中英诗歌精彩翻译赏析

1、胡宗锋 西北大学外国语学院教授 西北大学文学院 教 授 西北大学文化与翻译研究所 所长 中国翻译协会理事 陕西省翻译协会 副主席 西安市政协委员 中国比较文学学会会员 美国职业交流学会中国文化 主讲教授 美国富布莱特海斯访华团中国文化 主讲教授 西安工业大学 客座教授 咸阳师范学院 客座教授 西安理工大学 客座教授,与毛主席的英文翻译唐闻生,与著名翻译家许渊冲先生,贾平凹先生的鼓励,与哈佛大学教授王德威在贾平凹先生的创作室,与北京大学教授陈平原教授在贾平凹先生的创作室,子曰： “小子，何莫学夫诗？诗，可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。” -论语 阳货 Confcious said: “My li

2、ttle ones, why dont you study the Book of Songs? By the Songs you can stir, you can consider, you can express fellowship, you can show resentment.” -Analects 17. 9,Literature is the Essence of Life 文学是人生的精髓,1.Philosophy is life etherealized 哲学是气化的人生（气体，汽） 2.Poetry is life distilled 诗是蒸馏的人生（液体，水） 3.

3、Fiction or novel is life Crystallized 小说是固体化的人生（固体，冰） All from all sorts of impure things containing water 均从各种含水的不纯物质中得来。 4. Drama is life exploded. 戏剧是爆炸的人生 Literature is the Re-presentation of Life. 文学是人生的表现。,Western Wind Anonymous 15th century,Western wind when wilt thou blow, The small rain dow

4、n can rain? Christ, if my love were in my arms And I in my bed again!,西 风 无名氏 15 世纪 西风啊,您什么时候开始吹刮， 绵绵的细雨什么时候降下来？ 啊,但愿我的爱人在我怀里， 让我们同床共枕重相爱!,Western wind when wilt thou blow, 西风何日刮？ The small rain down can rain? 细雨何时下？ Christ, if my love were in my arms 但愿吾爱在， And I in my bed again! 相拥重欢眠。 （胡宗锋 译）,The

5、 Red Wheelbrrow 红色手推车 Willian Carlos Williams 威廉 卡洛斯 威廉姆斯 So much depends 那么多东西 Upon 依靠 A red wheel 一辆红色 Barrow 手推车 Glazed with rain 雨水淋得它 Water 晶亮 Beside the white 旁边是一群 Chickens. 白鸡,The Red Wheelbarrow By W. C. Williams,So much depends Upon A red wheel Barrow Glazed with rain Water Beside the whit

6、e Chickens.,雨洗红手车 油油焕光彩。 车旁走白鸡， 此境有诗在。 -张悦光 译,感 觉 A Feeling 顾城 by Gu Cheng 天是灰色的 The sky is ash gray, 路是灰色的 The road is ash gray, 楼是灰色的 The bulidings are ash gray, 雨是灰色的 The rain is ash gray. 在一片死灰之中 In the ash of death 走过两个孩子 Two children pass by: 一个鲜红 One in bright red, 一个淡绿 One in light green.,满纸

7、荒唐言， Pages full of fantastic talk 一把辛酸泪！ Penned with bitter tears; 都云作者痴， All men call the author mad, 谁解其中味？ None his message hears. 红楼梦 第一回 杨宪益 英译,New Friends and Old Friends 朋 友 Make new friends, but keep the old; 结识新友，勿忘老友 Those are silver, these are gold. 新友银，老友金 New-made friendship, like new w

8、ine, 新友如新酒 ， Age will mellow and refine. 时光荏苒变醇厚。Friendships that have stood the test- 经历岁月和变迁， Time and change-are surely best; 友情才为最牢靠。 Brow may wrinkle, hair grow gray; 额头可皱发可白， Friendship never knows decay. 友情永不会苍白。,For mid old friends, tried and true, 老友情谊经锤炼 Once more we our youth renew. 返老还童乐

9、中间。 But old friends, alas! May die; 老友总归要离去， New friends must their place supply. 新友替补属自然。 Cherish friendship in your breast- 心中珍惜朋友情， New is good, but old is best; 新友不错老友佳。 Make new friends, but keep the old; 结识新友，勿忘老友， Those are silver, these are gold. 新友银，老友金。 （胡宗锋 译）,How Old Are You 贵庚 By H. S.

