小升初名词专题及练习及易错题

1、名 词一教学内容1复习上节课的内容，巩固上节课的重难点2讲解新课内容a.名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词linda 琳达 boy 男孩 dog 狗 table 桌子 park 公园 paris 巴黎 peace 和平 courage 勇气b名词的分类 总的来说，英语中的名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两类专业名词人名、星期、月份、节日、城市、建筑、团体、机构的名称等 peter , sonw white , sunday , april , christmas day , china , london , the united nations 联合国，the communis

2、t party of china 中国共产党 普通名词可数名词个体名词 doctor医生，teacher老师，orange桔子，desk课桌 集合名词 police 警察，people 人民，family 家庭，army 军队 ，class 同学不可数名词抽象名词 time 时间fun 玩笑，kindness 善意，idea 主意，knowledge 知识youth 青春 ， love 爱 ，物质名词 rice 大米，water 水，fire 火，air 空气 c.名词的数 可数名词与不可数名词：可数名词由单数变为复数形式，其构成方法分为规则和不规则两种可数名词复数变化规则一般名词复数构成法构

3、成法例词一般情况下，在名词单数形式的词尾加sbook-books, day-days, desk-desks以-s, -x,，-ch，-sh，结尾的名词，在词尾加esclass-classes, box-boxes, match-matches, wish- wishes以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，将y变成i后加es以元音字母+y结尾的名词，直接+scity-cities, country-countries, factory-factoriesboy-boys,key-keys,guy-guys以-f或-fe结尾的名词，一般将f或fe变成v后，再加esleaf-leaves, wife-wi

4、ves, life- lives, thief-thieves, knife-knives, half-halves, shelf-shelves以辅音字母加o结尾的名词，一般在词尾加eshero-heroes, negro-negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes，zoo-zoos,radio-rodios,photo photos 名词复数的不规则变化某些名词的不规则复数形式构成法构成法例词变内部元音footfeet，manmen toothteeth，womanwomen ,policewomanpolicewomen单复数同形fish-fish

5、 ,deer-deer ,sheep-sheep ,chinese-chinesejapannese- japanese, swiss,yuan完全不规则child-children, mouse-mice, ox- oxen复合名词主要词改复数boy student- boys students含man和woman的前后两个词都改复数man doctor men doctorswoman teacher women teachers注：有些词只有复数形式 （1） 某些通常以复数形式出现的名词。如：trousers，glasses(眼镜),shoes等。 不可数名词：英文中的不可数名词不易把握

6、，我们不能按照汉语的思维去判断一个名词到底是可数还是不可数，因此，对于不可数名词需要强化记忆，但总的来讲不可数名词是有规律的；物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词，表示不可以计数的事物的名词叫不可数名词，一般不分单数和复数，这类词通常不可以和不定冠词连接，也不可以加上基数词表示个数，因此，不可数名词要计量的话，就得用单位词，学过的不可数名词有：news，paper，milk，orange（桔子汁），bread， chalk，truth，water，rice，work，housework，homework，luck，ink，meat，money ，sugar， grass，ice等等。 1 物质名词通

7、常不可数液体beer,blood,coffee,cream,honey,juice,milk,oil,tea,water,wine固体：bread,butter,cheese,ice,ice-cream,meat,beef,chicken,fish气体：air,fog,smoke2 抽象名词通常不可数advice,anger,beauty,confidence,fun,happiness,health,information,love,peace,luck3 总称的名词通常不可数总称名词（不可数）部分名词（可数）furniture(家具)chair,table,bedfruit(水果)appl

8、e,orange,bananajewelry(珠宝)ring(戒指)，earring（耳环）necklace（项链）luggagebag(包) suitcase（手提箱）4 不可数名词的度量1）不可数名词前面不能加冠词a/an 如: a water, a bread,an advice,a furniture2) 不可数名词没有复数形式 如：two waters,two breads，ten advices3) 表示不可数名词的数量，可以借用量词（单位词）来表示其量的概念;不同类型的不可数名词所使用的量词也不一样，一般规则如下：修饰词例词短语用piece，bit修饰的抽象名词，物质名词advi

9、ce/cakechalkicemeatmusicnewspaperworksugar；a bit of breadgrassnewstroublewood/furniture/information,a piece of news,two pieces of news,several pieces of furniture用bottle,cup,drop,glass修饰液体beer,blood,coffee,milk,tea,water,wineseveral drops of blood, a glass of milk,two cups of coffeee. 名词的所有格 名词中表示所有

10、关系的形式叫名词所有格。在表示人或物品的所属关系时，就需要用到名词所有格。所有格有两种形式：一种是- s格，即在名词后面加-s,多用来修饰有生命的东西；另一种是of格，即在介词of后面加名词，多用来修饰没有生命的东西例如：where is the teachers office？中的teachers一词。 -s格情况改法例子一般情况名词的末尾加-slilys room, the girls father以-s结尾的复数名词名词的末尾加-teachers day复数名词不以s结尾加s名词的末尾加-schildrens day拥有东西时几个人共同拥有在最后一个人名加-sjim and kates

