初一祈使句练习及讲解

1、。 1 1祈使句（祈使句（Imperative SentenceImperative Sentence） 1.11.1定义定义 用于表达意愿、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用用于表达意愿、命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句，祈使句最常用 于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称，于表达命令，因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称， 所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时，句末则使用句号或感叹号来表示结束， 读时用

2、降调。例：读时用降调。例： Go and wash your hands.Go and wash your hands.（去洗你的手。命令）（去洗你的手。命令） Be quiet, please.Be quiet, please.（Please be quiet.Please be quiet.）（请安静。请求）（请安静。请求） Be kind to our sister.Be kind to our sister.（对姊妹要和善。劝告）（对姊妹要和善。劝告） Watch your steps.Watch your steps.（走路小心。警告）（走路小心。警告） Look outLook o

3、ut！DangerDanger！（小心！危险！强烈警告）（小心！危险！强烈警告） Keep off the grass.Keep off the grass.（勿践草坪。禁止）（勿践草坪。禁止） No parking.No parking.（禁止停车。禁止）（禁止停车。禁止） No eating or drinking.No eating or drinking.( (禁止吃喝。禁止禁止吃喝。禁止) ) No littering.No littering.( (禁止乱扔垃圾。禁止禁止乱扔垃圾。禁止) ) 祈使句也常把主语“祈使句也常把主语“YouYou”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如：

4、”表达出来，使对方听起来觉得柔和些，例如： You go and tell him, Chris.You go and tell him, Chris. （克立斯去告诉他。（克立斯去告诉他。 ） 1.21.2 概念口诀概念口诀 祈使句无主语，主语祈使句无主语，主语 youyou 常省去；常省去； 动词原形谓语当，句首加动词原形谓语当，句首加 dontdont 变否定；变否定； 朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。朗读应当用降调，句末常标感叹号。 1.31.3 表现形式表现形式 1.3.11.3.1肯定句肯定句 1 1 Do Do 型型( (即：动词原形即：动词原形(+(+宾语宾语)+)+其它成分其

5、它成分) )。如：。如：Please have a seat here.Please have a seat here.请这边请这边 坐。坐。 有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如：有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下，动词可省略。如：ThisThis way,way, please.please. = = GoGo thisthis way,way, please.please. 请这边走。请这边走。 2 2 Be Be 型型( (即：即：Be +Be + 表语表语( (名词或形容词名词或形容词)+)+其它成分其它成分) )。如：。如：Be a good boy!Be a good boy!

6、 要做一个要做一个 好孩子好孩子! ! 3 3 Let Let 型型( (即：即：Let +Let + 宾语宾语 + + 动词原形动词原形 + + 其它成分其它成分) )。如：。如：Let me help you.Let me help you. 让我让我 来帮你。来帮你。 1.3.21.3.2否定句否定句 1 1DoDo 型和型和 BeBe 型的否定式都是在句首加型的否定式都是在句首加 dontdont 构成：如：构成：如：DontDont forgetforget me!me! 不要忘记不要忘记 我！我！ Dont be late for school!Dont be late for s

7、chool! 上学不要迟到！上学不要迟到！ 是系表结构也就是没有行为动词但是有形容词的那种使用是系表结构也就是没有行为动词但是有形容词的那种使用 Dont beDont be 有行为动词的就不能这么用，只能用有行为动词的就不能这么用，只能用 DontDont 2 2 Let Let 型的否定式有两种：型的否定式有两种： “DontDont + + letlet + +宾语宾语 + + 动词原形动词原形 + + 其它成分”和“其它成分”和“LetLet + + 宾语宾语 + not + + not + 动词原形动词原形 + + 其它成分”其它成分” 。如：。如：Dont let him go.

8、/ Let him not go.Dont let him go. / Let him not go. 别让别让 他走。他走。 3 3有些可用有些可用nono开头开头, ,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 如：如： NoNo smoking!smoking! 禁止吸烟！禁止吸烟！ NoNo fishing!fishing! 禁止钓鱼！禁止钓鱼！ -可编辑修改- 。 1.41.4 练习练习 将下列汉语翻译成英语。将下列汉语翻译成英语。 1.1. 请照看好您的包。请照看好您的包。_._. 2.2. 让我们去学校吧！让我们去学校吧！ _! _! 3.3. 亲爱的，高兴点儿！亲爱的，高

9、兴点儿！ _! _! 4.4. 不要把书放这儿。不要把书放这儿。_._. 5.5. 不要让猫进来。不要让猫进来。_._. 6.6. 禁止吸烟。禁止吸烟。_!_! Key:Key: 1 1Please look after your bag.Please look after your bag. 2 2Lets go to school.Lets go to school. 3 3Be glad, dearBe glad, dear 4 4Dont put the book here .Dont put the book here . 5 5Dont let the cat come in /

