还顺眼些。 Physically attractive people dont need heavy make-up. Though my writing resembles

8、an ugly monster， it actually looks a little better without any embellishment.,我最恨那些盗名欺世， 欺骗读者的谎言。 What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies. Tip：主干？ 仔细分析可以看出谎言本身不会欺骗读者，也不会盗名欺世。此处为用谎言来欺骗读者 盗名欺世的写作的人。 使用主语从句强调最恨的内容,exercises,1. 文学流派 School of literature 2.

9、平民文学 Popular literature 3. 原文: 前两天有一位日本作家问我怎么同时喜欢各种流派的作家和作品呢？ 译文：Two days ago, a Japanese author asked me how I was able to like authors and books of so many different schools. 改译： Two days ago, a Japanese author asked me how I was able to appreciate authors and books of so many different schools.,4

10、. man of letters 文学家 5.我最恨那些欺名盗世、欺骗读者的谎言。 A. That I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies. B. Whatever I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies. C. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers they deceive the p

11、ublic with their lies. D. What I hate most are those glory-seeking writers who deceive the public with their lies.,6.儿童文学 Child literature 7.文学界 Literary circle 8. 副教授 associate professor,9. 一切文学家、艺术家只有联系群众，表现群众，把自己当作群众忠实的代言人，他们的工作才有意义。 Which of the following translation versions is NOT correct? A.

12、No writers or artists can do any significant work unless they are closely linked with the masses, give expressions to their thoughts and feelings, and serve them as loyal spokesmen. B. All writers and artists only link with masses, express masses and speak loyally for masses, their work can be signi

13、ficant. C. Only by being closely linked with masses, expressing their thoughts and feelings and serving them as loyal spokesmen can writers and artists do any significant work. D. Writers or artists cant do any significant work if they are not closely linked with masses, portrait them or serve them

14、as loyal spokesmen.,10. 我最近还在另一个地方说过：艺术的最好境界是无技巧。 A. Ive also said recently on another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness. B. Ive also said recently in another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness. C. Ive also said recently in ano

15、ther place that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness. D. Ive also said recently in another occasion that the highest state to which art can attain is skilllessness.,11.原文：他说：“我不是文学家，不属于任何派别，所以我不受限制。 译文： He said, I am not a man of letters, either do I belong to any particular scho

16、ol. Thus I am not restricted in any way.” 改译：He said, I am not a man of letters, nor do I belong to any particular school. Thus I am not restricted in any way.”,我的文章就像一个丑八怪，不打扮，看起来倒还顺眼些。【 】,A. My writing resembles an ugly monster, and it actually looks a little better without any embellishment. B. M

17、y writing resembles an ugly monster, and so it actually looks a little better without any embellishment. C. Though my writing resembles an ugly monster, it actually looks a little better without any embellishment. D. My writing not only resembles an ugly monster, but also looks a little better witho

18、ut any embellishment.,She is an absolutely one-man wife.,A、她是一个绝对地只要一个男人的妻子。 B、她是一个忠实的妻子，绝对地只有一个男人。 C、她是一个忠实的妻子，坚信从一而终的信念。,5. She is a good washer.,A. 她是一个好洗衣人。 B她洗衣服洗得好。 C 她洗衣服总是洗得很干净。,Lesson 3 重点短语,1. 各种流派的 different schools 2. 前两天 a few days ago 3. 受限制 be restricted/be subjected to 4. 传统观念 tradit

19、ional thinking,5. 不合理的制度 irrational system 6. 最高境界 the highest state 7. 浓妆艳抹 heavy make up 8. 主人公 chief character/principal character 9. 花言巧语 flowery language 10. 社会进步和人性发展 social progress and human development,词义的选择,小练习,kill 和“杀”,如：kill 和“杀” Kill millions of innocent people Three men were killed in

20、 the accident. Im reading this book just to kill time. The engine was killed by the flood.,杀人 丧生 消磨时间 熄火,英文中的“soft”这个词,Soft pillow soft music soft drink soft word soft fire,软枕 轻柔的音乐 不含酒精的饮料 和蔼的话语 文火,从例子中可以看出：汉语的“杀”一般指的是“杀人，杀猪，杀虫”等具体意义上的“杀”，而英语中 “kill” 一词的含义则要宽泛的多。同样，汉语词汇当中也有语义范围比英语中相近词汇大得多的情况。,“事”,如

21、：“事”这个词 真是想不到的事！ What a surprise! 国家大事 national affairs 我可以举出好几件事来证明。 I can cite quite a few instances to illustrate it. 那是件普通的小事。 That is an ordinary incident.,2. 词的内涵意义不同 内涵意义是指词汇除了在字典中的概念意义之外在人的头脑中产生的某种联想。汉英词语的内涵意义由于历史文化、自然环境的不同而产生了很大的区别。 如：“荷花” 汉语：出淤泥而不染的君子之风 英语：lotus flower 仅仅是一种普通的花而已,“硬道理”,发展是硬道理。 “硬道理” 不能译成 hard reason，而应该根据句意翻译成 Development is of overriding importance. 或者 Development is the absolu