11、kite（两人共同拥有的）分别拥有在每个人名后加-sjims and kates kite（各自拥有）表示店铺或某人的家所有格-s后面通常不出现它所修饰的名词，名词所有格直接表示具体的意义the barbers 理发店the whites 怀特家（2）0f格名词代表的事物是没有生命，常用of组成的短语表示所有格，如：the colour of the desk, a picture of a cat，the first lesson of this term名词考点分析：考点一：名词的复数例题 写出下列单词的复数形式mouth _ boy _ englishman _wife _ story

12、_ piano _box _ potato _ 考点二： 名词的复数在句中的应用1.these are your _.a apple b books c pen2. this is a _. a women b man c men3.look! there are some _(sheep) and _(fox) in the zoo.举一反三练习一 用所给单词的适当形式填空1. the _(child) are talking to their teacher.2. in the past,none of the bus drivers were _(woman)3. these are _

13、(boy) names.4. they are _ (woman) doctors.5. they are from _(japanese).二 单词选择1we are _ and we speak _. a chinese,chinese b chinese ,china c china,chinese d chinese,chinese2. -whos that _? -hes my brother. a man b woman c men d women3. those girls are _. a americans b an american c americas d america

14、n4. i want three _ and four _ milk,please. a bags,bottle b bag,bottle of c bags,bottle of d bags,bottles of 5. i dont have any _,but i have some _. a apple,juice b apple,juices c apples,juice d apples,juices名词练习按要求写出下列单词的复数形式1 man _ 2 woman_ 3 banana_ 4 bus_ 5 child_ 6 foot_ 7 businessman_ 8 sheep_

15、9 leaf_ 10 dish_ 11 pen _ 12 deer_ 13 baby_ 14 map_ 15 city_ 16 box_ 17 book_ 18 class_ 19 hero_ 20 knife_ 21 car _ 22 fox_ 23 watch_ 24 library_ 25 pear_ 26 skirt _ 27 shelf _ 28 cinema _ 29 eye_ 30 office_ 31 tomato _ 32 tooth_ 33 radio _ 34 zoo_下列名词有没有复数形式，有的请在横线上写出来，没有的请在横线上画 “/”1. mokey _ 2. cl

16、ass _ 3. cola _ 4. shelf _5. rice _ 6. nurse _ 7. peach _ 8. library _9. dog _ 10. milk _ 11. dress _ 12. postman _13. tooth _ 12. sister _ 15. sheep _ 16. cinema _17. dish _ 18. wall _ 19. child _ 20. bread _选择正确的词填空1 those hamburgers are _(tom,toms).2 nina is at _ (grandmas,grandma),she went there

17、 yesterday.3 we have 16 new _(light,lights).4 _(the classrooms door,the door of the classroom)is broken.5 my friend edward has three _(child,children).6 do you like eating _(rice,rices)7 there re 4 _ (tea,cups of tea) on the desk.8 how many _ (wolfs,wolves) are there?9 i like _ (chicken,chickens) be

18、tter than pork.下列名词的正确形式填空。1.is this _(apple) ? no, it isnt.2.what are these? they are _( orange).3.pass me _(pencil ).4.give me some _(egg)., please.5.are those your _( shoe)? yes, they are.6.those shoes are _( tom).7.is the big _ （orange）lindas?8.this _(t-shirt) is big.9.how many _(fish) are there

19、 in the river?10.they have some new _（hat）.11.a pigs _ (ear) are big.选择题( )1the girls_ are lily and lucy aname bnames cnames ( )2is that_in english? aa car bcar c. cars( )3how many _ can you see? aa colour bcolour ccolours( )4i have three _. a. a sister b. sisters c. sister( )5one，two，three five. fi

20、ve _. a. monkey b. monkeies c. monkeys( )6. are you a _? a. boy b. bogs c. pen( )7this is a _. abox b. bags cboys( )8she is a good _. ateachers bteacher cboy( )9they are _ awoman bwomans cwomen( )10. there is _ on the table. a. box b. a box c. boxes( )11. there are two _ on the desk.a. pencil-box b.

21、 pencils- box c. pencil- boxes( ) 12. how many _ are there in the room?a. girls b. girl c. boy and girls( ) 13. there are five _ in the classroom.a. children b. childrens c. childs( ) 14. they arent from the same _. a. faimilys b. families c. family( ) 15. they are having _ . a. a class b. a english

22、 class c. china class（ ）16. are toms chinese _ new? a. book b. books c. a book( )17. the _ are in room 304. a. student b. a student c. students( ) 18. those new _ are for you. a. shirts b. skirt c. shoe( )19. the _ has some nice pictures. a. boys b. teachers c. child( ) 20. the _ are singing in the

23、house. a. woman b. women c. man( ) 21. some _ are eating grass on the hill. a. sheep b. hores c. cow( )22. how many _ are there in the box? a. knife b. knifes c. knives( )23. - whose _ is it? - maybe its _. a. jackets, toms b. jacket, tom c. jacket, toms( )24. those are the _ books. a. teachers b. t

24、eachers c. teacher( ) 25. therere a lot of children in the park on _ day. a. children b. childrens c. childrens( )26. its _ bedroom. a. amy and annas b. amys and annas c. amy and anna( ) 27. that is _ dog. a. jacks b. jacks c. jack( ) 28. _ coats are very nice. a. jim and tims b. jims and tims c. jim and tim( ) 29. september 10th is _. a. teachers day b. teachers day c. teachers day根据中文提示补全句子1. when you feel headache, you must stay in bed and take some _（药）.2. my father likes collecti