电影赏析(美丽心灵)

1、,美丽心灵(A Beautiful Mind),导演：朗霍华德Ron Howard 主演：罗素克洛Russel Crowe 珍尼弗康纳利Jennifer Connelly 类型： 传记 剧情 悬疑 级别：PG-13 发行：环球（美国）；梦工场（国际） 首映：2001年12月21日,本片荣获8项奥斯卡提名，最终夺得74届（2002年）奥斯卡最佳影片、最佳导演、最佳改编剧本和最佳女配角4项大奖。,Plot,A Beautiful Mind is a 2001 American biographical（传记） film about the true story of John Nash, one

2、of the great geniuses of the 20th century, who was famous for both his theories in math, and for the fact that he suffered from schizophrenia（精神分裂症）. The movie follows Nashs amazing life from the time he arrives at Princeton University as a young, brilliant and noticeably odd（古怪的） West Virginia math

3、 student, until his life as an old man who has won the Nobel Prize. Over the years, he becomes recognized as a unique intellect whose theories have greatly influenced not only mathematics, but various other academic areas from economics to biology. And as of this writing in 2002, Nash is still alive

4、, and still teaches at Princeton.,The focus of this movie is on Nashs struggle with the terrible illness of schizophrenia, which began to effect him while a student at Princeton in the early 1950s. Afterward, his brilliance led to a teaching and research position at the prestigious Massachusetts Ins

5、titute of Technology (MIT), the world famous university in Boston. There, Nashs disease began to grow worse, but fortunately for him, it was also at MIT that he met Alicia, a brilliant math student of her own. The two fell in love, and while Alicia did not discover his illness until after they marri

6、ed, once she realized how sick her husband was, she did all she could to take care of him, herself, and their new son.,With great determination, John Nash was able to successfully fight back from the delusions that are a large part of schizophrenia, and while he never was able to get rid of the dise

7、ase completely, he became an honored member of the Princeton community. In some ways, his life is a truly fascinating window on the still unclear relationship between genius and madness,剧情简介： 美丽心灵是一部关于一个真实天才的极富人性的剧情片。故事的原型是数学家小约翰-福布斯-纳什(Jr.John Forbes Nash)。英俊而又十分古怪的纳什早年就做出了惊人的数学发现，开始享有国际声誉。但纳什出众的直觉

8、受到了精神分裂症的困扰，使他向学术上最高层次进军的辉煌历程发生了巨大改变。面对这个曾经击毁了许多人的挑战，纳什在深爱着的妻子艾丽西亚(Alicia)的相助下，毫不畏惧，顽强抗争。经过了几十年的艰难努力，他终于战胜了这个不幸，并于1994年获得诺贝尔经学奖。这是一个真人真事的传奇故事，今天纳什继续在他的领域中耕耘着。,妙词佳句，活学活用,1. Hansens all bent. Bent 这里的意思是“upset 沮丧”，所以这句话就是说“Hansen is very upset.” 2. set ones sights on 这个片语的意思是“have as a goal目标，打算”，比如：S

9、hes set her sights on law school. 她想进法学院学习。 3. think tank 智囊团，就是a group or organization dedicated to problem-solving and research, especially in such areas as technology, social or political strategy, and the military. 比如：The congressional leaders rely too heavily on that conservative think tank. 国会

10、领导者对那个保守的智囊团太过依赖了。,4. Neils here broke a Jap code. 这里的break是“破解”的意思，“破译密码”就是break a code。 5. rid oneself (someone / something) of 这个表达的意思是“摆脱，驱除，除去，解除”，比如：He was finally able to rid himself of all financial worries. 他终于能使自己摆脱所有的财务忧虑。 6. strong suit 意思是“a quality, activity, or skill in which a person

11、 excels长处，强项，优点”，比如：Foreign policy was the Presidents strong suit. 外交政策是总统的强项。 7. non-linear equation 非线性方程,8. slow motion 这个词组的意思就是我们在电影中经常看到的“慢动作”，我们来看个例子：The empty car rolled down the hill in slow motion and nobody could do anything to stop it. 这辆空车极其缓慢地从山丘上滑下来，但没有人能阻止住它。 9. strike out 这个动词短语这里的意

