2018-2019学年江苏省南京市玄武区八年级(上)期末英语试卷解析版

1、2018-20192018-2019学年江苏省南京市玄武区八年级（上）期末英语试卷学年江苏省南京市玄武区八年级（上）期末英语试卷 一、单选题（本大题共 1010小题，共 10.010.0分） 1.When I was working on a Maths problem，a good idea went _ my head （） A.overB.inC.aboutD.through 【答案】D 【解析】正确答案：D 根据题干可知说话人正在解一道数学题，一个好想法出现在他的脑海里，其中go through 表示经过、通过， 故选：D 当我正在解一道数学题时，一个好想法出现在我脑海中 本题考查介词

2、短语固定搭配，熟悉常见的介词短语，并根据题干即可作出选择 2.-Wow!Youve got so many clothes，Kate! -But _ of them are in fashion now，I still cant find the most-loved one!（） A.allB.bothC.noneD.neither 【答案】C 【解析】答案为 C本题主要考察不定代词的用法all 三个及三个以上都；both两者都；none没有人，一 个也没；neither 两者都不由 but及上句的 so many可推出很多衣服都不时髦啦，故用none表全否定故 选 C - 哇！你已经有如此

3、多的衣服，凯特- 但是现在他们当中没有一件时髦的，我仍然没有找到我最喜爱的 一件 本题主要考察不定代词的用法，明确选项词汇的意义及用法结合语境即可知答案 3.According to the air traffic rules，you should _ your mobile phone before boarding（） A.switch onB.switch offC.put onD.put off 【答案】B 【解析】正确答案：BA 表示打开、启动，B 表示关闭、切断，C 是穿上、播放、增加等，D 是拖延根 据题干可知根据空中交通管制规则，在登机前应该关闭手机，故选择B 根据空中交通管制

4、规则，在登机前应该关闭手机 本题考查动名词短语辨析，基础题，熟悉每个选项的含义，再根据题干进行选择 4.-Did the magazine give the information you needed？ -YesBut _ it，I had to read the whole magazine（） A.findB.findingC.to findD.found 【答案】C 【解析】答案：C 本题考查非谓语动词的用法根据语境推测答语的句意是是的，但是为了找到（信息），我必须阅读整本 杂志由于设空处在句子中表目的，所以用动词不定式形式，故选C - 那本杂志给了你需要的信息了吗？ - 是的，但是为

5、了找到（信息），我必须阅读整本杂志 本题考查非谓语动词的用法，抓住句中的关键词并联系相关的语法知识可得出正确的答案平时注意对此 类短语或句式用法的总结与归纳 5.Vivien worked very hard at all her lessons_，she became the top student in her class（） 【解析】答案：B考查介词短语句意费雯在所有功课上都很努力，结果她成了班里的尖子生A 为 了B 结果C 像往常一样D 例如结合语境学习努力，可知应该是结果成为尖子生答案是B，其它 不符合 费雯在所有功课上都很努力，结果她成了班里的尖子生 考查介词短语，在日常学习中要积

6、累一些介词短语的固定用法，结合语境，选择合适的形式完成试题 6.The structure of the sentenceDaniel bought his mother a scarf is_ （） A.S+V+DOB.S+V+PC.S+V+IO + DOD.S+V+DO+OC 【答案】C 【解析】答案：CDaniel是主语，S；bought是谓语 V ；his mother 是间接宾语，IO；a scarf 是直接宾语 DO 故选 C 这个句子的结构是丹妮给他妈妈买了一条围巾主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 此题考查句子结构，根据句子成分分析便可得出正确答案 7.-Mum ， I dont

7、quite understand the English saying Every dog has its day -Dear ， dont worry the years go by， you will get to know it（） A.WhenB.WhileC.SinceD.As 【答案】D 【解析】when 什么时间；while当时候；since自从；as随着；此题根据语境随着时间的发展，你就会 明白的可知用从属连词随着 as 故选：D 妈妈，我不明白这句英语谚语风水轮流转是什么意思 亲爱的，不要担心，随着时间的发展，你就会明白的 此题考察从属连词，在理解从属连词意思和用法基础上，结

