连词_状语从句

1、连词讲解 及练习,知识概要 用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。,连词一览表,尝试判断下列属于哪种从句： No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.(一就) As the days went by, she knew more about her classmates.(随着) Wherever you go,you should work hard. His friends dislike him because hes stingy(小气) and laz

2、y. He works very hard so that he can earn more money.,时间状语,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,目的状语,I did just as you told me. Well start our project if the president agrees. No matter how hard he tried,she could not change her mind. Her handwriting is more beautiful than anybody elses in her class. Its such a good chan

3、ce that we must not miss it.,方式状语,条件状语,让步状语,比较状语,结果状语,1.常用并列连词的用法 1）and连接语法作用相同的部分.如： Let me know what you saw and heard in Europe. 如果连接的两个名词是指同一个人而有两种身份时,第二个名词前不要加冠词或所有格. 如：Her husband is a singer and songwriter.,2）祈使句+and代替条件句. 如：Work hard and you will pass the examination. 由and连接两个主语时谓语动词要用复数形式。如

4、：You and I are from China. 但是and前面的主语之前有every, each, no, many a的时候用单数谓语动词.如： Every train and bus was crowded with many people.,2） both+主语+and+主语+“复数谓语动词”。 Both Tom and Jerry are going to the cinema.,3） not onlybut also如果连接两个主语,谓语动词就近原则.如： Not only he but also his parents are very kind to me.,4） as w

5、ell as后面的主语不作为成分.如： This study, as well as many other reports, shows that cancer can be cured. 后面如果接动词一定要用动名词.如： She sings as well as playing the piano.,5) nor是否定连接词, 后面接的句子应倒装. 如：I dont know, nor do I care. 6）but用来表示转折,如： He tried hard but he was unsuccessful. 还可以用在no one, none, nobody, nothing, al

6、l, every等词之后表示”除了以外”。如： All the boys but one are here.,7）however, still, yet,含意相同相当于”butanyway”.如：The car was old, yet it was in excellent condition. She has her weaknesses, yet(but) that doesnt mean she is not good for the job. He lied to me, I still believe him.,8) while表示的是”相反的”,也可以用but, however,

7、 on the other hand来代替. While some people have nothing to eat, others eat too much.,9) or连接句子或词组,表示 “或者”之意。 Which do you prefer, yellow, blue or red? Was he angry, or was he pretending? or, 也有“否则”的意思. 如：Be quick, or you will be late.,10) either or/neither nor并列主语时，谓语动词同样用就近原则. Either Mary or her pare

8、nts are going by bus. 11）so表示因此, 相当于therefore.（adv.） They cost a lot of money, so use them carefully. It is very cold. Therefore, we should stay here.,12） then （adv）然后，而后，其次 I dropped in at her house and then I went home. 13）for引导的句子不可以放在句首，之前必须由逗号，表示推论的理由 They must be good friends, for they are alw

9、ays together.The day breaks, for the birds are singing.,2.常用从属连词的用法 1）that引导名词性从句(主语/宾语/表语从句),同位语从句，定语从句,如： That smoking can cause cancer is known to all.I was surprised to hear that he became the president.,2） after/before After her husband died she had to take everything on herself. Take the medic

10、ine before you go to bed.,3） since引导的从句是肯定句,一般主句都是完成时. She has had another baby since we met. 4） till/until 其中until较为常用, till是口语. Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. I wont go until he comes.,5）as soon as Ill tell him the news as soon as I see him. 6） because/since/as表示直接原因的时候不能

11、用since或as.其他情况可以用since既然，as 由于（语气弱）。It was because he was ill that he didnt go to school.,7） so/such that 结果状语从句(程度)She was so moved that tears came to her eyes.They took such care of her that not long after she was restored to health.,8） if(假如,如果)不能用whether. If you call him a fatty, he will get ang

12、ry. 9） unless=if not You can not interview him unless you get the permission.,10）though/although都作为”虽然,尽管”可以互换,although用的更多一些. 后面不可以有but但可以有yet/still. Although he is much better, yet his father isnt satisfied.,11） as引导状语从句As I remember, he used to work here ten years ago. As I see it, there is still

13、 much room for improvement in our work. My parents do not love pop music as much as I (do).,As引导让步状语从句要倒装，必须主从句主语相同：被提前的部分可以是从句的表语，状语或动词原形。如果被前置的表语是单数名词时，须省略冠词。 Much as I like Tom, I cant agree to his plan. Child as he is, he knows a lot of things. Tired as he is, he offers to help me. Try as you wi

