写作教程第二版(邹申)-unit 3 Places- Development by Space

1、,站长站素材OM,ArkeyWorks,Unit3DevelopmentbySpace,UnitObjectives,Becomefamiliarwithfeatureandorganizationalpatternofideasbasedonspaceorspatialrelationshipsinparagraphwriting;Knowhowtodevelopdescriptionaccordingtospacearrangement;Beabletoconstructaparagraphbyarrangingdetailswithlinkingwordsoflocationanddir

2、ection,DevelopmentbySpace,Beforewebegintodescribeaplace,whetheritisalargecountryorasmallroom,wehavetodecideontheorderinwhichtonamethedifferentpartsordetails.Forthiscase,weshouldfindoutthespacerelationshipsbetweenthemandarrangeourdescriptionaccordingly.,GroupWork,Whatsyouroverallimpressionoftheuniver

3、sity?Whichbuildingorlocationcatchesyourattentionfirst?Whichplacedoyouwanttodescribenext?Andthen?Whatdoyouwanttodescribelast?Whatorderdoesyourdescriptionfollow?Whydoyouchoosethisorder?,Importantlandmark,anddescribeotherlocationsinrelationtoit.StressanboundariesofanareaAlongtheroadAccordingtonorthsout

4、horwest-east5.Outsidetoinsideinsidetooutside,Tips,TiananmenSquare,GoldenWaterBridge,Monument,Museum,MemorialHall,GreatHall,gate,path,lawns,flowerbed,wood,pavilion,stonebenches,pond,lawns,Wearegoingtobuildasmallgardenoncampus.Thestraightnorthwardpathinsidethegateleadstoaconventionalpavilionwhichinfro

5、ntofsomedelicatestonebenches.Verdantlawnsareatthebothsidesofthepath.Thereisasmallpondinlaysthelawnatsoutheastpart.Ifyouchoosetheotherpathgoesacrossthegardenfromwesttoeast,thenyoucanenjoyluxuriantlygreenwoodbesidesthepavilionatnorthwesternpartandappreciateabeautifulflowerbedatnortheast.,AdditionalWor

6、k,Bath(bathtub)PlugShowerTowel-railBath-matShowercurtainWash-basin,8.Face-flanneltowel9.Nail-brush10.Razor11.Toilet(lavatory)12.Cistern13.Flushinghandle14.toilet-paper,DevelopmentbySpace,theCaspianSea里海里海位于亚洲与欧洲交界，是世上最大及蓄水量最多之湖泊，面积37万1千平方公里(143,000平方英里)，体积78,200立方公里，最深处1,025米，平均深度209米，湖面海拔负28米，最深处湖床

7、海拔负1,054米，也是内流湖、咸水湖、海迹湖。,2.AsiaMinorAnatolia小亚细亚土耳其的亚洲部分被称为安纳托利亚，也称小亚细亚。安纳托利亚位于平均海拔高度米的高原上，山脉环绕四周，夏季的高原到处都是种植的谷物。这里白昼炎热，夜晚寒冷，即使在夏天也须穿御寒服。,3.Phoenicians腓尼基人腓尼基人是历史上一个古老的民族，自称为闪美特人，又称闪族人。生活在今天地中海东岸相当于今天的黎巴嫩和叙利亚沿海一带，他们曾经建立过一个高度文明的古代国家。公元前10世纪至公元前8世纪是腓尼基城邦的繁荣时期,SummarySample2,Itisadescriptionof“mygrandf

8、athersbarn”Deplorablespecificwordsandarrangesthesedescriptivedetailsinanaturalorderoftheirphysicallayout:exteriortotheinteriorofthebarn.outsidefromtoptothebottominsidefromlefttotherightandtotheoverheadThereadercanvisualizethesceneveryvividlyandgrasptherelationshipsoftheobjects.,suit,KeysforSample3P2

9、6,AnathletesroomCloset/dresser/accordingtothespatialorder/thewriterpresentsanorderlydescriptionjustashiseyemightmovefromrighttotheleftaroundtheroom.,ClosettomyrightCapontheshelfBedthefarwallLamp-onthetopofanightstandtotheleftofthebed,ScheduleonthewallabovethenightstandDesktheleftwallMedalsontheshelv

10、esWindownexttothedeskDresserbetweenthewindowandtheleftcorner,SummarySample3,1.Displayanartisticgroupingofdetailsinspace2.Thingsarerelatedtoeachotherbytheorderinwhichtheyareplacedinspace3.Withtheuseofspecificspacesignals,weareledbythewritertoexperiencetheroomvividlyfromrighttoleft,fromlargertosmaller

11、onesasifwewereactually“seeing”it.,LinkingDevicesP28,Spatialsignalsareoftenusedtohelporganizedetailsindescriptiveparagraph.,E.G.inside,intheright-handside,outside,intheoppositeend,downthecenter,attheendof,theleft-hand,Thewriterorganizestheparagraphinaparticularorder.Readerswillnotgetlostwhilethedescr

12、iptionproceeds.,Question1,Depressing,Puppiesbehindglass,Unpleasantsmell,Chainedbirds,Rowsofcages,Dirtytubcontainingturtles,Stuffatmosphere,Kittensinthewindow,Soundsofcagedanimals,Droppingsandurineonnewspaper,Logicalarrangement,Transitionaldevices,4.sight,touch,hearingandsmell.Throughtherichperceptio

13、nsthereaderwillgainafullerandmorevividpictureofthescene5.Sight:black-and-whitekittenspiledtogether;alineoflargewoodenperches;parrotsfluttertheirclippedwings;stagnant-lookingwater;motionlessturtlesSound:clawing;shufflingsoundSmell:unpleasantmixtureofstrongchemicaldeodorizers;urine-soakednewspapers;mu

14、stysawdustTouch:lickthehumanhands,Words&Phrases,where,inwhich,under,below,beneath,down,over,above,along,through,north(en),totheleft,nextto,ontheoppositeside,totheleft(right),inback,nearby,beyond,intheforeground,inthebackground,SummarySample2,Itisadescriptionof“mygrandfathersbarn”Deplorablespecificwo

15、rdsandarrangesthesedescriptivedetailsinanaturalorderoftheirphysicallayout:exteriortotheinteriorofthebarn.outsidefromtoptothebottominsidefromlefttotherightandtotheoverheadThereadercanvisualizethesceneveryvividlyandgrasptherelationshipsoftheobjects.,ReviewtheUnit,VerticalorderHorizontalorderDepthorder

16、CircularorderCenter-to-circumferenceorder,KeysforExercises,P3033614752Relationship:Primarily,theorganizationoftheparagraphrepresentsmovementingeographicalspaceP31-41).In,Above,Infrontof,under,through,Behind2).Thecentralfocusis“ashockingexperience”.Tosupportthemainidea,thewriterusesalotofdescriptionsandorganizesthesedetailsaccordingtothespacerelationship,andthuscoherenceisachieved.,P315into,crosses,Inthecenterof,Outside,inside,On,over,down,linedwith,After