中考英语词汇运用解析

1、中考词汇运用解析,词汇维系着语音和语法,是语言的建筑基石,是英语学习的基础. 词汇的学习提倡从运用的角度出发,不可记”单”词,也不可”单”记词,重视词汇在语篇和情境中的运用,要把词汇学习与语音,语法,文化内涵的学习等有机地结合起来.在考前对课标要求的1600个单词和200-300个习惯用法及固定搭配进行强化复习时,必须达到”意,形,义,用”的四合一,活学活用.另外,对一些音似,形似,意似,极易混淆的词汇或词组要做特别的比较,澄清易混点,处理常用词汇的搭配和辩析,并配以适当的练习加以巩固.具体需要注意以下几点: 1:了解英文的词类 英语中的单词根据词义,句法作用和形式特征所作的分类共有十类，名词

2、，代词，数词，冠词，形容词，副词，动词，介词，连词，感叹词。其中名词，代词，形容词副词，数词，动词等具有明确的意义，可以在句中独立充当句子成分，称为实词。介词，连词，冠词，只能起连接或辅助作用，都不在句子中作任何成分，称为虚词。感叹句一般不构成句子的一部分，通常作独立成分。,2:了解常见的构词法,1)合成词：由两个或更多的词合成一个词，如：blackboard newspaper afternoon pencil-box 2)派生词：由词根加前缀或后缀-er, -or, -tion, -y ,-ful, -ly ,-ness,un-,dis-等构成。 3）转化词：由一种词类转化成另一种词类的词

3、。 a)名词兼动词：exercise ,interest ,answer ,brush ,change ,call, cut, cook ,cry ,cover ,copy ,cross ,dance ,drink, draw ,dress, excuse, fight ,fish ,hand, hurry, knock, lie, love ,laugh ,meet ,milk, mind ,plant ,post ,pay ,push ,rain, rest, ring, step, snow, sleep ,shop, swim ,shout , surprise ,smell ,sta

4、y, sound, telephone ,trouble, welcome, wish等 b)形容词兼副词：close ,enough, early ,far, fast, hard ,first ,late ,left ,much, next ,near ,right, alive ,loud ,low等 c)名词兼副词：back, home, left, right, once today, tomorrow, yesterday等 d)名词兼形容词：red, pink, black, light, half, favorite, east ,south, English, Chinese

5、等 e)形容词兼动词：clean, tidy, open, own, close等,3：了解词形的变化,1）表示名词复数的词形变化。 2）表示形容词，副词的比较级和最高级的词形变化。 3）表示动词第三人称单数的词形变化。 4）表示动词过去式和过去分词的词形变化。 5）表示动词-ing的词形变化。,以下是7-9年级常见词形变化总结及对应练习,1)代词变化 I，me, my, mine, myself You, you, your ,yours, yourself, He, him, his ,his, himself She, her, her, hers,herself It, it ,its

6、, its, itself We, us, our, ours, ourselves You ,you ,your ,yours, yourselves They,them, their ,theirs, themselves,练习,（1）Mr. Zhang teaches (我们) math. -classes are very interesting. (2) One of the secrets of our success is to believe in -. (3) Im sure your brothers can do these exercises-. (4) Can I u

7、se your bike? -is under repair. (5) My family went to Sichuan last week.-had a great time.,2)形容词和副词的三级,good-better-best bad/badly-worse-worst far-farther/further-farthest/furthest little-less-least few-fewer-fewest active-more active most active,巩固练习,1. Lincoln is one of -(great) leaders in America.

8、 2. The more you learn ,-(good) youll be at it. 3. Mary always makes -(少)mistakes than any other student in her class. 4. The mooncake tastes -(好). 5. January is the -(cold) month in Beijing, isnt it?,3）名词复数,knife-knives child-children tooth-teeth foot-feet mouse- mice tomato-tomatoes Chinese-Chines

9、e half-halves man men woman-women,巩固练习,1. It is a good habit for you to get up early. 2. Mom, the fridge is empty. Lets buy some -(蔬菜). I like -(西红柿） 3. The -(女) teachers are going to take part in the game. 4. Can you tell me how to make -(请求) in this country. 5. Thanks for your-(建议).Ill get more (水

10、果).,4)以-er或-or结尾的名词,Visitor, reader, programmer leader, runner, foreigner, farmer, skater, winner, singer, player, learner, owner, listener, interviewer, teacher, worker, 等,巩固练习,1.Yao Ming is a famous basketball - 2.More and more -(外国人) come to visit China. 3.Id like to be a computer-. 4.How many -(

11、游客) will come to enjoy themselves. 5.Im dreaming of flying in the sky, but being a -is very difficult.,5）名词、形容词变化,rain-rainy, wind-windy, sun-sunny, sand-sandy, noise-noisy, comfort-comfortable success-successful, luck-lucky friend-friendly, color-colorful Asia-Asian, Europe-European China-Chinese,

12、America-American,巩固练习,1. The meeting is of the great-(重要) 2. She knows a lot about -(西方) culture. 3. Its -(下雨). You cant go out now. 4. The -(科学) research has lasted three years. 5. He had much-(困难) solving the problem.,6）否定的前后缀,possible-impossible , like-dislike correct-incorrect, usual-unusual use

13、-useless, honest-dishonest known-unknown, hope-hopeless regular-irregular, color-colorless,巩固练习,1. Dont offer the job to the -(honest) people. 2. He failed his job interview again, and he felt really-(with no hope) about the future 3. For some -(未知的) reason, Tom moved to Singapore 4. Its -(use) to c

14、ry over the spilt milk. 5. Nothing is -.(一切皆有可能),7）动词、形容词的变化,interest-interested-interesting relax-relaxed-relaxing surprise-surprised-surprising amaze-amazed-amazing worry-worried-worrying help-helpful-helpless sleep-asleep-sleepy,练巩固习,1.To my great -(惊讶), Tony failed his math exam. 2.Walking on th

15、e beach makes you feel -(放松) 3.He was so tired that he fell -()in class. 4.I was -(amaze) at the news. 5.Which subject are you -(感兴趣) in, math or physics?,8）动词、名词的变化,fly-flight, develop-development think-thought, decide-decision pronounce-pronunciation train-training, express-expression suggest-sugg

16、estion, die-death discuss-discussion,巩固练习,1.They had a long -(讨论)about the plan. 2.Reading aloud every day will help to improve your -(发音). 3.His father -(死) three years ago. After his -,the family moved to a new city.,9）形容词、副词的变化,slow-slowly, careful-carefully clear-clearly, quick-quickly loud-loud

17、ly, final-finally recent-recently, strong-strongly angry-angrily, serious-sreiously,巩固练习,1. The kids love the teacher, -(尤其) when she smile. 2. Sorry, I cant follow you. Would you please speak more-(慢)？ 3.Jack is so smart that he can answer these questions -(容易) 4. We often listen to our teachers -(认真) in class. 5. With their help, I found the small village-(快).,10）数词及其他,one-first, three-third twelve-twelfth, nine-ninth twenty-twentieth, two-second