10、Fritsch Age is a quality of mind. 年龄是心态， If you have left your dreams behind, 如若梦已了， If hope is cold, 幻想无， If you no longer look ahead, 不前瞻， If your ambitions fire are dead- 抱负死 Then you are old. 那才称为老。 But if from life you take the best, 若人生精华尽享， And if in life you keep the jest, 生之趣长存， If love you

11、 hold; 心中有爱意 No matter how the years go by, 任时光飞逝 No matter how the birthdays fly- 任光阴荏苒 You are not old. 但人生不老。 （ 胡宗锋 译）,Chance 偶 然 By Xu Zhimo 徐志摩 I am a cloud in the sky, 我是天空里的一片云。 A chance shadow on the wave of your heart. 偶尔投影在你的波心 Dont be surprised, 你不必讶异， Or too elated: 更无须欢喜 In an instant I

12、 shall vanish without trace. 在转瞬间消灭了踪影。 We meet on the sea of dark night, 你我相逢在黑夜的海上， You on your way, I on mine, 你有你的，我有我的方向； Remember if you will, 你记得也好， Or, better still, forget 最好你忘掉， The light exchanged in this encounter. 在这交会时互放的亮光。,If by Life You Were Deceived 假如生活欺骗了你 Pushkin 普希金 If by life

13、you were deceived, 假如生活欺骗了你， Dont be dismal, dont be wild! 不要忧郁，也不要愤慨！ In the day of grief, be mild, 不顺心时暂且克制自己， Merry days will come, believe. 相信吧，快乐之日就会到来。 Heart is living in tomorrow; 我们的心儿憧憬着未来， Present is dejected here; 现今总是令人悲哀： In a moment, passes sorrow; 一切都是暂时的，转瞬即逝， That which passes will

14、be dear. 而那失去的将变得可爱。 （乌兰汗 译）,Im Nobody 我是无名之辈，你是谁 Emily Dickinson 狄金森 Im nobody, who are you? 我是无名之辈，你是谁？ Are you nobody too? 你，也是，无名之辈？ Then theres a pair of us. 这就有了我们一对！可是别声张！ Dont telltheyd banish us, you know. 你知道，他们会大肆张扬！ How dreary to be somebody, 做个，显要人物，好不无聊！ How publiclike a frog 像个青蛙，向仰慕的

15、泥沼 To tell your name the livelong June 在整个六月，把个人的姓名 To an admiring bog. 聒噪何等招摇！ （江枫 译）,In a Station of the Metro 地铁车站 By Ezra Pound 庞德 The apparition of these faces in the crowd; 人群中这些脸庞的隐现； Petals on a wet, black bough. 湿漉漉、黑黝黝的树枝上的花瓣。 （裘小龙 译） 梦幻众中面貌 梦幻众中貌 黝湿枝上疏花 黝湿枝上花 （周钰良 译） （胡宗锋 改译）,一代人 A Genera

16、tion 顾城 by Gu Cheng 黑夜给了我黑色的眼睛， Night gave me dark eyes, 我却用它寻找光明。 I use them to find the light.,Slowly 意迟迟 Mary Coleridge 玛丽 柯尔律治 Heavy is my heart, 我心儿多沉郁， Dark are thine eyes. 你眼光多暗淡。 Thou and I must part 你和我得分离 Ere the sun rise. 在太阳升起前。 Ere the sun rise 在太阳升起前 Thou and I must part. 你和我得分离。 Dark

17、are thine eyes, 你眼光多暗淡， Heavy is my heart. 我心儿多沉郁。 -黄杲炘 译,To Wait An Hour -Is Long 等待一小时，太久 By Emily Dickinson To wait an Hour-is long- 等待一小时，太久 If Love be just beyond- 如果爱，恰巧在那以后 To wait Eternity- is short- 等待一万年，不长 If love rewards the end- 如果，终于有爱作为报偿,Auguries of Innocence 天真的预言 By William Blake 布