8、合语境，仔细分析，便可得出正确答案 8.- I dont see you at the party yesterday - I for my friends at the gate at that time（） A.was waitingB.waitedC.am waitingD.wait 【答案】A 【解析】根据句意：-我昨天在晚会上没有看到你-那时我正在大门口等我的朋友由 at that time可知时态 为过去进行时 were/was+doing 故选：A -我昨天在晚会上没有看到你 -那时我正在大门口等我的朋友 熟悉过去进行时的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案 9.Which of the

9、 following ones can be a newspaper headline？（） A.Big storm killed 40 people B.US farmers hope more pork bought C.The International Ice Festival opens in Arxan D.An earthquake kills hundreds of people in Indonesia 【答案】B 【解析】根据所给选项，可知英文标题一般不用过去时， 所以 A 不对同时标题会省略冠词，排除 C、D 故选：B 以下哪一个可以作为报纸的标题？ 本题考查英文常识，做

10、此类题时，注意句子的书写，时态及单词的形式，从而选出正确答案A.In order to 【答案】B B.As a resultC.As usualD.For example 第 1 页，共 8 页 10. - Im afraid I cant go swimming with you tomorrow You know， the exam is around the corner - Really？（） A.Youre welcome B.Thats nothing C.What a pity!D.No problem 【答案】C Youre welcome 别客气； Thats nothin

11、g 那没什么； what a pity!真可惜/ 遗憾！ ； No problem 【解析】 ， - 真的吗？真遗憾！ 可知， 没关系/ 问题由题干- 恐怕我不能和你一起去游泳 你知道， 考试快到了 空格是真遗憾！，用 what a pity!，因此答案应是 what a pity! 故选：C - 恐怕明天我不能和你一起去游泳你知道，考试快到了- 真的吗？没关系 本题考查情景对话，在熟知所供词的含义基础上，根据句意，从而判断出正确答案 二、补全对话（本大题共1 1 小题，共 5.05.0分） 11. 根据短文内容，选择适当的短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填 in danger take

12、 action leads to less and lessas much as possible A ： Hello What are you looking at？ B： It is a picture of polar bears They are (1) A ： Why does it happen？ B：Nowadays，more and more fuels are burnt and many cars give out the gasThis (2) the rise in temperature all over the world A ： Oh ， I see As a r

13、esult， there is (3) ice in the Arctic Circle（北极圈） They will have no place to live B：Also，they have to swim far to hunt for foodIt is much more difficult than before So I think its important for us to (4) to protect them right away A ： We can advise people to use cars less and use clean energy (5) B：

14、 I cant agree more 【答案】【小题 1】in danger 【小题 2】leads to 【小题 3】less and less 【小题 4】take action 【小题 5】as much as possible 【解析】1in danger考查介词短语句意它们_根据上一句 It is a picture of polar bears 它是北极熊的 照片及所给单词，可知，应该是in danger 在危险中填 in danger 2leads to考查动词短语句意这_全球气温升高根据所给单词，可知，应该是导致主语 this 这， 一般现在时态，谓语动词用lead的第三人称单

15、数 leads 填 leads to 3 less and less 考查比较级 句意 结果， 在北极圈由_冰 根据 2 空处 This leads to the rise in temperature all over the world这导致全球气温升高及所给单词，可知，应该是越来越少填 less and less 4take action考查动词短语句意所以我认为我们应该立即_保护他们根据所给单词，可知，应该 是采取行动不定式 to后用动词原形 take 填 take action 5as much as possible考查搭配句意我们可以建议人们少用汽车，_用清洁能源根据所给单词，可

16、 知，应该是尽可能多填 as much as possible 这是两个人关于保护北极熊的对话，主要介绍北极熊正处于危险之中由于越来越多的燃料被燃烧，许多 汽车也在燃烧汽油，这导致全球气温升高北极圈的冰越来越少了，北极熊就没有地方住了，而且很难寻 找食物，所以我们必须立即采取行动保护它们 选词填空，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解结合语境，根据所 给单词，选择合适的词完成答案 三、完形填空（本大题共1010 小题，共 10.010.0分） There are about 6，000 languages spoken around the world But 43

