大学英语B网络统考语法(II)

1、网络统考考前辅导语法语法（II）,Tomwasveryhappywhenhisparentstoldhimthatthey_backtoAmericasoon.A.wouldcomeB.willcomeC.iscomingD.arecoming答案:A,时态及语态复习,CompanyName,He_morethan5000Englishwordswhenheenteredtheuniversity.A.haslearnedB.hadlearnedC.wouldhavelearnedD.learned答案：B,时态及语态复习,CompanyName,MyaunthaslivedinNewYork

2、_1995.A.forB.duringC.inD.since答案：D,时态及语态复习,CompanyName,Whenmothercamehome,shelearnedthathercat_forhalfanhour.A.haddiedB.diedC.wouldbedeadD.hadbeendead答案：D,时态及语态复习,CompanyName,AftertheMinisterofEducationhadfinishedspeakingatthepressconference,hewasmade_allsortsofawkwardquestions.A.answerB.answeringC.

3、answeredD.toanswer答案：D,时态及语态复习,CompanyName,Takethismedicinetwiceaday,Peter?-DoIhavetotakeit?It_soterrible.istastingistastedtasteshastasted,C,时态及语态复习,CompanyName,时态及语态复习,Mywatchhasbeenlosingtimeforthepastweek.Itprobablyneeds_.A.cleaningB.tocleanC.cleanedD.tobecleaning答案：A,CompanyName,非谓语动词形式,非谓语动词,动名

4、词,分词,不定式,现在分词,过去分词,CompanyName,一动词不定式,2、动词不定式的常见用法,(一)、不定式作主语,当不定式作主语时，习惯上用作it形式主语，而将动词不定式后置，构成固定句型。Its+adj+todosth.,（1）TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.（2）Toprotectourenvironmentisveryimportant.,（1）ItsnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.（2）Itsimportanttoprotectourenvironment.,CompanyName,如果要说明不定式表示的动作是谁做的，可以在不定式前

5、加一个由for引起的短语。Itiseasyforthestudentstoread.Itwillbeamistakeforustohelpyou.Itiseasyformetofinishthisworkbeforeten.Itisagreathonorforustobepresentatyourbirthdayparty.,CompanyName,不定式的特殊句型,Ittakessb.timetodosth.某人花多少时间做某事Eg.Ittookmeonlyfiveminutestofinishthejob.spend+时间、金钱+(in/on)doingsth.Ispendfiveminu

6、tesfinishingthejob.,CompanyName,(2)作宾语,Iwanttoknowthismatter.,能接不定式作宾语的常见动词有：like,demand,want,expect,promise,begin,determine,refuse,offer,fail,manage,learn,agree,seem,hope,intend,prefer,promise,forget,decide,mean,prepare,pretend,continue,wish,start,afford,hate等,CompanyName,注意：不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往

7、把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it作形式宾语。,Ifind/feelitinterestingtoworkwithhim,MyteachermadeitaruleonlytospeakEnglishinclass.,主语+find/think/feel/makeit+adj/n+todosth.,CompanyName,实例演习,WangTaohopestobeascientistinthefutureandwishestovisitthemoonbyhimself.Hewouldliketocollectpicturesaboutthemoonverymuch,sohelearnsto

8、searchtheInternetandwantstogetmoreInformation.Thenheplanstobuyacomputer,buthecantaffordtobuyone.Nowhecantwaittolookforajobanddecidestoworkhardatit.Atthesametimehegetreadytomakehisdreamcometrue.,CompanyName,(3)作宾语补足语,Heaskedmetodotheworkwithhim,能用于此用法的动词有：ask,get,expect,wish,want,help,permit,beg,enco

9、urage,order,prefer,advise,like,callon,dependon,askfor,waitfor等,CompanyName,注意：在一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：make,have,let；四看：see,watch,notice,observe等词后的补足语中，不定式不带to。Theteachermademeanswerthequestion.Wewatchedthemplayfootball.但是这些句中如果变成被动结构时，就必须带to。,Ioftenhearhimsingthesong,Heisoftenheardtosingtheson

10、g,CompanyName,Onedaymymotherallowedmetogotothepark,butshewarnedmenottocomebacklate.MyfatherlikedmetogowithLucy,becausehewantedmetolearnEnglishfromLucy.Iinvitedhertogowithme.LucytaughtmetostudyEnglishandencouragedmetospeakmoreEnglish.SometimessheaskedmetoteachherChinese.Iwouldlikehertostaywithmeverym

11、uch,soItoldhertowaitformeoutsidetheschoolgateeverySaturday.,CompanyName,(4)作定语,Ihavesomebooksforyoutoread.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?Myfatherhassomethingimportanttotellme.注：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点，工具，内容等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。HeislookingforaroomtoliveinThereisnothingtoworryaboutPleasegiveme

