虚拟语气课件(PPT)

1、Book 6 Module 5,subjuctive mood,2015.12,Would you mind if I opened the door?,I wish I had not done that.,语气,英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。,虚拟语气,虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式， 一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(常用在条件状语从句中或让步状语从句中)； 一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (常用在名词性从句中)。 简言之，即：不是事实或不大可能发生的事情

2、，就用虚拟语气来表述,虚拟语气的概念,用所给动词的适当形式填空,1.He suggested we _(start) off early the next day. 2.Its high time you _ (go) there. 3.She made the demand that she _ (leave) at once. 4.How I wish I _(be) a bird and could fly freely in the sky! 5.I would rather you _ (pay) me now. 6.We insisted they _ (not be) prese

3、nt at such meeting. 7.If only I _ (have) an apartment of my own now! 8.John pretends as if he _ (not know) the thing at all, but in fact he knows it well.,should start,went / should go,should leave,were,paid,should not be,had,did not know,1. should + 动词原形的结构,表示命令、要求、建议等意义的词有关的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句中的动词使用s

4、hould + 动词原形，或者将should省略。 常见动词： 一个坚持：insist； 两个命令：order, command 三个建议：advise, suggest, propose 四个要求：demand , require, request, ask,ExerciseHer pale face suggested that she should be ill. So I suggested that she should be sent to the hospital, but she insisted that she should not be ill.,_,was,_,was

5、not,注意： 如suggest, insist不表示建议 或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、表明、坚持认为时，宾语从句用陈述语气。,2.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法,1）wish /If only + 从句,现在： 过去： 未来：,would/could/might+V.,2）as if /though +从句,过去完成时,过去时,现在： 过去：,过去时 (did/were),过去完成时 (had done),3）would rather that -,现在/未来: 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,4)Its high time +that -,should +V.,过去时,5)Wou

6、ld you mind if -,过去时,a. if真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。,b. if虚拟条件句 表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。,If we have chances, we can have further cooperation.,If I have another chance, I will visit China again.,if真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况很有可能发生,其中if是“如果”的意思,if条件从句 一般现在时,主句 will shall+动词原形 情态动词 + 动词原形,What will you do if

7、 it rains tomorrow?,I will sleep at home if it rains tomorrow.,if虚拟条件句 表示条件是虚拟的或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。,if 引导的虚拟条件句,与现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,与将来事实可能相反,If I had a great deal of money, I would buy a villa (别墅) for my parents.,与现在事实相反,If I were the schoolmaster of Huimin No. 1 Middle school, I would let the students g

8、et up a little later to get a better sleep.,与现在事实相反,?,在此处插入图片,if虚拟条件句,动词的过去式 （be动词一般用were),would ( should / might / could )动词原形,1. If I had a great deal of money, I would buy a villa (别墅) for my parents. 2. If I were the schoolmaster of Huimin No. 1 Middle school, I would let the students get up a l

9、ittle later to get a better sleep.,If the young man had driven more carefully, he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009.,与过去事实相反,If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trapped on that island for four years.,与过去事实相反,If he had got up earlier , he could have caught the train

10、.,与过去事实相反,if虚拟条件句,had +动词的过去分词,1. If the yong man had driven more carefully, he would not have caused the car accident in May,2009. If Tom had learnt how to swim, he would not have been trapped on that island for four years. 3. If he had got up earlier , he could have caught the train.,would ( shoul

11、d / might / could )have done,If I met Obama some day, I would shake hands with him. If I were to meet Obama some day, If I should meet Obama some day, ,与将来事实相反,if虚拟条件句,1、动词过去式 2、were to+ 动词原形 3、should +动词原形,would ( should / might / could )动词原形,If I met / were to meet / should meet Obama some day, I

12、would shake hands with him.,总结：if虚拟条件句,1、动词过去式 2、were to+ 动词原形 3、should +动词原形,动词的过去式 （be动词一般用were),would ( should / might / could ) 动词原形,had +动词的过去分词,would ( should / might / could )have done,would ( should / might / could ) 动词原形,（4+1）,Exercises,1.If everyone _ (know) first aid, many lives would be

13、saved. 2.If I had taken money with me yesterday, I _(repair) my watch . 3.If you_ (come) tomorrow, I would go fishing with you.,knew,would have repaired,came/should come/were to come,1. If my father _ here now, he _ tell me what to do. A. were; would B. was; will C. had been; would D. is; will 2. Yo

14、u didnt let me drive. If we_ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drovedidnt get B. had drivenwouldnt have got C. drovewouldnt get D. were drivingwouldnt get,Exercise,A,B,3. If it _ rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 4.-Would you have ca

15、lled her up _ possible then? -Yes, but I _ busy doing my homework. A. had it been was B. if it was were C. if it had been had been D. if it were would be,B,A,Exercise 5. - It rained cats and dogs this morning. Im glad we took an umbrella. - Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we _. A. hadnt B. h

16、avent C. didnt D. dont 6.You didnt take my advice, so you failed in the exam. （改为虚拟语气）,A,If you had taken my advice ,you wouldnt have failed in the exam.,7. If the United States had built more homes for poor people in 1955，the housing problems now in some parts of this country _ so serious. A. would

17、nt be B. will not have been C. wouldnt have been D. would have not been,Exercise,now,in 1955,A,1. 错综时间条件句,1、If+主语+动词过去式 2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形 3、If+主语+should +动词原形,If+主语+ 动词的过去式 （be动词一般用were),主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形,即：If+一般过去时态 （be动词一般用were),If+主语+had +动词的过去分词,即：If+过去完成时态,主语 + would (

18、 should / might / could )have done,主语+would ( should / might / could )动词原形,错综时间条件句,错综时间条件句,（4+1）,错综时间虚拟条件句 即：if虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致。 1).If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。 （ 从句说明过去，主句说明现在。） 3).If you hadnt lent me some money, I couldnt have boug

19、ht the new house and I would be still living in the dangerous house now. 假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。 （从句说明过去，主句说明过去和现在。）,Exercises 1.If you (ask)Tom yesterday, you_(know) what to do now. 2.It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _ in love with the library in my hometown at

20、 the age of seven. A. wouldnt have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall 3.He would be a good sportsman now if he trained regularly.(改错）,had asked,would know,B,had,1.What does the women think happen? A. That the man will not be able to sleep B. That someone will enter the back door

21、 while the man is sleeping C. That the lock on the door will break 2.What is the problem? A.The man cant drive. B. The party is over. C. They are lost.,B,C,Listening,text 1 W: If I were you, Id be more careful about locking the back door at night. M:Dont worry,no one will break in. text 2 W: If you

22、had listened to me, wed be at the party .Move over. Ill drive. M:I was sure I knew the way there.Ill turn around.,阅读理解,The soldiers had been marching（行走） up and down in the square for an hour while their officer shouted orders,and they were all tired,hot and unhappy. They were marching towards a big

23、 building when they suddenly realized that the officer had not left himself enough time to give the order to turn round or to stop,so they were going to match straight into the wall. The soldiers smiled happily as each of those in the front line decided at the same time to walk straight ahead. There was aloud noise as they hit the wall one after another. But before any of them had time to smile again,the officer shouted,If you men had been in a really straight line,I would have heard only one sound when you hit the wall.,1. T