Robert Frost人物及作品赏析.ppt

1、A,1,The Modern Period in American Literature,A,2,Biography Works and Style Selected works,If America had a national poet in the 20th century, it is certainly Robert Frost.,A,3,Born in San Francisco in 1874. At the death of his father , when Frost was eleven , his mother brought him to Massachusetts

2、. After graduating from high school in 1892, Frost entered Dartmouth College but soon left. In 1895, he got married. In order to support the family, he did odd jobs: teaching school and working in a mill and as a newspaper reporter. In 1897, he was accepted as a special student by Harvard but withdr

3、ew after two years because of his increasing dislike for academic convention. For the next twelve years, Frost made a minimal living by teaching and farming while continuing to write his poems.,A,4,In 1912, he and his family moved to England, where he found a publisher for his first book of verse, A

4、 boys will (1913) In 1914, Frosts second book, North of Boston, was published by David Nutt. Determined to win recognition in his native land, Frost returned to the US and settled on a farm in his native land. In 1915, Frost relocated his family to New Hampshire. For forty-two years, from 1921 to hi

5、s death, Frost spent almost every summer and fall teaching at the Bread Loaf School of English of Middlebury College. In 1963, he died on January 29 in Boston.,A,5,Works,1. Collection of poems A Boys Will（1913） North of Boston（1914） New Hampshire（1923） Collected Poems（1930） A Further Range（1936） A W

6、itness Tree（1942） West-Running Brook Mountain Interval In the Clearing,Pulitzer Prize,A,6,2. Poems Birches After Apple-Picking Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening The Road Not Taken Acquainted with the Night 3. Plays A Way Out: A One Act Play (Harbor Press, 1929). The Cows in the Corn: A One Act Ir

7、ish Play in Rhyme (Slide Mountain Press, 1929). A Masque of Reason (Holt, 1945). A Masque of Mercy (Holt, 1947).,A,7,“ All poetry is a reproduction of the tones of actual speech.” 诗乃实际说话音调之复制品。 “ Writing free verse is like playing tennis with the net down.” 诗歌如不讲韵律，就像打网球不设拦网一样。,Robert Frost said:,A,

8、8,Robert Frost also said:,“ I am always saying something thats just the edge of something more.” How do you understand the edge of something?,A,9,Frosts style,Frosts nature poetry is closely related to his pastoralism. he used symbols to form everyday country life to express his deep ideas. Rejected

9、 the revolutionary poetic principles of his contemporaries, he used traditional forms such as the blank verse, plain language of rural New Englanders. There is a steady tone of wry humor and a virtually inexhuastible verbal grace. As a whole, Frosts art is an act of clarification, which,without simp

10、lifying the truth, renders it in some degree accessible to everyone.,A,10,Features of His Poems Profound meanings are hidden underneath the plain language and simple form. (1) His poems mostly wrote about nature (influenced by Wordsworth and Emerson) and New England landscape. (2) Deceptively simple

11、 style (reason for popular) (3) Symbolism (show his poems deep meaning) (4) He was likely to choose traditional forms for his poem, but the themes of his poems are mostly modern. (In his poems, traditional elements and modern elements mingle together.),A,11,Thematic concerns Generally Frost is consi

12、dered a regional poet whose subject matters mainly focus on the landscape and people in New England. These thematic concerns include the terror and tragedy in nature, as well as its beauty, and the loneliness and poverty of the isolated human being. Frost wrote many poems that investigate the basic

13、themes of mans life: the individuals relationships to himself, to his fellow-man, to world, and to his God.,A,12,Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Whose woods these are I think I know. His house is in the village though He will not see me stopping here To watch his woods fill up with snow My litt

14、le horse must think it queer To stop without a farmhouse near Between the woods and frozen lake The darkest evening of the year. He gives his harness bells a shake To ask if there is some mistake The only other sounds the sweep Of easy wind and downy flake. The woods are lovely, dark and deep, But I

