Book5_U2_Grammarandusage2.ppt

1、Unit,2,Grammar and usage 2,功 能,定语,表语,宾语补足语,状语,Revision,1. Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. 2. Being a student, he was interested in sports. 3. Having written the letter, John went to the post office.,状语,现在分词作状语时，注意如下三点： 相当于相应的从句,分词的逻辑主语就是全句的主语,现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态,Rewrite se

2、ntences,1. Because he knew that there was a dog outside, the little boy didnt open the door.,= _that there was a dog outside, the little boy didnt open the door. （原因）,Knowing,2. The couple went shopping. As a result, they left their eldest daughter alone at home.,=The couple went shopping, _their el

3、dest daughter alone at home. (结果）,leaving,3. Time permitting, I will meet you for lunch.,= If time permits, I will meet you for lunch.,（条件 ）,4. Asking around, I find many people willing to pay slight higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.,= when I ask around, I find many people

4、willing to pay slight higher prices for things that are environmentally friendly.,（时间）,He traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket. (keeping的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致，都是he),_ through the park, beautiful flowers could be seen everywhere. Walking B. When I walked C. Walk D. Walked,

5、When working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. =When he worked in the factory, he was an advanced worker.,注意： 1. -ing短语与when，while，though，until，if等连词连用时，相当于这些连词引导的一个从句。如：,Though willing to attend the party, he refused the invitation. =Though he was willing to attend the party, he refused th

6、e invitation. While staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice. =While he was staying in Beijing, he came to see me twice.,If playing all day, you will waste your valuable time. =If you play all day, you will waste your valuable time. Though raining heavily, it cleared up very soon. =Though it was

7、raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.,2. 动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。如： He traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket. = When he traveled on the plane like this, he kept the tortoise hidden in a blanket.,时态和语态,1. He hurried home, looking behind as he went. （一般式

8、） 2. Having finished their work, they had a rest. （完成式） 3. The large building being built is a library. （被动语态） 4. Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.（被动完成式）,完成主动式,1. Having finished her homework, she went to bed. 2. Having heard this, the woman astronaut expressed her satisf

9、action.,分词所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动 作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用，不能做 定语用。,一般被动式,表示正在发生的被动动作,在句中作定语或 状语。,The car being repaired is mine. The car which is being repaired is mine.,Being repaired, the car cant be used. As/Because it is being repaired, the car cant be used.,完成被动式：,表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作，在 句中多作状语，不能作定语。,Havin

10、g been praised a second time ,I decided to make still greater progress.,Having been asked to stay, I couldnt very well leave.,非谓语动词的否定式均为not+非谓语动词,现在分词的否定形式 not + 现在分词（完成的否定式not 放在having之前）,Not knowing how to dye the silk red, he went to her for help.,Not having heard from her son for a long time, t

11、he mother worried a great deal.,一些独立结构： 1. Generally _( speak ), we have learnt a lot in this school. 2. _(judge ) from his appearance, he is somebody. 3. _( tell ) you the truth, your work is terrible.,speaking,Judging,To tell,小 结:,V-ing有其完成式having done，表示分 词动作发生于主句动作之前。 表示时间状语时常同连词when， whenever，w

12、hile，once，until等连用。 分词作状语时，其逻辑主语同主句的主 语一致且有逻辑主动关系，往往可转换 为相应的状语从句。 V-ing形式的否定not要置于V-ing之前。,2 Looking back, I find I didnt like some of the questions the audience asked though.,Answers to page 31:,EXERCISE,Hearing what you said about the environment and the economy needing to work together more, I wa

13、s very impressed. You made that powerful statement, impressing the audience. Having talked to you today, I think we should work on some projects together.,Story-telling,One day _(walk) in the street, Ampere thought of a problem. He decided to work it out. But he had no paper with him. Suddenly he sa

14、w a cart in front of him. He began to work on the problem on the back of the cart. _(absorb) in the problem, he didnt notice the cart moved. Then it moved faster and faster. _(see) that he couldnt keep up it, he stopped, _(say) to himself, “Ive never seen a _(move) blackboard.”,walking,Absorbed,Seei

15、ng,saying,moving,1. _a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter. A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not received,2. Alice returned from the managers office, _me that the boss wanted to see me at once.（04 全国IV） A. having told B. tells C. to tell D. telling,3. _ in th

16、e queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.,A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited,4. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on,5. The storm left, _a lot of damage to this area. A. caus

17、ed B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused 6. “You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, _away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran,1. Sixty million people _ (live) in rural areas are moving to the cities every year. 2. The bottle _ (contain) the poison was sent to the laboratory.,Practice,living,con

18、taining,Fill in the blanks with the verb given in its proper form.,3. The man _ (sit) on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University. 4. The children _ (play) the violin over there will give a performance next week. 5. Our trip was _ (disappoint). We did not find any unusual plants.,sitting,pl

19、aying,disappointing,6. I saw them _ (force) the door open with a hammer. 7. We heard them _ (quarrel) about money after the concert; they looked very angry. 8. I heard him _ (drop) lots of coins into the collecting tin.,forcing,quarreling,dropping,9. You can see them _ (perform) every night this wee

20、k at the New Theatre. 10. The news was _ (shock). All the three boats had sunk in the storm.,performing,shocking,1. a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face. b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly. 2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it. b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found

21、in it.,Choose the correct sentence.,3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful. b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. 4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking. b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.,5. a. Being

22、 fine, we will have the sports meeting next week. b. It being fine, we will have the sports meeting next week.,-ing形式的否定式为在其前面加not。 如： He sat there, not knowing what to say.,1. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _ the delay. A. to cause B. causing C. caused D. cause 2. One by one Peter sold his bits and pieces, _ only a mite of their worth. A. getting B. got C. to get D. get,Exercises,3. After seeing the movie, _. A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him,4. The next morning she