10、Let the cat not come in .Dont let the cat come in / Let the cat not come in . 6 6No smokingNo smoking！ 一、将以下祈使句改为否定式：一、将以下祈使句改为否定式： 1.1. Come here early. 2.2. Ask him. 3.3. Please wait for her. 4.4. Read the book carefully. 5.5. Sit under the tree, please. 6.6. Lets go there together. 二、选择最佳答案填空：二、选

11、择最佳答案填空： 1.1. If you are tired, _ a rest. A. have B. having C. to have D. had 2.2. _ me go. It is very important for me.(是对动词的强调，记住在动词前加助动词） A. Do let B. let do C. Doing let D. To do let 3.3. He is not honest. _ _ believe him. A. Not B. Dont C. To not D. Not to 4.4. If you want to stay, let me know,

12、 _?( 祈使句是肯定则反义疑问句可用will you 或 wont you若是祈使句是否定句， 其后的反义疑问句用 will you,。 另外 Lets.,shall we?而分开 let us.,will you?) A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. do we 5.5. Never come late again, _ _? A. will you B. wont C. do you D. does he 6.6. _ _ up early tomorrow, or you cant catch the train. A. Getting B. G

13、et C. To get D. Got -可编辑修改- 。 7.7. _ _ in the street. Its dangerous. A. Not play B. Not to play C. Dont play D. Dont to play 8.8. Please _ _ me some money, will you? A. lend B. lending C. to lend D. be lend 9.9. The film is about to begin. Please _ _ seated. A. be B. are C. is D. being 10.10. _ _ th

14、e boxes. You may use them later. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept I.I. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. It1. It s an important meeting. _ (not, be )late.s an important meeting. _ (not, be )late. 2. _ _ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.2. _ _ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is

15、sleeping. 3.3. _ _ (not,(not, speak)speak) withwith youryour mouthmouth fullfull ofof foodfood andand _ _ (be)(be) polite.polite. 4. _ _ ( not, talk) and _ _ (read) aloud.4. _ _ ( not, talk) and _ _ (read) aloud. 5. _ _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.5. _ _ (not,leave) your homework f

16、or tomorrow, Larry. 6. _ _ (look) out! A car is coming.6. _ _ (look) out! A car is coming. 7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.7. _ (give) us ten years and just see what our country will be like. 8. _ _ (not, let) the baby cry.8. _ _ (not, let) the baby cry. II.II. 选择

17、填空选择填空 ( )1 .Her doctor said: ( )1 .Her doctor said: “ “_ work so hard_ work so hard” ” A Stop B Don A Stop B Don t C Cant C Can t D Not D No ( )2. Sindy, _ to be here at 8 o ( )2. Sindy, _ to be here at 8 o clockclock A is sure B is sure that C will be sure D be sure A is sure B is sure that C will

18、 be sure D be sure ( )3._ when you cross the road. ( )3._ when you cross the road. A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful A Do care B Care C Do be careful D To be careful ( )4. _him the secret, will you? ( )4. _him the secret, will you? A Don A Don t tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No t

19、ellingt tell B Not to tell C Not telling D No telling ( )5. _ in bed. It ( )5. _ in bed. It s bad for your eyes.s bad for your eyes. A Not to read B Don A Not to read B Don t read C Dont read C Don t to read D Not readt to read D Not read ( )6. _ Your child. We ( )6. _ Your child. We ll look after h

20、im.ll look after him. A Not to worry about B Don A Not to worry about B Don t worry aboutt worry about C Not worry for D DonC Not worry for D Don t worry witht worry with ( )7.They are very tired. Why _ have a rest? ( )7.They are very tired. Why _ have a rest? A not they B do not they C don A not th

21、ey B do not they C don t they D not tot they D not to ( )8 -You look rather tired. _ stopping to have a rest? ( )8 -You look rather tired. _ stopping to have a rest? - All right. - All right. A Why not B How about C Why not to Dwhy don A Why not B How about C Why not to Dwhy don t t ( ) 9 _ tell a l

22、ie. ( ) 9 _ tell a lie. A Hardly B Not C No D Never A Hardly B Not C No D Never ( ) 10.Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard.( ) 10.Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard. A not B don A not B don t C arent C aren t D cant D can t t -可编辑修改- 。 ( )11. Why don ( )11. Why don t you join us in the game?(t you join us in the game?(考察考察 why dont you =?)why dont you =?) A What no