15、 have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep.,雪夜林畔小驻 余光中译 想来我认识这座森林， 林主的庄宅就在邻村, 却不会见我在此驻马， 看他林中积雪的美景。 我的小马一定颇惊讶： 四望不见有什么农家， 偏是一年最暗的黄昏， 寒林和冰湖之间停下。 它摇一摇身上的串铃， 问我这地方该不该停。 此外只有轻风拂雪片， 再也听不见其他声音。 森林又暗又深真可羡， 但我还要守一些诺言， 还要赶多少路才安眠， 还要赶多少路才安眠。,A,13,Selected from New H

16、ampshire, the poem is written in iambic tetrameter（抑扬格四音步） with the rhyme scheme as AABA-BBCB-CCDC-DDDD. The poem presents a picture of tranquility: on a winter evening, a sleigh driver stopped by a wood while everying is covered with snow. However, the scene of tranquility is not without the tempta

17、tion of death. The speaker for a while was rather attracted by the mystery of death. Fortunately, his former promises reminded him of his responsibility in the world and he was detached from the dark woods.,A,14,Love and a Question A Stranger came to the door at eve, And he spoke the bridegroom fair

18、. He bore a green-white stick in his hand, And, for all burden, care. He asked with the eyes more than the lips For a shelter for the night, And he turned and looked at the road afar Without a window light. The bridegroom came forth into the porch With, Let us look at the sky, And question what of t

19、he night to be, Stranger, you and I. The woodbine leaves littered the yard, The woodbine berries were blue, Autumn, yes, winter was in the wind; Stranger, I wish I knew.,爱和一个问题 黄昏时，一个陌生人来到门口， 叫着漂亮的新郎。 手里拄着一个绿白相间的拐杖， 负着全身的重量，顾虑重重。 他更多用眼神而不是唇舌 乞求一夜的庇护， 而后转身望着远处的公路 那里没有一个亮灯的窗户。 新郎现身来到门廊里 说着，“让我们看看这夜空，

20、再来讨论夜晚怎么过， 陌生人，你和我。” 忍冬的落叶铺满院子， 忍冬的浆果已经变蓝， 秋天，是啊，冬天已随风而来； “陌生人，但愿我能明白。”,A,15,Within, the bride in the dusk alone Bent over the open fire, Her face rose-red with the glowing coal And the thought of the hearts desire. The bridegroom looked at the weary road, Yet saw but her within, And wished her hear

21、t in a case of gold And pinned with a silver pin. The bridegroom thought it little to give A dole of bread, a purse, A heartfelt prayer for the poor of God, Or for the rich a curse; But whether or not a man was asked To mar the love of two By harboring woe in the bridal house, The bridegroom wished

22、he knew.,屋里，新娘独自在薄暮中 俯身对着炉火， 燃烧的炭火和内心的情欲 让她的脸呈玫瑰一样的红， 新郎注视令人厌倦的道路， 看到的却是屋里的人儿， 但愿她的心盛放在金匣里， 别着一枚银色的别针。 在新郎看来， 施舍一点面包，一份钱财， 为穷人向上帝虔诚的祈祷， 或给富人以诅咒，都微不足道； 但是一个男人该不该应要求 在新房里收容悲哀 破坏两人之间的欢爱， 新郎希望他能够知道。,A,16,Selected from A Boys Will, the poem describes a rich man asked a poor newly-wed couple for a shelter

23、 . It was a moment full of love, suspicion, strangeness, terror and frustation, which illustrate the meaning of love. As for the title“Love and a Question”, I think “love”, on the one hand, is the affection between the couple; on the other hand, love is also the benevolence for the man. The bridegro

24、om was struggling between this two kinds of love, which was the “question” he faced.,A,17,修墙 有一点什么,它大概是不喜欢墙, 它使得墙脚下的冻地涨得隆起, 大白天的把墙头石块弄得纷纷落： 使得墙裂了缝,二人并肩都走得过. 士绅们行猎时又是另一番糟蹋： 他们要掀开每块石头上的石头, 我总是跟在他们后面去修补, 但是他们要把兔子从隐处赶出来, 讨好那群汪汪叫的狗.我说的墙缝 是怎么生的,谁也没看见,谁也没听见 但是到了春季补墙时,就看见在那里. 我通知了住在山那边的邻居； 有一天我们约会好,巡视地界一番,

