英语九大状语从句

1、语法专题,状语从句the Adverbial Clauses,大庆实验中学 赵源,概念： 状语从句在句子中充当状语，表示主句动作发生的时间、地点、条件、方式、目的、比较、原因、结果等。,九种状语从句,时间状语从句 地点状语从句 原因状语从句 条件状语从句 让步状语从句 结果状语从句 目的状语从句 方式状语从句 比较状语从句,While I was walking along the street, I found many beatiful buildings. ( ) 2. Where there is a will, there is a way. ( ) 3. Now that/Sinc

2、e everybody is here, lets begin our meeting. （ ） 4. Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me. ( ) 5. So clever was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems. ( ),时间,地点,原因,目的,结果,判断下列状语从句类型：,6. As long as you dont lose heart, youll succeed. ( ) 7. Although he tried hard, he did

3、not find a job. ( ) 8. The old lady treats the boy as if he were his own son. ( ) 9.He is taller than I am. ( ),条件,让步,方式,比较,判断下列状语从句类型：,高考对状语从句主要考查的知识点： (1)状语从句连接词的选用 (2)状语从句的时态 学习重点： (1)9大类状语从句的连接词的使用 (2)状语从句与主句的时态关系,熟 读 深 思,1. 时间状语从句 划出引导时间状语从句的连接词并体会其含义： (1) I was doing some cooking when the door

4、bell rang. (2) While walking across the car, the boy was knocked over by a running car. (3) As time goes by, we grow up. (4) I had felt hungry before I arrived home. (5) It has been four years since I came to Shanghai.,熟 读 深 思,划出引导时间状语从句的连接词并体会其含义： (6) I slept until the clock alarmed. (7) I didnt sl

5、eep until my father came back. (8) She gave a ring to her parents immediately she landed in Japan. (9) No sooner had we had supper than we began to repair the machine. (10) Every time I see the film, I cant help recalling my childhood in the countryside.,归 纳 总 结,时间状语从句常用连词有： when/while/as before/ af

6、ter; since; until;not .until n. : the second/the minute/the moment/the instant 一.就. adv.conj. : instantly/ immediately/directly phr. :as soon as 刚.就. No sooner had sb donethan sb did Hardly had sb done when sb did time: the first time / every time / each time / next time,连接词when的用法小结 when可用来引导时间状语从句

7、，意为“当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是短暂的。 如： When the film ended, they went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. 2. When 常用于下列句式：意为“就在那时”。 如： was doing somethingwhen. was about to dowhen. was on the point of doing sth. when had (just)donewhen.,时间状语从句 1. (14北京春) We were swimming i

8、n the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 2. (12上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. whileD. when 3. (15上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. th

9、atD. until 4. (15福建) Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. thatD. until 5. (06辽宁) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while,A,D,B,B,C,1. while可用来引导时间状语，意为“当的时候”；引

10、导的动作必须是持续性的，如： Please dont talk so loud while others are working. 2. while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示两者对比。 Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue. 3. while也可用来引导让步状语，意为“尽管，虽然”；位于句首，相当于although。 While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved. 4 . 谚语： Str

11、ike while the iron is hot.,连接词while的用法小结,6. (15天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while 7. (14年江苏) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Bef

12、ore D. Unless 8. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal. A when B As C While D Before 9. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal.(全国) A. so that B. although C. while D. as if,D,A,C,C,时间状语从句,As I left the h

13、ouse, I forgot the key. 2. As I get older, I get more optimistic. 3. He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 4. As the weather is so bad, we have to stay home. 5. You can do it as you like. 6. Old as he is, he is still energetic. 7. He speaks English as fluently as a native speaker. 8. As a stud

14、ent, we should study hard.,conj.当时候,conj.随着.,conj.一边.,conj.由于.,conj.像/按照.,conj.尽管/虽然.,adv. conj. 像一样,说出下列句子中as的含义和词性：,conj. 尽管,as用法小结,1.引导时间状语从句：强调同时发生或紧接着发生，动作无先后。 当时候 一边一边 随着 2.引导原因状语从句：由于 3.引导方式状语从句：像，如 4.引导让步状语从句：虽然 5.引导比较状语从句：asas和一样 6.介词：作为,连接词when, while, as的用法区别： when, while, as这三个连词都可表示“当的时