18、莱克 To see a world in a grain of Sand 一沙一世界， And a Heaven in a Wild Flower, 一花一天空； Hold Infinity in the palm of your hand 掌内包无限， And Eternity in an hour. 片刻现永恒。,断章 Fragment 卞之琳 Bian Zhi-lin 你站在桥上看风景， You watched the sight from a bridge, 看风景人在楼上看你。 As a sightseer watched you from a tower 明月装饰了你的窗子， Th

19、e moon adorns your window, 你装饰了别人的梦。 And you adorn anothers dream. (王佐良 英译),题都城南庄 Written In a Village South of the Capital （唐）崔护 Cui Hu,去年今日此门中， 人面桃花相映红。 人面不知何处去， 桃花依旧笑春风。,This very day last year, ou, at this very place, A pretty face outshone the flowers of peach trees. I do not know today where s

20、hines the pretty face Only the pretty flowers still smile in vernal breeze. English Translation by Xu Yuan Zhong （许渊冲 英译）,Song 歌 By Christina Georgina Rossetti 罗塞蒂 When I am dead, my dear, 此身亡故后， Sing no sad songs for me; 吾爱毋悲歌； Plant thou no roses at my head, 翠柏并玫瑰， Nor shady cypress tree: 坟头莫植播， B

21、e the green grass above me 冢上蓻青草， With showers and dewdrops wet; 雨露相润和， And it thou wilt, remember, 有心就相忆， And if thou wilt, forget. 无意可忘却。 I shall not see the shadows, 阴影无所见， I shall not feel the rain; 雨露不觉临， I shall not hear the nightingale 夜莺悲歌声， Sing on, as if in pain: 我更罔若闻。 And dreaming throug

22、h the twilight 梦中见微光， That doth not rise nor set, 不浮亦不沉， Haply I may remember, 时或忆及此， And haply may forget 偶或忘于心。 （周宜乃 译）,My Hearts in the Highland 我的心呀在高原 By Robert Burns 罗伯特 彭斯 My hearts in the Highlands, my heart is not here; 我的心呀在高原，这儿没有我的心， My hearts in the Highlands a-chasing the deer; 我的心呀在高原

23、，追赶着鹿群， Chasing the wild deer, and following the roe, 追赶着野鹿，跟踪着小鹿， My hearts in the Highlands wherever I go. 我的心呀在高原，别处没有我的心。 Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North, 再会吧高原！再会吧，北方！ The birth-place of valor, the country of worth; 你是品德的国家，壮士的故乡， Wherever I wander, wherever I rove, 不管我在哪儿游荡，到哪

24、儿流浪， The hills of the Highlands for ever I love. 高原的群山我永不相忘。 Farewell to the mountains high coverd with snow; 再会吧，皑皑的高山， Farewell to thestraths and green valleys below; 再会吧，绿色的山谷同河滩， Farewell to theforests and wild-hanging woods; 再会吧，高耸的大树，无尽的林涛， Farewell to the torrents and poud-pouring floods. 再会吧

25、，汹涌的急流，雷鸣的浪潮！ My hearts in the Highlands, my heart is not here; 我的心呀在高原，这儿没有我的心， My hearts in the Highlands a-chasing the deer; 我的心呀在高原，追赶着鹿群， Chasing the wild deer, and following the roe, 追赶着野鹿，跟踪着小鹿， My hearts in the Highlands wherever I go. 我的心呀在高原，别处没有我的心。,心葬 Burial In the Heart 桑恒昌 Sang Hengcha

26、ng 女儿出生的那一夜， The night my daughter was born 是我一生中最长的一夜。 Was the longest one of my life. 母亲谢世的那一夜， The night my mother died 是我一生中最短的一夜。 Was the shortest one of my life. 母亲就这样， It was just in such haste 匆匆匆匆地去了。 That my mother left the world. 将母亲土葬， If I bury Mother in earth, 土太龌龊； The soil is too dir

27、ty; 将母亲火葬， If I have her body cremated, 火太无情； The flames are too ruthless; 将母亲水葬， If I give her a water burial, 水太漂泊。 The water is too drifting. 只有将母亲心葬了， I have buried Mother in my heart, 肋骨是墓地坚固的栅栏。 And my ribs are the sturdy fence around her graveyard.,春 晓 Spring Morning 孟浩然 Meng Haoran 春眠不觉晓，Thi