17、 percent of them (12) dying out， according to UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） If we do(13)， some of these languages will become extinct（灭绝的） Languages become endangered for many (14) One of that some communities of native speakers of the languages no longer exist（存在） These people Sometimes(15) their communities an

18、d move to cities or towns (16) ， the languages of main cultures may drive other languages into extinction To get better jobs， young people have to learn dominant languages more than their own languages Dominant languages (17)English，French and Mandarin Once a language dies， it rarely comes back to l

19、ife In September the US state of Alaska announced that the loss of indigenous languages was an emergency（紧急事件） It is now working to give (18) life to such languages China is trying to protect its languages About 130 languages are spoken in China and this (19) is even bigger than that of the ethnic g

20、roups（民族） in the country In the year of 2015， the government started a project to (20)all the languages spoken in China Universities like Minzu University of China have created minority language majors （专业） for their students All languages are a form of human heritage When we lose a language，we lose

21、 the worldview and culture（遗产） of the people who spoke it Language itself is often the only way to convey（传递） a certain communitys (21) and culture， as well as its knowledge of things like math and geography 12. A.amB.isC.areD.be 13. A.noneB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing 14. A.ideasB.reasonsC.problem

22、sD.mistakes 15. A.lendB.leaveC.moveD.go 16. A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ButD.Because 17. A.ownB.haveC.includeD.introduce 18. A.goodB.badC.newD.interesting 19. A.typeB.numberC.memberD.way 20. A.rememberB.replyC.recordD.receive 21. A.priceB.countryC.historyD.information 【答案】 【小题1】C 【小题6】C 【小题2】D 【小题7】C 【小题3】

23、B 【小题8】B 【小题4】B 【小题9】C 【小题5】B 【小题10】D 【解析】1C考查 be动词A 通常与 I连用B 单数B 复数D 原形句意但是 43% 的语言正在逐渐 消失分数做主语，them代指 languages 语言，用复数 are 选 C 2D 考查不定代词A 没有人B 任何事情C 一些事情D 没有事情句意如果我们_做，这些语言 中的一些就会灭绝可知，do nothing 什么都不做选 D 3B考查名词A 想法B 原因C 问题D 错误句意语言因许多_而变得快要灭绝根据下一句 Oneof thatsome communities of native speakers of th

24、e languages no longer exist（存在）其中一个是以某 种语言为母语的一些团体已不复存在可知，应该是 原因选 B 4B考查动词A 借B 离开C 移动D 去句意这些人有时_他们的团体，搬到城市或城镇可知， 应该是离开选 B 5B考查副词A 然而B 此外C 但是D 因为句意这些人有时会离开他们的团体，搬到城市或城 镇_，主要文化的语言可能会使其他语言灭绝可知，应该是此外选 B 6C考查动词A 拥有B 有C 包括D 介绍句意主要语言_英语、法语和普通话可知，应该是 包括选 C 7C考查形容词 A 好的 B 坏的 C 新的D 有趣的 句意现在它正在努力为这些语言赋予_生命根 据上

25、一句 In September the US state of Alaska announced that the loss of indigenous languages was an emergency（紧急事件）在 9 月，美国阿拉斯加州宣布土著语言的丧失是一种紧急事件可知，应该 是新的选 C 8B考查名词A 类型B 数目C 成员D 方法句意在中国，大约有 130种语言，这个_甚至超过 第 2 页，共 8 页 了中国的少数民族可知，应该是数目选 B 9C考查动词A 记得B 回复C 记录D 接收句意2015年，政府启动了一个项目，_所有在中国 说的语言可知，应该是记录选 C 10D 考查名