15、候”，使用时应注意： 1) when可表示一个时间点，也可表示一个时间段。如： When he came in, we were having supper. When we were having supper, the light suddenly went out. 2) while则只表示一个时间段。它所引导的时间状语从句中的时态常用进行时态。 如：When/While he was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring. While he was watching TV, the boy fell asleep. 3) as

16、则强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行;也可表示“随着”， 。 She sang as she walked along. As the election approached, the violence（暴行） got worse.,用while, when, as 填空：, _ I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store. _ John arrived, I was cooking lunch. _ he grew older, he lost interest in everythi

17、ng except gardening. I was wandering through the street_ I caught sight of a tailors shop. _ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.,When/While/As,When,As,when,While,till, until和notuntil小结： 1.until/till从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动作，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如： We waited until/till he came. 2

18、.用于否定句not.until .时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： He wont go to bed until her father returns. 3.till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4.notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.,连接词before的小

19、结： 1）It will be段时间before“要过多久才” It will be two years before he leaves the country. 2）It will not be long before“不用多久就” It wont be long before she comes back. 3）It was +时间段+before 从句 “过了多久才”（动作已发生） It was three weeks before he came back. 4）It was not long before“没过多久就了” 如： It wasnt long before he lef

20、t the country. 连接词since的小结： 5）It is/hasbeen时间段since sb. did It was时间段since sb. had done 如： It is/has been three years since I saw her last time.,It will be two years before he leaves the country. It wont be long before she comes back. It was three weeks before he came back. It wasnt long before he l

21、eft the country. It is/has been three years since I saw her last time.,还要过两年他才会离开这个国家。,没过多久他就离开这个国家了。,才过了三周他就回来了。,用不了多久她就会回来。,我和她已经三年没见面了。,巩固-翻译句子：,熟 读 深 思,2. 条件状语从句 说出下列红色字体的含义： He will play basketball after school if he finishes his work. I will not attend the meeting unless I am invited.,说出下列红色字体

22、的含义： He can use the bicycle on condition ( that ) he returns it tomorrow. We didnt know what we should do once the money was used up. I shall go provided/providing ( that ) it doesnt rain. Suppose / Supposing ( that ) we miss the train, what shall we do?,条件状语从句常用连词有： if/ unless / once(一旦) / as long

23、as /so long as / on condition (that)（若是./以.为条件）/ provided（如果，假如，在.条件下） / providing (that)/suppose（假定，假设，设想） / supposing (that)等。,归 纳 总 结,He can use the bicycle on condition ( that ) he returns it tomorrow. We didnt know what we should do once the money was used up. I shall go provided/providing ( th

24、at ) it doesnt rain. Suppose / Supposing ( that ) we miss the train, what shall we do?,巩固-翻译句子：,他可以使用这辆自行车条件是明天把它还回来。,一旦钱都花光了，我们将不知道该怎么办了。,假设不下雨，我就去。,假如我们错过了这趟火车，我们该怎么办？,熟 读 深 思,3. 原因状语从句 说出下列句子中划线部分的含义： (1) Its because he likes dancing that he says dancing is very easy. (2) The day has broken, for

25、the birds are singing now. (3) Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else. (4) As its dark, wed better go off work now. (5) Now_that you feel sick, you can have a rest in bed. (6) His request is unreasonable in that he knows we cant afford it.,归 纳 总 结,原因状语从句的常见连词：because, for, since, a

26、s, now that, when,in that等。 规则1：because 表示直接的、必然的原因，不能与so连用。常用来回答why所提的问题。在强调句型中，若强调原因，只能用because，即It is because that，如：(1)；而for表示推理性的补充说明的原因，不能放在句首，如：(2)。 规则2：since 表示众所周知的原因，“既然”，常放在句首，如：(3)。,归 纳 总 结,规则3：as 表示客观原因，“由于”，常放在句首，如：(4)。 规则4：now that 通常表示用新出现的情况作为原因，“既然”，如：(5)。,熟 读 深 思,3. 原因状语从句 再次体会下列句