12、思是指“(of a person or effort) to fail失败”，比如：His next two business ventures struck out. 他接下来两次贸易投机都失败了。 10. have the upper hand Upper hand 是指“优势，有利地位，上风”，也写作 whip hand。比如：Once you let Jeff get the upper hand therell be no stopping him. 一旦你让杰夫得逞，他就没完了。,11. cold shoulder 意思是“deliberate coldness or disreg

13、ard, a slight or snub冷遇，冷淡，轻视”，我们来看个例子： When I said hello to her in the library, she gave me the cold shoulder and walked away. 在图书馆我和她打招呼，她反应冷淡、走开了。 12. pay no mind 意思是“不要理睬，不理会”，比如：I pay no mind to his insults. 我不理会他的侮辱。电影中的这句话就可以翻译为：So I shouldnt pay no mind if youre mean to me. 所以如果你对我不好，我不应计较。,

14、13. take in 这里的意思是“admit, receive as a guest or employee 接纳，接受”，可以引申为“收留，收容”，比如：offered to take in two of the orphaned children. 他们提出要收留这些孤儿中的两个。 14. black bag top secret, confidential. 15. black ops Black ops is shorthand for black operations, activities that cannot be linked to the organization th

15、at undertakes them. 也就是指“秘密行动”。,16. guest lecture 嘉宾讲座 17. hold it 意思是“等一等”，这里可以翻译成“站住”。 18. avoid a scene 直译为“回避某一场面”，这里的意思是“避免某种场面出现”，比如吵闹、打架什么的。例子：David wanted to return the insult, but he bit his lip in order to avoid a scene. 戴维本想对此侮辱进行报复，但他还是忍住了，免得当众吵闹。 19. hold up 有很多用法，这里表示的是“continue to fun

16、ction without losing force or effectiveness坚持，维持，继续”，比如：We held up through that long bitter winter. 我们挺过了那个漫长寒冷的冬天。,20. chief John Nash 做过Sol的头，所以这里可以理解为“老大”。 21. no point in 这个表达的意思是“做没有意义”，Theres no point in being nuts if you cant have a little fun. 如果你不能找点乐趣的话，做疯子就没啥意义了。这里的nuts 是形容词，表示“发疯的，发狂的”。

17、22. be stuck with 俚语，意思是“被缠住无法摆脱, 遇到困难无法进行下去”，例如：If you lose, youll be stuck with a fat debt. 如果你失败了，你会负债累累的。,23. go easy 这是安抚别人常用的表达，意思是“慢慢来，冷静点，别紧张”等等，我们来看个例子：Go easy, dear, theres nothing to get excited about. 冷静些，亲爱的，没有什么可以紧张的。 24. savior complex 意思是“救世主情节”，因为Hansen看到他的时候吃惊的说了句“Jesus Christ (天啊)

18、！”，Nash 就开玩笑地说“我不是耶稣基督。我的救世主情节是完全不同的形式。”这部电影中的Nash是个很幽默的人，时而开点玩笑。 Complex 这个词表示“情节”，各种各样的情节有：the inferiority complex 自卑感，自卑情结；the superiority complex 自豪感，优越情结；Electra complex 恋父情结；Oedipus complex 恋母情结,25. take on 这里的take on 表示“呈现 to acquire (an appearance, for example) as or as if ones own，假装”，比如：Ov

19、er the years he has taken on the look of a banker. 这些年来他摆出了一副银行家的派头 26. Is there any chance that you could ignore what I just did? Is there any chance (that) 表示“有没有可能”，比如：Is there any chance of meeting the professor? 有可能见见这位教授吗？这句话也可以简化成“Any chance of meeting the professor?” 27What are old friends f

20、or? 这句话本来是“What are friends for?”，因为Nash 和Hansen认识多年，所以Hansen就说“What are old friends for?”,“What are friends for?”，意思是“朋友本来就是这样的”，表面上这是一个问句，问“朋友是做什么的”，但其实它是一个陈述句。当你的朋友对你表达感激之情的时候，中文里我们会回答说“为朋友两肋插刀是应该的”，而在英文里就是 What are friends for 了。例如： A: Thanks for keeping an eye on my plants while I was out of to