26、词A 价格B 国家C 历史D 信息句意语言本身往往是传达某个团体_和文化的唯 一途径根据最后一段第二句When we lose a language， we lose the worldview and culture of the people who spoke it 当我们失去一门语言时，我们就失去了讲它的人的世界观和文化可知，应该是信息选 D 这是一篇社会文化类阅读，主要介绍联合国教科文组织的数据显示，全世界大约有6000种语言在使用，但 其中 43% 的语言正在逐渐消失如果我们什么都不做，其中一些语言将会灭绝美国和中国正在努力赋予 自己国家的这些语言以新的生命所有语言都是人类遗产的一

27、种形式当我们失去一种语言时，我们就失 去了说它的人的世界观和文化 完形填空题型，抓住文章的大意，根据上下文猜意思结合语境，根据所给选项，判断合适的时态，人称， 句型，词性、单复数变化等选择合适答案 四、阅读理解（本大题共1515 小题，共 15.015.0分） Mother Parrots Advice to her Children Never get up till the sun gets up， Or the mists will give you a cold，And a parrot whose lungs have once been touched Will never liv

28、e to be old Never eat plums that are not quite ripe， For perhaps they will give you a pain； And never dispute what the hornbill says ， Or youll never dispute again Never despise the power of speech； Learn every word as it comes， For this is the pride of the parrot race， That it speaks in a thousand

29、tongues Never stay up when the sun goes down， But sleep in your own bed， And if youve been good， as a parrot should， You will dream that your tail is red Notes Dispute ： Do not agree with what someone says 24. What does the word hornbill mean in the second stanza（诗节）？ _ A.A kind of food B.A kind of

30、bird C.A kind of language D.A kind of music 25. Which of the following is the most suitable（合适的）to show the rhyme（韵律） of the last stanza？ _ A A City Beijing Moscow Min（ C） Max（ C） Weather -6 -10 2 0 City New York Tokyo Min（ C） Max（ C） Weather -1 4 7 9 London611Perth1827 A.AAABB.AABBC.ABBBD.ABAB 26.

31、What does the mother parrot advise her children to do？ _ A.Eat as much as possible B.Learn languages all the time C.Never speak with each other D.Get up early in the morning 【答案】 【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】B 【解析】1B 细节理解题，根据 And never dispute what the hornbill says永远不要反驳其他鸟说的话，因 为前面说了是鹦鹉妈妈给孩子们的忠告，因此鹦鹉的同类应该是鸟，在

32、这里应该是指某种鸟，故选B 2D 内容推断题，题目要求选择最合适的韵律显示诗歌的最后一节，诗歌的最后一节由 Never stay up when the sun goes down开始， 一直到 You will dream that your tail is red， 因为第 2句中bed 与结尾句red 对应，ABAB式符合要求，故选 D 3B 内容推断题，根据 Learn every word as it comes， For this is the pride of the parrot race， That it speaks in a thousand tongues学会每一个单词

33、，因为这是鹦鹉种 族的骄傲，因为它能说一千种语言，可知鹦鹉妈妈希望孩子能一直学习语言，故选B 鹦鹉妈妈给孩子们的忠告是 太阳不出来就不要起床，否则雾气会使你着凉的 永远不要吃不太熟的李子，因为它们可能会给你带来痛苦； 永远不要反驳其他鸟说的话，否则你永远不会再反驳了 永远不要轻视语言的力量；学会每一个单词，因为这是鹦鹉种族的骄傲，因为它能说一千种语言 太阳下山时不要熬夜，要睡在自己的床上如果你表现好，就像鹦鹉应该做的那样，你会梦见自己的尾巴 是红色的 阅读中注意文后的问题，然后带着问题再读短文，找出与答题内容相关语句，反复阅读，反复分析，然后 确定答案阅读中要善于从短文信息中总结推测出所需答案

34、，注意所填答案与短文中相关语句的关系，与 相关单词短语的关系 Paris610Toronto-81 22. How was the weather in the capital of the UK？ _ A.CloudyB.SunnyC.Foggy 23. Perth may be a city in _ A.RussiaB.JapanC.Canada 【答案】 【小题1】B【小题2】D D.Rainy D.Australia 【解析】1B 细节理解题，题目询问英国首都的天气怎么样？，因为英国首都为伦敦，从表格中可知伦 敦的天气符号是太阳，代表晴天，故选B 2D 内容推断题根据表格可知Pert