27、子中划线部分的含义： (1) Its because he likes dancing that he says dancing is very easy. (2) The day has broken, for the birds are singing now. (3) Since you cant answer the question, Ill ask someone else. (4) As its dark, wed better go off work now. (5) Now_that you feel sick, you can have a rest in bed. (6)

28、 His request is unreasonable in that he knows we cant afford it.,熟 读 深 思,4. 结果状语从句 翻译句子，注意划线部分含义： (1) The house is so_expensive_that I cant afford it. (2) This is so_interesting_a_book that we all want to read it. (3) There are so_many_new_words in the passage that I cant understand it. (4) He is su

29、ch_a_clever_boy that we all like him.,归 纳 总 结,规则：结果状语从句常见连词：sothat/suchthat 意为“如此以至于”。,熟 读 深 思,5. 目的状语从句 翻译句子，注意划线部分含义： (1)We got up early in_order_that we could catch the first bus. (2)We got up early for_fear_that/lest/in_case_that we should miss the first bus.,归 纳 总 结,目的状语从句常见的连词有：(1) in order th

30、at / so that 意为“为了”；(2) in case that / for fear that/ lest 意为“以免；以防”等。 规则1：so that/ in order that 从句 (从句用can / could / may / might 动词原形)，如：(1)。We got up early in_order_that we could catch the first bus. 规则2：for fear that/in case that 从句，意为“以防，万一”，从句可以用虚拟语气，即“should 动词原形”，如：(2)。We got up early for_fe

31、ar_that/lest/in_case_that we should miss the first bus.,熟 读 深 思,6. 地点状语从句 翻译句子，注意划线部分含义： (1) Make a mark where you have problems. (2) I will find him wherever he may be.,归 纳 总 结,地点状语从句常见的连词有： 1. where 在地方，如：(1)。 2. wherever 无论在地方，如：(2)。,熟 读 深 思,7. 让步状语从句 翻译句子，注意划线部分含义： (1) Although he is rich, he ne

32、ver wastes a coin. (2) Rich man as he is, he works hard. (3) Hard as he worked, he failed. (4) Try as he might, Tom could not get out of the difficulty. (5) Even_if it snows tomorrow, we shall still go on business. (6) No_matter_who (Whoever) breaks the rule, he will be punished. (7) Whether you go

33、or not tomorrow, we will go outing. (8)Hes the best teacher, even though he has the least experience.,归 纳 总 结,规则1：although / though / while 意为“虽然；尽管”，如：(1)。 规则2：adj./adv. n. + asthough+. 意为“虽然；尽管” v.(原形),将下列三个句子改写成规则2 的形式： He is a rich man, but he works hard. He worked hard, but he failed. He might

34、try, but Tom could not get out of the difficulty.,归 纳 总 结,规则1：although / though / while 意为“虽然；尽管”，如：(1)。 规则2：adj./adv. n. + asthough+. 意为“虽然；尽管” v.(原形),将下列三个句子改写成规则2 的形式： Rich man as/though he is, he works hard. Hard as/though he worked, he failed. Try as/though he might, Tom could not get out of th

35、e difficulty.,归 纳 总 结,规则3：even if / even though意为“即使，纵然”。even if侧重于假设；even though侧重于事实，如：(5)Even_if it snows tomorrow, we shall still go on business.(8)Hes the best teacher, even though he has the least experience. 规则4：No matter how / what / where / who ； 特殊疑词ever 意为“无论怎么/ 什么/ 哪里/ 谁”，如：(6)。 规则5：whet

36、heror“无论是否”，如：(7)。,熟 读 深 思,8. 方式状语从句 翻译句子，注意划线部分含义： (1)The lights were on as though everyone had left in a hurry. (2)Do the experiment as I told you just now.,归 纳 总 结,规则1：“as if/ as though 从句”表示与客观事实不符的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，即表示现在或将来的情况用一般过去时，be用were；表示过去的情况用过去完成时，如：(1)The lights were on as though everyone had