25、在我们两家之间再把墙重新砌起. 我们走的时候,中间隔着一垛墙. 我们走的时候,中间隔着一垛培.,Mending Wall Somethingthereisthatdoesntloveawall, Thatsendsthefrozen-ground-swellunderit Andspillstheupperbouldersinthesun, Andmakesgapseventwocanpassabreast. Theworkofhuntersisanotherthing: Ihavecomeafterthemandmaderepair Wheretheyhaveleftnotonestoneo

26、nastone, Buttheywouldhavetherabbitoutofhiding, Topleasetheyelpingdogs. ThegapsImean, Noonehasseenthemmadeorheardthemmade, Butatspringmending-timewefindthemthere. Iletmyneighborknowbeyondthehill; Andonadaywemeettowalktheline Andsetthewallbetweenusonceagain. Wekeepthewallbetweenusaswego.,A,18,Toeachth

27、ebouldersthathavefallentoeach. Andsomeareloavesandsomesonearlyballs Wehavetouseaspelltomakethembalance: “Staywhereyouareuntilourbacksareturned!” Wewearourfingersroughwithhandlingthem. Oh,justanotherkindofoutdoorgame,Oneonaside. Itcomestolittlemore: Therewhereitiswedonotneedthewall: HeisallpineandIam

28、appleorchard. Myappletreeswillnevergetacross Andeattheconesunderhispines,Itellhim. Heonlysays,“Goodfencesmakegoodneighbors.” Springisthemischiefinme,andIwonder IfIcouldputanotioninhishead: “Whydotheymakegoodneighbors?Isntit Wheretherearecows? Butheretherearenocows.,落在各边的石头,由各自去料理. 有些是长块的,有些几乎圆得像球 需要

29、一点魔术才能把它们放稳当： “老实呆在那里,等我们转过身再落下!” 我们搬弄石头把手指都磨粗了. 啊!这不过又是一种户外游戏, 一个人站在一边.此外没有多少用处： 在墙那地方,我们根本不需要墙： 他那边全是松树,我这边是苹果园. 我的苹果树永远也不会踱过去 吃掉他松树下的松球,我对他说. 他只是说：“好篱笆造出好邻家.”,A,19,BeforeIbuiltawallIdasktoknow WhatIwaswallinginorwallingout, AndtowhomIwasliketogiveoffense. Somethingthereisthatdoesntloveawall, That

30、wantsitdown.”Icouldsay“Elves”tohim, Butitsnotelvesexactly,andIdrather Hesaiditforhimself.Iseehimthere, Bringingastonegraspedfirmlybythetop Ineachhand,likeanold-stonesavagearmed. Hemovesindarknessasitseemstome, Notofwoodsonlyandtheshadeoftrees. Hewillnotgobehindhisfatherssaying, Andhelikeshavingthoug

31、htofitsowell Hesaysagain,“Goodfencesmakegoodneighbors.”,春天在我心里作祟,我在悬想 能不能把一个念头注入他的脑里： “为什么好篱笆造出好邻家?是否指着 有牛的人家?可是我们此地又没有牛. 我在造墙之前先要弄个清楚, 圈进来的是什么,圈出去的是什么, 并且我可能开罪的是些什么人家, 有一点什么,它不喜欢墙, 它要推倒它.”我可以对他说这是“鬼”. 但严格说也不是鬼我想这事还是 由他自己决定吧.我看见他在那里 搬一块石头,两手紧抓着石头的上端, 像一个旧石器时代的武装的野蛮人. 我觉得他是在黑暗中摸索, 这黑暗不仅是来自深林与树荫. 他不肯探

32、究他父亲传给他的格言 他想到这句格言,便如此的喜欢, 于是再说一遍,“好篱笆造出好邻家”.,A,20,Selected from North of Boston, the poem describes a new England farmer contacts his neighbor to rebuilt the stone wall in spring between their two farms and then questions why the wall must be built. It is best known for its line spoken by the neighbor: “Good fences make good neighbors.”, which is listed by the Oxford Dictionary of Quatations as a mid a mid 17th century proverb. It isametaphoricalpoemwritteninblankverse. Blank verse is the baseline meter of