定语从句复习

1、高考英语定语从句专项复习,Designed by JokerChandler 王茄洪,定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词，起定语作用（修饰限定）的从句叫做定语从句。,关系词,关系代词：that/which/who（whom/whose）/as 关系副词：when/where/why,关系代词/副词的用法关系代词在从句中的所指和充当的成分注：关系副词在句中作状语（时间/地点/原因）,例句,The man who came to our school is Yaoming.(指人做主） The girl whom I met is Lucy.（指人做宾） The child whose parent

2、s are dead is called Tom.（指人做定） I like the book which you bought yesterday.（指物做宾） His parents would not let him marry anyone whose family was poor.（指人做定） I like the person to whom you just talked.（指人做宾） We shall never forget the days that we spent together.（指物做宾） We shall never forget the days when

3、we lived together. （时间状语）,分析定语从句,1.画从句，从空起到第二个动词前 例如：The man 丨_ came to our school丨 is Yaoming. 2.判断从句缺不缺成分（不缺成分填关系副词，缺成分填关系代词） 例如上述句子中，came to是动词短语，our school是宾语，缺了主语 3.判断空上所填的关系代词/副词指人还是指物 例如上述句子中，空前面The man是先行词，是人，指人做主的先行词为who/that,定语从句的两种形式：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,This is the movie which we saw last ni

4、ght.（限制性定语从句）【可以理解为集合中的一个子集，表示特指】 The movie ,which is called The foundation of a Republic ,is very wonderful.（非限制性定语从句）【不表示特指，只起补充说明作用。标志就是逗号】,定语从句中只能用that的情况, 先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything 等不定代词时（当先行词为someone或其它指代人的不定代词时，可用who）.例如：All that he said is true. 先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时

5、.例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词.例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret. 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词.This is the best book (that) I have read this year. 先行词既包括人又包括物时.例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered.,定语从句中只能用which的情况,在非限制性

6、定语从中.例如：The meeting was put off,which was exactly what we wanted.定语从句由介词+关系代词引导,先行词是物时.例如：The thing about which he is talking is of great importance. 注：当介词前移时指人用whom，指物用which，不可用that,As与which的辨析,As 和which都可以引导非限定性定语从句，在用法上有一些区别。1.as 和which都可以在定语从句中作主语，宾语，既可修饰一个词也可修饰前面的整个句子。 A.She accepted his propos

7、al, as(which)was natural. 她接受了她的求婚，这是自然而然的。 B.The boy is pretty handsome, as(which)we can see in our classroom. 这个男孩非常的帅气，正如我们在教室看到。,As与which的辨析,2.as 在非限定性定语从句中的使用2.1 as可以放在主句之前，主句之后，也可以放在句中，可以说位置很灵活。但是which常用在主句之后A.As we know,technology just like a engine to push the development of economics. 众所周知，

8、技术就像是引擎推动着经济的发展。 B.The diva,as you know, is famous throughoutthe world. 这个女歌剧演唱家，正如你知道的，在全世界都出名。 C.He has stood her up, which I dont believe. 他没有赴约，这事我不相信。,As与which的辨析,2.2 as与the same，such 连用时，用as。A.This is the same phone as I have borrowed from my sister. 这个手机和我向我姐姐借的一样。B.I have never had such a ch

9、ance to make a speech as I always imagined. 我从没有这样一个机会去演讲，正如我一直想象的那样。,As与which的辨析,2.3在从句中谓语动词为被动语态，缺少主语时用as，不用which。A.Everyone knows that she has left, as was expected. 所有人都知道她又一次离开了，正如我们预料的那样。,介词+关系代词结构,1. “介词+ which”在关系分句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when, where和why。如： I still remember the day on which

10、 (= when) I first came to school. 我仍然记得初来学校的那一天。 The factory in which (= where) I work is a large one. 我工作的工厂是一个大厂子。 2. “介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作地点状语，表示存在关系，关系分句主谓常须倒装。如： They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat a small boy. 他们来到一处农舍，前边坐着一个小男孩。 I saw a man, on the head of whom stood

11、 a bird. 我看见一个人，他的头上有一只鸟。,介词+关系代词结构,3. “不定代词或数词+ of + which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作主语，说明整体中的一部分。如： China has a lot of islands, one of which is Diaoyu. 中国有许多岛屿，其中之一是钓鱼岛。 There are a lot of students here, none of whom like the film. 这里有许多学生，他们之中无人喜欢这部电影。 4. “介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”在关系分句中作目的、方式或地点状语。如： Co

12、uld you tell me for whom youve bought this coat? 你能告诉我这件衣服是给谁买的吗？ The man, from whom I learned the news, is an engineer. 这人是一位工程师，我是从他那里得到这个消息的。,介词+关系代词结构,5. “介词+ which（指物）/whom（指人）”用于被动结构的关系分句中，作状语，说明动作的执行者。如： The wolf by which the sheep was killed was shot. 伤害羊的那只狼被打死了。 The man by whom the wolf wa

13、s shot was a good hunter. 打死狼的那人是一个好猎手。 6. “名词+ of which”代替“whose +名词”在关系分句中作定语。如： I saw some trees, the leaves of which (= whose leaves ) were black with disease. 我看见一些树，它们的叶子因害病而发黑。 He mentioned a book, the title of which (= whose title) Ive forgotten. 他提到一本书，书名我忘了。,介词+关系代词结构,7. “介词+ which（指物）/who

14、se（指人）”修饰后边的名词。如： It rained all night and all day, during which time the ship broke into pieces. 雨下了一天一夜，就在这期间轮船撞碎了。 The driver was the man from whose room she had stolen the maps. 司机就是那个男人，她从他的房间偷走地图。 8. “介词+ which +不定式”。此种用法多见于正文体中，相当于一个带有主语和谓语的定语从句。如： She had only 1.87 with which to buy (= she co

15、uld buy) Jim, her husband, a present. 她只有一元八角七分钱，用这些钱她给丈夫吉姆买一件礼物。分句中分别可作时间、地点和原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when, where和why。如： The factory in which (= where) I work is a large one. 我工作的工厂是一个大厂子。 This is the reason for which (= why )he was put in prison. 这就是他为什么被关起来的原因。,The way做先行词,分两种情况 当定语从句中不缺成分时可用that，in which，或不填 当定语从句中缺成分时可用that，which，或不填（作宾） 例句：第种情况 1. I dont like the way he speaks to his mother.2. I dont like the way in which he