28、s spring morning in bed Im lying, 处处闻啼鸟。 Not to awake till birds are crying. 夜来风雨声，After one night of wind and showers, 花落知多少？How many are the fallen flowers,The Words Used in Poetry,Thou = You 的主格 Thee = You 的宾格 Thy = Your Thine = Your 用在元音前 Methink = It seems to me Hie = go quickly Pleasance = Enj

29、oyment Forsooth = No doubt Quoth = Said Perchance = By chance Mead = Meadow,The Words Used in Poetry,Damsel = Maiden Befide = Happen Weal = Well-being Bard = Poet Vale = Valley Foe = Enemy Woe = Sorrow Valiant = Brave Forlorn = Lonely Warrior = Fighter Yonder = Over there,The Words Used in Poetry,Be

30、hold = See Sunder = Break Swine = Pigs Swain = Peasant Main = Sea Lowly = Humble Ingrate = Ungrateful,Mute = Silent Fond = Foolish Reckless = Careless Doleful = sorrowful Artless = Innocent Hapless = Unlucky Haply = Perhaps Anon = At once,The Words Used in Poetry,Erst = Formerly Quit = leave Wax = G

31、row Sojourn = Lodge Tarry = Remain Wrought = Worked Fare = walk,Clad = Clothed Wilt = Will Shalt = Shall Canst = Can Dost = Do Didst = Did Ere = Before Albeit = Although,Just as the sweet-apple reddens on the high branch, High on the highest, and the apple pickers missed it, Or rather did not miss i

32、t, dare not reach it. Sappho 恰似一个红熟的苹果高悬在枝头， 高高的挂在树梢，摘果人已把它遗忘， 不，可不是遗忘，而是无人敢去攀折。,HAD I KNOWN THAT THE FIRST WAS THE LAST 我若知道第一杯是最后一杯,Had I known that the first was the last I should have kept it longer. Had I known that the last was the first I should have drunk it stronger. Cup, it was your fault,

33、 Lip was not the liar. No, lip, it was yours, Bliss was most to blame. -By EmilyDickinson,我若知道第一杯是最后一杯 我一定久久不饮， 我若知道第一杯是最后一杯 我一定一口饮尽。 杯啊，这是你的过错， 嘴唇并没有骗我。 不，嘴唇，那是你的， 欢乐应负最大罪责。,TO WAIT AN HOUR IS LONG,To wait an hour is long If Love be just beyond To wait Eternity is short If love reward the end Emily

34、 Dickinson,等待一小时，太久 如果爱，恰巧在那以后 等待一万年，不长 如果，终于有爱作为报偿,A Comparative Study of Chinese and English Love Poems,爱情是人际关系中最重要的一种，无论在哪一 种文学中，它都占有最重要的地位，以致与死亡一 起，被称为文学的两大永恒主题。 中西诗歌中爱情表现的不同，与有无宗教传统 具有密切的关系。西方的宗教传统使人们相信，人 生并不终止于死亡，即使在死亡以后，也还有另一 个世界在等着他们，如果他们在人世表现得足够好 的话，他们有希望进入天国，那是一个比人世更好 的地方。 中西欢爱诗有许多共同的基点：即表

35、现青年男 女欢乐幸福的爱情生活。 中西欢爱诗主要的区别有 以下几点：,Parting I 娉娉袅袅十三余，豆蔻梢头二月初。 春风十里扬州路，卷上珠帘总不如。 She is slender and graceful and not yet fourteen, Like a cardamom at the tip of a new spray. The vernal wind uprolls the pearly window-screen, Her face outshines those on the splendid three-mile away.,中国欢爱诗始终遵循“爱而不淫”的原则，即

36、写欢爱而不过分，意到笔随，适可而止。 因此，中国欢爱诗大多用以形传情、借景抒情、比兴手法、含蓄蕴籍的手法描写欢爱，如唐代著名诗人杜牧的赠别二首其一：,II 多情却似总无情，唯觉樽前笑不成。 蜡烛有心还惜别，替人垂泪到天明。 Though deep in love, we seem not in love in the least, Only feeling we cannot smile at farewell feast. The candle has a wick just as we have a heart, All night long it sheds tears for us b

37、efore we part.,Sonnets From the Portuguese 43,How do I love thee? Let me count the ways. I love thee to the depth and breadth and height My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight For the ends of Being and ideal Grace. I love thee to the level of every days Most quiet need, by sun and candlelight.