37、 left in a hurry. 规则2：as 意为“正如”，如：(2)Do the experiment as I told you just now.,熟 读 深 思,9. 比较状语从句 翻译句子，注意划线部分含义： (1) Chinese is s_beautiful_a_language_as_English. (2) They didnt come to school as_early_as_we. (3) The boy is taller_than_his_father.,熟 读 深 思,(4) This house is two_times_the_area_of_that_

38、one. (5) This ruler is two_times_as_long_as_that_one. (6) My case is two_times_heavier_than_yours. (7) The population in this town is about six_times what it was a hundred years ago.,归 纳 总 结,规则1：asas 意为“和一样”，as后面接形容词、副词的原级，如：(1)。 规则2：not as/ soas 意为“不如；不及”，如：(2)。 规则3：than 意为“比”，如：(3)。 规则4：倍数表达 比较状语从

39、句通常与倍数表达法结合起来进行考查。它有以下几种句型： 如：(4)、(5)、(6)、(7)。,熟 读 深 思,(4) This house is two_times_the_area_of_that_one. (5) This ruler is two_times_as_long_as_that_one. (6) My case is two_times_heavier_than_yours. (7) The population in this town is about six_times what it was a hundred years ago.,重难点-状语从句的时态问题 1、T

40、he house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. （全国IV） A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. （北京春季） A. before B. since C. after D. when,C,B,重难点-状语从句的倒装问题 1、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I dete

41、rmined to learn English. (上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 2、Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize,D,A,状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：

42、 否定词开头；not until so 加 adj. 开头； as / though引导的让步状语从句。 特别注意： Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.,While watching TV, _. A the doorb

43、ell rang B the doorbell rings C we heard the door bell ring D we heard the doorbell rings,C,重难点-状语从句省略问题,1：如果主从句主语一致，从句中又有“be”时，省略主语和be。 While still a student, she played many roles. When told the secret, he was surprised. When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night If (you are) a

44、sked, you may come in. 2：从句中可省略it+是。 You can turn to me for help if necessary. If (it is) necessary / possible . Ill explain it to you again.,状语从句省略问题,重难点-状语从句与并列句的区别 1、Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man. A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet 2、 Excuse me for breaking in, _ I h

45、ave some news for you. A. so B. and C. but D. yet,A,C,对比训练与巩固,1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain. 2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son. 3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during,对比训练 1,A,B,A,1. He

46、would have a look at the bookstores _ he went to town. 2. We decide to finish the work on time, _ happens. 3. If we work with a strong will, we overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. 4. Ill give the book to _ likes English. A. whenever B. whoever C. whatever D. however,对比训练 2,A,C,D,B,对比训练 3,1. If w

47、e work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ great it is. 2. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. 3. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ difficulty it is. 4. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ difficulty it is. A. what B

48、. how C. however D. whatever,B,C,D,A,对比训练 4,1. It will be years _ we meet again. 2. It is ten years _ I came to this town. 3. It is ten years ago _ I came to this town. A. until B. that C. before D. since,C,D,B,对比训练 5,Go and get your coat. It is _ you left it. 2. You are free to go _ you like. A. th

49、ere B. where C. wherever D. when,B,C,1、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. （重庆卷） A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if 2. You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if D. or 3. The little boy wont go to sleep his mother tells him a sto

50、ry.（2010全国） A. or B. unless C. but D. whether,A,A,B,高考题汇编,4、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. （北京春季） A. Because B. As far as C. If D. Even if 5、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. （全国卷） Ain case Bso that Cin orderDas if,B

51、,A,6、 He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was. （天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 7、The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever 8. English and French are taught here. You can choose _ you like. A. no matter whichB. whichev

52、er D. whatever,A,B,no matter wh- 与 wh-ever 的联系及区别： no matter wh- 只引导让步状语从句，此时与 wh-ever通用。 No matter when / Whenever he comes back, he should be invited to the party. wh-ever又可引导名词性从句， No matter wh-不能。如： Whoever can help us will be welcome.,B,9. After the war，a new school building was put up _ there ha