metafunction(元功能)

1、the origin and meaning of metafunction，meta function，Michael Halliday the London school : a tradition of laying strestress，systemic-functional grammer(系统功能语法)，The term metafunction originates in systemic functional linguistics and is consired to be a proonsiredaccording to Halliday，Though languages

2、vary in how and what they do，and what humans do with them in the contexts of human culturl practices纯粹理性功能思维是系统功能语法的核心思想之一，柯立德认为语言的性质决定了人们对语言的要求，在语言必须做的很多功能中，即使这些功能不断变化，我们也可以总结出它们有一些有限的、最抽象的功能，最概括的功能，即纯粹理性功能(元功能)都是语言固有的，具有语言的普遍特征。hat is，The interpretation of gramma patterns in terms of configuration

3、 s of fuunctional component，The interpretation of gramma patternssince he sees these functions as particulally relevent to te analysi S of text(By which he means everything that is said or written)，HallidayHalliday believes that language is what it is because it has to serve certain functions。in oth

4、er words，Social demand on language has helper to shape its stucture . he interprets language from a functional point of view And formulates(2)the regulatory function(控制功能)；(3)交互功能；(4)the personal function(磁性手指功能)；(5) heuristic function(导航功能)；(6)the imaginative function(想象功能)；(7)the informative funct

5、ion(信息功能).according to Halliday，the adults language becomes much more complex And it has to serve many more functions，And the original functional rangethe ideational function is further divided into the experiedential and logical .从16个半月开始，幼儿语开始转换成成人语。在这个时期，幼儿开始使用成人语言的词汇和语法。他们的语言功能也更加抽象和复杂。成人的语言执行更多

6、复杂的功能，因此幼儿语的初始功能范围逐渐缩小为高度文字化、抽象的功能，即元功能。，meta functions are systemic clusters；That is，They are groups of semanic systems that make meaningless of a related kind .Halliday argues that the concept of meta function is one of a small set of pr Inci ples that are neceary to explain how language works；thi

7、s concept of function in language is necessary to explain The organisation of The semanic system of language，meaning，The three meta funguagefor this reason，Systemic linguists analyse a clause from three perspectives . these meta functions appears at a new level in the linguistic systemthe gramma sys

8、tem，as it were，a functional input and a structual output；it provides The macha nism for different functions to be combined in one utterance in The way The adult requires . in SFL，The meta functions operations、metafunction纯函数、Ideational function(概念功能)、Interpersonal function(人际功能)、experiential functio

9、n(经验功能)、present in all language uses，the ideational function is a meaning potential，Because special fc use one is making of language he to refer to coit includes the experience funct Ion and the logical function，Ideational function mainly conists of transitivity(物理计算机和语音)this function not only speci

10、fis the available options in meaning but also determines the nature of their structural realisations .for example，John built a new house can be analysed as a configuration of the function roles : actor : John process : material : croles换句话说，它反映了客观世界中发生的事情，涉及的人或事物，与其相关的时间、地点等环境因素。Logical function逻辑功能

11、Halliday describes the logical function as those systems which set up logical semanic relationships between one clausal us，Interpersonal function The Interpersonal function emodies all uses of language to express social and personal relations . this is人际功能是指语言具有表达说话人身份、地位、态度、动机和对事物的判断、参与社会活动、形成社会关系等

12、的功能。，Interpersonal function is realised by mood And MODALITY(模态)。moodshows what role the speaker selects in the speech situation and what role he assgns to the addressee。if The speaker selects The imperative mood，He assumes The role of one giving commands and puts The addressee in The role of one expected to obey ordesfor example，give me that teapot！mood is made up of two parts : the subject、and the finite、element。the subject can be a noun，a noun phrase，Or a clause . eg . to a