38、 I love thee freely, as men strive for Right;,我究竟怎样爱你？让我细数端详 我爱你直到我灵魂所及的深度、广度和高度， 我在视力不及之处 摸索着存在的极致和美的理想。 我爱你像最朴素的日常需要一样， 就像不自觉地需要阳光和蜡烛。 我自由地爱你，像人们选择正义之路，,I love thee purely, as they turn from Praise. I love thee with the passion put to use In my old grief, and with my childhoods faith. I love thee

39、with a love I seemed to lose With my lost saints, - I love thee with the breath, Smiles, tears, of all my life! - and, if God choose, I shall but love thee better after death. Elizabeth Barrett Browning,我纯洁地爱你，像人们躲避称赞颂扬。 我爱你用的是我在昔日的悲痛里 用过的那种激情，以及童年的忠诚。 我爱你用的爱，我本以为早已失去 （与我失去的圣徒一同）；我爱你用笑容、 眼泪、呼吸和生命！只要

40、上帝允许， 在死后我爱你将只会更加深情。,上邪 The Pledge 上邪！ Oh Heaven high! 我欲与君相知， I will love him 长命无决衰， forever till I die, 山无陵， Till mountains crumble, 江水为竭， Rivers run dry, 冬雷震震， In winter thunder rumble, 夏雨雪， In summer snow fall far and nigh, 天地合， And the earth mingle with the sky, 乃敢与君绝！ Not till then will my lov

41、e die.,O My Luves Like A Red, Red Rose 卿若红玫瑰 Robert Burns 彭斯,O my luves like a red, red rose, Thats newly sprung in June: O my luves like the melodie Thats sweetly playd in tune. As fair art thou, my bonie lass, So deep in luve am I; And I will luve thee still, my dear, Till a the seas gang dry.,卿若红

42、玫瑰, 新绽在六月, 更若旋律曲, 嘹亮声和谐. 汝颜美若斯, 我深弥爱之, 情爱永不变, 直至海枯时.,Till a the seas gang dry, my dear, And the rocks melt wi the sun: I will luve thee still, my dear, While the sands o life shall run.,海水尽枯竭, 岩石皆蚀摧, 此生一息存, 相爱永不隳. (周宜乃译),2. 中国欢爱诗往往受封建礼教的约束，故欲言又止，吞吞吐吐，不敢在诗中说出自己心里的爱。如著名诗人陆游的词作钗头凤：,钗头凤 红酥手， 黄藤酒， 满城春色宫墙

43、柳； 东风恶， 欢情薄。 一杯愁绪， 几年离索。 错!错!错!,Phoenix Hairpin Pink hands so fine, Gold-branded wine, Spring paints green willows palace walls cannot confine. East wind unfair, Happy times rare. In my heart sad thoughts throng; Weve severed for years long. Wrong, wrong, wrong!,春如旧， 人空瘦， 泪痕红浥鲛绡透。 桃花落， 闲池阁。 山盟虽在， 锦书

44、难托。 莫!莫!莫!,Spring is as green, In vain shes lean, Her silk scarf soaked with tears and red with stains unclean. Peach blossoms fall Near deserted hall. Our oath is still there.Lo! No word to her can go. No, no, no!,The Passionate Shepherd to His Love 多情的牧羊人致他的情人 Christopher Marlowe,Come live with me

45、 and be my love, And we will all the pleasures prove That valleys, groves,hills,and fields, Woods,or steepy mountain yields. And we will sit upon the rocks, Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks, By shallow rivers to whose falls Melodious birds sing madrigals.,做我的伴侣吧永不分离； 青山绿野绕幽溪， 巍巍峰峦插云霄， 赏心悦目多逍遥！

46、 咱俩偎依岩石上， 观赏牧童饲羊群； 清溪潺 潺脉脉流， 鸟鸣嘤嘤为伴奏。,And I will make thee beds of roses And a thousand fragrant posies, A cap of flowers, and a kirtle Embroidered all with leaves of myrtle; A gown made of the finest wool Which from our pretty lambs we pull; Fair lined slippers for the cold, With buckles of the pur