21、wn. 非常感谢你在我不在的时候帮我照顾我的植物。 B: Hey, what are friends for? 嘿，朋友就应该是这样的。 28. hang around 意思是“to spend time idly; loiter 闲荡”，比如：Every afternoon they could be found hanging around the mall. 每天下午都有人发现他们在商场闲逛。,29. elbow out 这是一个非常形象地表达，如果你总觉得自己的英文没有文采，就该注意这些表达了。Elbow 本意是“胳膊肘”，这里用作动词，表示“用肘推”，比如：He elbowed me

22、 out of the way. 他把我挤开了。 to elbow ones way through a crowd 从人群中挤过去 He elbowed his way through the crowd towards the rostrum. 他用肘推着从人群中向讲坛挤过去。 30. Its a lot to ask “这个要求太过分了,经典名句,nash获诺贝尔奖后的演讲感人至深 1. Nash: Thank you. Ive always believed in numbers and the equations and logics that lead to reason. 我一直

23、相信数字。不管是方程式或逻辑学都引导我们去思考。 2. But after a lifetime of such pursuits, I ask, What truly is logic? Who decides reason? 但经过终生的追求，我问自己“逻辑到底是什么? 谁去决定原由？” 3. My quest has taken me through the physical, the metaphysical, the delusional - and back. 我的探索让我从形而下到形而上，最后到了妄想症，就这样来回走了一趟。,4. And I have made the most

24、 important discovery of my career, the most important discovery of my life: It is only in the mysterious equations of love that any logic or reasons can be found. 在事业上我有了最重大的突破，在生命中我也找到了最重要的人，只有在这神秘的爱情方程式中，才能找到逻辑或原由来。 5. Im only here tonight because of you(his wife, Alicia). 今晚我能站在这里全是你的功劳。 6. You a

25、re the reason I am. You are all my reasons. Thankyou.你是我成功的因素，也是唯一的因素。谢谢你！,背景知识,A Brief Note on Schizophrenia: Many people used to think that schizophrenia was a mental disease marked by split personality, which exists when one person seems to have two or more completely different personalities. In

26、fact, most people who have this mental illness do not have that condition, but they do suffer from such things as inability to think clearly, manage emotions, make decisions, or relate to others. Most seriously, schizophrenics can suffer from hallucinations (seeing things that dont really exist), as

27、 well as a fundamental and unpleasant change in how they experience basic emotions, in coming sensations and even themselves. In short, this is a terrible illness that can take away a persons ability to lead a normal life, though fortunately, it has become more and more treatable.,A Brief Note on Pr

28、inceton and MIT:,Most of the film centers around Johns life at two of the best Universities in the United States. Princeton is located in the small town of Princeton, New Jersey, about an hour from New York City. When John arrived as a young student in the late 1940s, Albert Einstein was still a pro

29、fessor there (He died in 1955, having been at Princeton for nearly 20 years). The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, known by most as MIT, is perhaps the most prestigious school of technology and applied sciences in the world (In the film, John taught for a few years at a defense department cent

30、er at MIT called the Wheeler Institute). MIT is located just minutes from Harvard University, in Boston, Massachusetts, which probably has more excellent universities than any city in the world.,Nash equilibrium 纳什均衡,In game theory, the Nash equilibrium (named after John Forbes Nash, who proposed it

31、) is a solution concept of a game involving two or more players, in which no player has anything to gain by changing only his or her own strategy alone. If each player has chosen a strategy and no player can benefit by changing his or her strategy while the other players keep theirs unchanged, then

32、the current set of strategy choices and the corresponding payoffs constitute a Nash equilibrium.,纳什均衡，Nash equilibrium，又称为非合作博弈均衡，是博弈论的一个重要术语，是纳什发现的，以他的名字命名。它的含义是这样的：假设有n个局中人参与博弈，给定其他人策略的条件下，每个局中人选择自己的最优策略（个人最优策略可能依赖于也可能不依赖于他人的战略），从而使自己效用最大化。所有局中人策略构成一个策略组合（Strategy Profile）。纳什均衡指的是这样一种战略组合，这种策略组合由所

33、有参与人最优策略组成。即在给定别人策略的情况下，没有人有足够理由打破这种均衡。,亚当斯密 Adam Smith,Scottish philosopher Adam Smith is the author of the 1776 book An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations(国富论), a classic of modern economics beloved especially by free market advocates. He began his academic career as a professor of logic and moral p