35、h的气温为 18-27度，气温较高，应是夏天或者在低纬度地区，且根 据表格上我们可以看到北京、莫斯科、纽约最低温都在零度以下，可知北半球为冬天，那么南半球应为夏 季，4 个选项中只有澳大利亚位于南半球， ABC 三个地方皆位于北半球且纬度较高，可推断Perth在澳大利 亚，故选 D 这是一幅天气图，讲了各个城市的天气以及气温 本文是用表格的形式展现，先大致了解表格内容，根据题目去表格中找到答案 C C The worlds longest cross-seabridge-the 55-km-long HongKong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge （HZMB）opened

36、on Oct 24，2018The Guardian described it as one of the seven wonders of the modern worldConstruction （建筑工程）on the HZMB began in 2009 and cost about 120 billion yuan The bridge links Hong Kong and Macao to the Chinese mainland city of Zhuhai， CGTN reported The HZMB is unique in many ways Its designed

37、to have a service life of 120 years， 20 years longer than most B B 第 3 页，共 8 页 bridges And its not just a bridge， but also part tunnel（隧道） and part island In one section， the bridge turns into a 6.7-km undersea tunnel that passes through two man-made islands The tunnel is the worlds longest undersea

38、 tunnel for road traffic， allowing large ships to continue passing through the sea area above the tunnel The bridges engineers had to think of many environmental factors（因素）in order to protect the surrounding（周 围的） environment while building the bridge Chinese white dolphins， an endangered species t

39、hat lives in the area ， were a particular concern（关注） The HZMB will make it much more convenient to travel between the three areas it connects It will shorten the travel time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai from four hours to about 45minutes By drawing local cities and regions closer together， the bridge w

40、ill help in the areas development It is expected to drive the economic（经济的） development of Hong Kong， Macao and nine Guangdong cities， South China Morning Post noted order to protect the surrounding（周围的） environment while building the bridge为了保护周围的环境，在建 立桥梁的时候，桥梁的工程师必须考虑很多环境因 素 Chinese white dolphin

41、s， an endangered species that lives in the area， were a particular concern （关注）中 国白海豚，一种濒临绝种的物种也生活在这个区域，是受到特殊关注的可知工程师要考虑动物，服务年 限，风的速度，在右侧图片有相关信息， 肯定也是需要工程师考虑的 但是没有涉及到新闻媒体 故选 D （4）A 细节理解题，根据原文 And its not just a bridge， but also part tunnel（隧道） and part island，且它 不仅仅是一座桥梁，它也是部分隧道和部分岛屿，故选A （5）B细节理解题，根

42、据原文，The worlds longest cross-seabridge-the 55-km-long HongKong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge （HZMB） opened on Oct 24， 2018 世界上最长的跨海桥，长有55千 米长的港珠澳大桥在 2018年 10月 24日开始运 The Guardian described it as one of the seven wonders of the modern world英国卫报描述它是现代世界的营 7 奇迹之一故选 B 本文是一篇任务型阅读，主要介绍了港珠澳大桥的相关事情，如桥的特点，特殊的设计，设计时候注意

43、事 项等等展开 考查英语知识的综合运用， 答题前一定要弄懂全文， 然后再动手解答问题 答题过程中， 注意联系前后文， 结合短文内容，完成各小题的解答 D 27. How long does it take to travel from Hong Kong to Zhuhai through HZMB？ _ A.4 hoursB.2 hoursC.1.5 hoursD.45 minutes 28. What does the word unique in Paragraph Two possibly mean？ _ A.usualB.specialC.beautifulD.interesting

44、 29. The bridges engineers have to think of all these things EXCEPT（除了） _ Lighting is one of the most beautiful natural phenomena（现象）It is also one of the most deadly phenomenaA bolt of lightning is six times hotter than the surface（表面） of the Sun and gives out 30，000 amps of electricity （电） It can