47、est gold;,蔷薇花，铺新床， 献万千花束芬芳； 戴花冠，披新装， 编自翠叶桃金娘。 纯羊毛，制长袍， 采自娇美小羊羔； 镶边绣鞋多轻巧， 纯金扣子扣得牢。,A belt of straw and ivy buds, With coral clasps and amber studs: And if these pleasures may thee move, Come live with me and be my love. Thy silver dishes for thy meat AS precious as the gods do eat, Shall on an ivory

48、table be Prepared each day for thee and me. The shepherds swains shall dance and sing For thy delight each May morning: If these delights thy mind may move, Then live with me and be my love.,珊瑚钩，琥珀钮， 麦杆青藤腰带束； 要是这些你中意， 做我伴侣不分离。 银杯盘，盛佳肴， 美味只供仙女曹； 象牙桌，摆得满， 每日享用你与咱。 初夏清晨饱眼福： 牧人风流载歌舞； 要是这些你中意 做我伴侣吧永不分离。,

49、褰裳 To a Seeming Lover 诗经（郑风） 许渊冲 英译 子惠思我， If you think me as you seem, 褰裳涉溱。 Lift up your robe and cross that stream!。 子不我思， If you dont love me as you seem, 岂无他人？ Can I not find another one? 狂童之狂也且！ Your foolishness is second to none. 子惠思我， If you think of me as you seem, 褰裳涉洧。 Lift up your gown an

50、d cross that stream! 子不我思， If you dont love me as you seem, 岂无他士？ Can I not find a better mate? 狂童之狂也且！ Your foolishness is really great.,To the Virgins, To Make much of Time 给少女们的忠告,Gather ye rosebuds while ye may Old Time is still a-flying; And this same flower that smiles today Tomorrow will be d

51、ying. The glorious lamp of heaven, the Sun The higher hes a-getting, The sooner will his race be run, And nearer hes to setting.,可以采花的时候，别错过， 时光老人在飞驰： 今天还在微笑的花朵 明天就会枯死。 太阳，那盏天上的华灯， 向上攀登的越高， 路程的终点就会越临近， 剩余的时光也越少。,That age is best which is the first, When youth and blood are warmer; But being spent, t

52、he worse, and worst Time still succeed the former. Then be not coy, but use your time; And while ye may, go marry; For having lost but once your prime, You may forever tarry Robert Herrick,青春的年华是最最美好， 血气方刚，多热情； 过了青年，那越来越不妙的 年月会陆续来临。 那么，别怕羞，抓住机缘， 你们该及时结婚： 你一旦错过了少年， 会成千古恨。,金缕衣 The Golden Dress 杜秋娘 Du

53、Qiuniang 劝君莫惜金缕衣， Love not your golden dress, I pray, 劝君惜取少年时！ More than your thoughtful golden hours! 花开堪折直须折， Gather sweet flowers while you may, 莫待无花空折枝。 And not the twig devoid of flowers! English Translation by Xu Yuan Zhong （许渊冲 英译）,Forget Not Yet 别忘了 The Lover Beseecheth his Mistress not to 恋

54、人祈求薄情女 Forget his Steadfast Faith and True Intent 别忘了他的真情实意 Thomas Wyatt 托马斯 怀亚特 Forget not yet tried entent 别忘了我曾对你 Of such a truth as I have meant; 怀有真情，忠贞不渝 My great travail so gladly spent, 苦苦追求，乐此不疲， Forget not yet! 别忘了！ Forget not yet when first began 别忘了咱俩结识 The weary life ye know, since whan

55、 在浮生厌倦之际； The suit, the service, none tell can; 从此迷恋你，殷勤无比， Forget not yet! 别忘了！,Forget not yet the great assays, 别忘了我百般尝试 The cruel wrong, the scornful ways, 你却冷酷而鄙夷， The painful patience in delays, 一味拖延，我则忍耐到底， Forget not yet! 别忘了！ Forget not, yet forget not this 别忘了，别忘了一点 How long ago hath veen, and is, 我早已和你缢绻 The mind that never meant amiss 如今痴心依然 Forget not yet! 别忘了！ Forget not then thine own approved, 别忘了你曾默认 The which so long hath thee so love