12、aknifetocutwith,CompanyName,表示目的、原因、结果或条件。Icameheretoseeyou(目的)Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews(原因)Hehurriedtotheschooltofindnobodythere.(结果),(5)作状语,CompanyName,目的状语还可以用inorderto或soasto来表示。,Inordertopasstheexam，heworkedveryhard,Weranallthewaysoasnottobelate,“too+adj/adv+todo”也作状语，表示太而不能,Heistoooldtodo

13、that,另外句子中有enough这个词时，常用不定式作状语。,Theroomisbigenoughtoholdus,CompanyName,(6)作表语Myjobistohelpthepatient(7)作独立成分Totellthetruth，Idontagreewithyou,CompanyName,(8)不定式与疑问词who，which，when，where,how，what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语表语、宾语等。Hedidntknowwhattosay.(宾语)Myquestioniswhentostart(表语)Howtosolvetheproblemisveryimpor

14、tant.（主语）,CompanyName,注意：在与why连用时，只用于why或whynot开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带to。Whynothavearest?,CompanyName,不定式的时态、语态,CompanyName,动词不定式的时态,1.Iopenedthedoortoentertheroom.,2.Mr.Smithisgoingtoattendthemeetingtobeheldtomorrow.,.一般式(todo).,不定式的一般式所表示的动作（状态）同时（或几乎同时）发生，或之后发生。,CompanyName,.进行式(tobedoing),1.Iamve

15、rygladtobeworkingwithyou.,2.Heissaidtobecoming.,如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。,动词不定式的时态,CompanyName,动词不定式的时态,.完成式（tohavedone),1.Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong.,2.YouseemedtohavereadthenovelwrittenbyMr.Smith.,不定式表示的动作先发生。,CompanyName,不定式的语态,Itisanhonorformetobeinvitedtoyourparty.Aftergraduation,

16、heaskedtobesenttoworkinthecountryside.,ThisnovelissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoFrench.Hewasthefirststudenttohavebeenpunishedbytheteacher.,当不定式逻辑上的主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者时.,tobedone/tohavebeendone,CompanyName,Heclaimed_inthesuppermarketwhenhewasdoingshoppingyesterday.beingbadlytreatedB.treatingbadlyC.tobetre

17、atedbadlyD.tohavebeenbadlytreated,CompanyName,Bobsaidthatitiseasy_.A.forhimbeingontimeB.beingontimeforhimC.forhimtobeontimeD.ontimeforhim答案：C。,CompanyName,Wouldyoulet_totheparkwithmyclassmate,Mum?A.megoB.megoingC.IgoD.Igoing答案：A。,CompanyName,二.动名词,2、动名词的句法功能,A、动名词作主语,Doing+v.+nouseIts+nogood+doingwo

18、rthThereisno+doing.,CompanyName,e.g.ReadingisimportantinlearningEnglish.Lookingafterthepatientsisanursesjob.Itsnogoodgettinguptoolate.Thereisnojokingaboutthematter.,CompanyName,B.动名词作宾语:主语+及物动词+doing避免错过延期avoidmissdelay/postpone建议完成练习suggest/advisefinishpractise喜欢想象禁不住enjoy/appreciateimagineresist/c

19、anthelp承认否定嫉妒admitdenyenvy逃脱冒险原谅escape/envyriskpardon/excuse忍受保持在意standkeep/keeponmind,CompanyName,作介词/短语动词的宾语:主语+v.+prep.+doinglookforwardtobeusedtoputoffgiveup主语+keepon+doingsucceedincanthelpfeellikebebusy,CompanyName,e.g.Shesattherewithoutspeaking.Ilookforwardtoseeinghimagain.Areyouusedtolivingth

20、erealone?Whenmyfatherheardthenews,hecouldnthelplaughing.Idontfeellikegoingtoseethefilm.Hewasbusypreparinghislessons.,CompanyName,既可接动词不定式又可接动名词作宾语的动词有两类：,CompanyName,1.stop,todosth表示停止原来的事开始干另一件事,doing表示停止正在做的事,2.goon,todosth,doingsth,（1）Thebabyissleeping,pleasedontstopsinging.（2）Afteralongwalk,hest

21、oppedtohavearest.,（1）Hewentonworkingallday.（2）Afterhefinishedhishomework,hewentontoreviewhislessons.,CompanyName,3.forgetremember,doingsth忘记、记住过去做过的一件事,todosth忘记、记住要做一件事,（1）Dontforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheoffice.（2）Irememberedmeetingtheteacherbefore,heworkedinthelab.,CompanyName,mean,todo,

22、doing,try,todo,doing,regret,todo,doing,CompanyName,C.动名词作表语:主语+be+doinge.g.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Mygreatesthappinessisservingthepeople.,CompanyName,动名词做表语与现在进行时的区别,Thenursesjobislookingafterthepatients.Thenurseislookingafterthepatients.,CompanyName,D.动名词作定语,动名词作定语通常表示被修饰词的用途。,aswimmingpool=apoolforswimming,asleepingcar=acarforsleepingreadingroom,dininghall,shoppingcenter,CompanyName,2.动名词时态、语态,CompanyName,动名词的时态,完成式（havingdone),Iregrethavingmadesuchamistake.,动名词