14、ll, you wont be able to persuade him.,副词+as+主语+谓语部分,名词+as+主语+系动词,形容词+as+主语+系动词,动词原形+as+主语+谓语的另一部分,he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quite as he may be a student,B,12. no soonerthan/h

15、ardlywhen 表示“一就” 如果no sooner或者hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，且用过去完成时。 - Did Linda see the traffic accident ? - No, no sooner than it happened. A.had she gone B.she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone,A,13） whether/if(是否) if 能引导宾语语从句 Please tell me whether it is true or not.I havent decided whether/if Ill

16、go with you. 在介词后,名词后,不定式前和有or not的句子中用whether. I am worried about whether she is happy.,14） so/such that（结果状语从句目的状语从句）, in order to/that目的状语从句 They set out early so that they might arrive in time. 目的状语从句 Say slowly so that I can understand it. It was raining, so that we could not go out. 结果状语从句（原因）

17、,3.常用近义连词的用法辨析 （1） while, when, as 都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。 when 引导的句子中的动词可以是短暂动词也可以是延续性动词. 还可以表示 “就在那个时候”, = at that time while 引导的句子中的动词只能是延续性动词. 还可以表示 “然而”. as 强调 “边 边”,1) 当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While, when, as 都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如： As/When/While I was walking down the street I noticed a police car.,2)

18、 当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。例如： While mother was cooking lunch, I was doing my homework. 3) 当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如： As children get older, they become more and more interested in things around them.,4) 当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边一边”时，最常用as。例如： Just as he caught the fly, he gave a loud cry. She looked behi

19、nd from time to time as she went.,5) 当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如： When he finished his work, he took a short rest. 6) 当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如： When John arrived I was cooking lunch.,3. as, because, since , for 这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。 1) 如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如： I stayed at h

20、ome because it rained.,2) 如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since 引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如： As he wasnt ready, we left without him. Since I have no money, I cant buy any food.,3) for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如： I decided to stop and have lunch，for I was feeling qu

21、ite hungry.,4. if, whether if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如： I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school.,只能用whether,不能用if： 1) 在不定式前。例如： I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not. 2）用or并列两项以上时。例如： I dont now whether he comes or not.,3.在介词后作介词宾语 Im thinking of whether we should

22、go fishing. 4.宾语从句放句首时 Whether it was worth doing was the question.,5. sothat, such.that 1) sothat中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such.that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如： Im so tired that I cant walk any farther. It was such a warm day that he went swimming.,2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时，用so,不用such。例如： He has

23、 so little education that he is unable to get a job. I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.,6. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also 这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如： Either you or he is wrong. Neither he nor his children like fish. Not only the teacher but also

24、the students want to buy the book.,7.although, but 这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.”这个句子应改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.或He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.,8.because, so 这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Because Joh

25、n was ill, so I took him to the doctor.” 这个句子应改为Because John was ill, I took him to the doctor.,but 与 and 1but 与not连用 “不是而是 They saw not an old man, but a child. 2. but 可以和 sorry连用，一般不用 and Im sorry to trouble you, but how can I get to the station?,3.and 连接祈使句和陈述句时，该陈述句用一般将来时态 Work hard, and you wil

26、l be successful. 4. and 连接两个动词，其时态形式及词形往往一致 Did they go on working without having a rest and eating anything?,and 与 or 一般情况下，and 用于肯定句中，or 用于否定句和疑问句中 They like English and maths. He doesnt like black or blue.,2.在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，那么用and 而不用or连接 The clock has no eyes and no ears. = The clock has no

27、 eyes or ears.,Forests help to keep water from running away, _ drought does not often happen. A and B but C so D though 2.Its getting dark, _theyre still working. A and B but C so D or,C,B,3. Edison never gave up, _ he failed many times. A and B though C or D so 4. - Is Tom at school today? - No, he

28、s at home _ he has a bad cold. A because B if C until D before,B,A,5.（ 佛山）It is warm _ the bears are still sleeping in the holes. A but B so C though D because 6. ( 苏州) You should return the digital camera to Sally _ she will not be angry. A so that B because C before D or,A,A,7. Hurry up, _ you wil

29、l miss the train. Its leaving in ten minutes. A and B so C however D or 8.-This dress was last years style. -I think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this year. A so that B even though C as if D ever since,D,B,This shop opens from 8:00 a.m. to 5:30p.m. You can go there this morning _ this af