45、travel at 100，000 kilometres per hour and has the ability to hit a target up to 40 kilometre away About 1 ，000 people around the world are killed by lightning every day Only about ten percent of people struck by lightening will actually die，but the others are actually very badly injured， with burns，

46、broken bones ，blindness ，deafness ，paralysis，or memory lossHowever，when the electricity passes through their brain，it can occasionally have unusual and even positive effectsSome blind people have got their sight back after being struck by lightning One woman said a psychological test showed her inte

47、lligence（智 力） had greatly improved， and one man said he could no longer feel cold at all and could go out in temperature below freezing in just a T-shirt! So what should you do to stay safe in a thunderstorm？ The most important rule is to stay inside，but do not go near phones， electrical appliances，

48、 plumbing， or water If you are stuck outside， do not take shelter under a tree Instead ， roll yourself up into a ball on the ground as small as possible And do not think it has to be raining in order for lightning to strike Strangely ， lightning seems to prefer some people to others If you are a man

49、， you are six times more likely to be struck by lightning than a woman! 32. What docs the phrase positive effects in Paragraph Two possibly mean？ _ A.something goodB.something bad C.something usefulD.something useless 33. In order to stay safe in a thunderstorm， you should do the following EXCEPT（除了

50、） _ A.stay insideB.roll up into a ball C.take shelter under a treeD.stay away from water 34. Which of the following is TRUE according to the article？ _ A.Lightning is a beautiful but dangerous phenomenon B.Most people struck by lightning will actually die C.Lightning can travel at 10 ，000 kilometres

51、 per hour D.A woman is more likely to be struck by lightning than a man 35. The writer uses the examples of a man and a woman in Paragraph Two to _ A.the service life C.the speed of wind B.the animals around D.the news media 30. Which of the following is TRUE about the HZMB？ _ A.HZMB is not only a b

52、ridge ， but also part tunnel and part island B.The size of HZMB is 60 times larger than that of the Eiffel Tower C.Large ships cannot pass through the sea area above the HZMB tunnel D.HZMB is helpful to the development of Hong Kong Macao and all Guangdong cities 31. Why does the Guardian describe HZ

53、MB as one of the seven wonders of the modem world？ _ A.Because it only takes nine years to build the bridge B.Because HZMB is the longest cross-sea bridge in the world C.Because the life of HZMB is much longer than any other bridge D.Because HZMB makes it easier to travel from Hong Kong to Zhuhai 【答

54、案】 【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】A【小题5】B 【解析】（1）D 细节理解题，根据原 文 It will shorten the travel time from Hong Kong to Zhuhai from four hours to about 45minutes， 它会缩短从香港 到珠海的旅行时间，从4小时缩短为约 45分钟故选 D （2）B词义推测题，根据原文Its designed to have a service life of 120 years， 20 years longer than most bridges And its not just a

55、bridge， but also part tunnel（隧道） and part island，它设 计了 120年的服务年限， 比大部分桥梁多了 20年 且它不仅仅是一座桥梁， 它也是部分隧道和部分岛屿 可 知这座桥在很多方面都是很独特的，相当于special 故选 B （3）D 细节理解题，根据原文The bridges engineers had to think of many environmental factors（因素） in 第 4 页，共 8 页 A.show lightning is very dangerous to human beings B.make the r

56、eaders want to know more about lightning C.help people know lightning will surely improve their intelligence D.prove something surprising ， interesting may happen because of lightning 36. You may read this passage in _ A.a story book C.a tour guide book 【答案】 【小题1】A【小题2】C B.a science magazine D.an ad

57、vertisement 【小题4】D【小题5】B【小题3】A am. Chinese tech company Tencent is also setting limits（限制） on the time those aged between 12 and 18 years old can play it games They can only play two hours per day If you have gaming disorder， you should ask for professional（专业的） medical help But if your condition is not that serious， you can use delayed gratification（延迟满 足） to deal with it For example ， if you tell yourself not to play any video games on weekdays， you can allow yours