30、ternoon. A so B but C and D or 2. -Who did better, Bill or Henry? - I think Bill did just _ Henry. A.as well as B.as good as C.as better as D. more badly than,D,A,3. _ Lily or Lucy has been to the Great Wall. A Either B Neither C Both D Nor 4.They bought Granny a present, _she likes it very much. A

31、and B so C but D get 5.Study hard, _ youll fall behind the others. A and B but C or D though,A,A,C,6. Please have a wash _ you go to bed. A.after B.before C.while D.as soon as 7. - would you like to come to my birthday party tonight? - Id like to, _ Im too busy. A.and B.but C.so D.because,B,B,8. - w

32、e never know _ she is. - They say shes a policeman. A.whom B.what C.which D.who We dont have supper _ my brother comes. A.after B.since C.while D.until 10. He borrowed the money _ he could send his son to school. A.which B.so this C.so that D. because,B,D,C,11. Which is smaller, the sun _ the moon?

33、A. so B. but C. or D. and 12. “Im going to Hangzhou for a holiday this weekend.” “_ you are there, can you buy me some green tea?” A. Because B. If C. While D. After 13. Youd better take this book. Its very good _ its a bit expensive. A. though B. and C. but D. so,C,C,A,14._ he is very young, _he kn

34、ows several languages. A.Though,/ B.Because, so C.Though,but D. Because,/ 15. We shall go _ you are ready. A. while B. as C. since D. as soon as,A,D,16. He hurt himself_ badly _he had to see a doctor. A. too, to B. such, that C.much, that D. so, that 17. its a long time _ we met last. A. but B. thou

35、gh C. since D.before,D,C,1. -Will the foreigners have any problems talking with Chinese in 2008? -I dont think so. Now _ the young _ the old can speak some English. A. eitheror B. not only but also C. neithernor D. bothor 2. We didnt catch the train _ we left late. A. so B. because C. but D. though

36、3. Tom failed in the exam again _ he wanted to pass it very much. A. if B. so C. though D. as 4. I wont believe that the five-year-old boy can read five thousand words _ I have tested him myself. A. after B. when C. if D. until 5. The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours _ he

37、realized it. A. when B. until C. after D. before,B,B,C,D,D,6. -This dress was last years style. -I think it still looks perfect _ it has gone out this year. A. so that B. even though C. as if D. ever since 7. Hurry up, _ you will miss the train. A. and B. so C. however D. or 8. The mountain was _ st

38、eep _ few people in our city reached the top. A. soas B. sothat C. asas D. tooto,B,D,B,9. -Do you remember our pleasant journey to Xian? -Of course. I remember everything _ it happened yesterday. A. as soon as B. even though C. rather than D. as if 10. _ you cant answer this question, we have to ask

39、 someone else for help. A. Although B. While C. Whether D. Since 11.Lucy and Lily are twins.Lucy likes playing basketball，_Lily doesnt. A.and B.but C.as D.or 12.The scientist knows two languages.He can speak_English_ French. A.either,or B.neither,nor C.both,and D.so,that,D,D,B,C,13.He is rich_unhapp

40、y. A.or B.and C.so D.but 14.Take a rest_you finish the work. A.before B.after C.until D.while 15.You cant pass the exam,_you study hard. A.if B.of C.unless D.and 16._our team tried best_we failed. A.Though,but B.Because,so C.If,and D.Though,/ 17.Dont get off _the bus stops. A.when B.after C.until D.

41、so,D,B,D,C,C,He likes maths _ his brother likes English. A while B when C but D and 19. Yesterday I was just to go out _ someone telephoned me. A when B while C as D that 20. _ you have come here, stay with us for a night. A Because B For C Since D As 21. _ we arrived there, they were playing. A Whi

42、le B When C As D Though,A,A,C,B,9 The teacher didnt begin the lesson all the students stopped talking. A. until B. after C. if D. because 10 Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday she was ill. A. but B. until C. if D. because 11 You must start right now, youll miss the train. A. for B. and C. so D

43、. or 12 he is a child of six, he can read and write. A. Whose B. If C. Though D. Because ,A,D,D,C,13 I like fish, chicken, eggs. A. and, and B. and, with C. /, and D. and, / 14 Take this dictionary with you you may use it in class. A. when B. in order to C. but D. so that 15 I hope will be fine tomorrow. it B. what C. whether D. when 16 she was not well, I decided to go without her. A. Though B. As C. When D. Because of ,C,D,A,B,17 My aunt bought me many story books that I spent a lot of time _them. A. suchon B. suchin C. tooin D soon 18 Mo