Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语课件

1、Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Text I,A World Empire by Other Means,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,A world empire by other means,TEXT I,A World Empire by Other Means,What does world empire refer to?,World empire refers to the British empire, the Empire on which the sun never

2、sets.,Why does the title say by other means?,By other means refers to a different way to rule the world, i.e. by means of language, in contrast to gunpowder and commerce.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,1. It is everywhere. Some 380 million people speak it as their first language and perh

3、aps two-thirds as many again as their second. A billion are learning it, about a third of the worlds population are in some sense exposed to it and by 2050, it is predicted, half the world will be more or less proficient in it. It is the language of globalisation of international business, politics

4、and diplomacy. It is the language of computers and the Internet.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,As many,TEXT I,as many of the same number,There wont be as many fireworks this year. More than one hundred American colleges and universities now have educational exchanges with nearly as many

5、 Chinese institutions.,not as many as we had last year or previous years,with more or less 100 Chinese institutions,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,proficient,TEXT I,proficient: a. (be in sth) able to do sth well or skilfully,a proficient speaker Marthas proficient in Swedish.,Ant.,clumsy

6、, incompetent, unskilled,n. proficiency,proficiency in music,Can you name some common proficiency tests in China?,TEM-4, TEM-8, CET-4, CET-6, TOEFL, GMAT, GRE, IELTS,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Organisation,As many In some sense Be exposed to More or less Be proficient in Language of

7、globalization Diplomacy,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(14).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,它无处不在。它是约3.8亿人的母语，还是约占此人数三分之二人的第二语言。全世界有10亿人在学习它，约占世界人口三分之一的人或多或少会接触到它。预计到2050年，全世界半数人会近乎精通它。它是全球化时代的语言国际商务、政治和外交等活动使用它，也是计算机和互联网的通用语言。,Text I a

8、 world empire by other means商务综合英语,Youll see it on posters in Cte dIvoire, youll hear it in pop songs in Tokyo, youll read it in official documents in Phnom Penh. Deutsche Welle broadcasts in it. French business schools teach in it. It is the medium of expression in cabinet meetings in Bolivia. Trul

9、y, the tongue spoken back in the 1300s only by the low people of England has come a long way. It is now the global language.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Location map of Ivory Coast A virtual guide to

10、 Cte dIvoire (also known as Ivory Coast), a country in southern West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea (North Atlantic Ocean) situated between Ghana and Liberia. The country is bordered in north by Mali and Burkina Faso.Ivory Coast covers an area of 322,463 km, compared it is slightly smaller than Poland

11、, or slightly larger than the U.S. state of New Mexico.Cte dIvoire has a population of 22.7 million inhabitants (in 2015). Capital city is Yamoussoukro. Largest city and the defacto capital is Abidjan. Spoken languages are French (official); and languages of five principal language groups, the Diula

12、 (Dioula), Baule (Baoul), Dan, Anyin and Senari.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Truly the tongue spoken back,TEXT I,Truly, the tongue spoken back in the 1300s

13、only by the low people of England has come a long way.,Paraphrase the sentence.,Indeed, the language spoken as early as 1300s by the native people in England has developed for a long time.,What does low people mean?,people of the lower class, those who were at the bottom of the society,Text I a worl

14、d empire by other means商务综合英语,Truly the tongue spoken back 2,TEXT I,What was the situation like in the 1300s?,After the Norman Conquest of England in 1066, until about 1300, three languages stood to each other in a hierarchical relationship, with Latin at the top, followed by French, and then by Eng

15、lish. French was the prestige language, of the aristocracy and the court, while English a low and vulgar language of everyday folk.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Cte dIvoire Phnom Penh Deutsche Welle medium of expression Cabinet Bolivia Low people Has come a long way,Text I a world empi

16、re by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(13).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,你能在科特迪瓦的海报上看到它，能在东京的流行歌曲中听到它，还能在金边的官方文件中读到它。德国之声电台用它播放节目，法国商学院用它授课，玻利维亚的内阁会议用它作为交流媒介。的确，这种在14世纪的英格兰只有“下等人”才说的语言取得了长足的发展进步，如今已经成为世界的语言。,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,The main

17、idea of the first paragraph: It is the language of globalisation of international business, politics and diplomacy. It is the language of computers and the Internet. Lower class Global language,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,2How come? Not because English is easy. True, genders are simpl

18、e. But the verbs tend to be irregular, the grammar bizarre and the match between spelling and pronunciation a nightmare. English is now so widely spoken in so many places that umpteen versions have evolved, some so peculiar that even native speakers may have trouble understanding each other.,Text I

19、a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Match between spelling and pronunciation,TEXT I,match: n. a corresponding pair,1. Can you give an example of the odd match between spelling and pronunciation? 2. Pronounce the following words with -ough: cough, plough, though, thorough, drought, thought, through,

20、tough,honour, psychology, castle, comb,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Gender :Sex Tend to do :Be inclined; Have a tendency Irregular: Uneven; Unbalanced; Bizarre: Strange; Weird; Peculiar Match: Equal; Equivalent Nightmare: Umpteen versions Evolve: Develop; Progress Peculiar: Odd;Strange

21、;Unusual Have trouble doing sth,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(1).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,为什么会这样？原因不在于英语好学。诚然，英语单词词性简单，但是动词变化不规律，语法怪异，拼写和发音之间的对应简直是噩梦。由于传播十分广泛，英语衍生出众多的版本，有些独特的表达连英语为“母语”的人们也难以相互理解,Text I a world empire by other

22、means商务综合英语,The main idea of 2nd paragraph Come a long way Not easy,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,3As a language with many origins Romance, Germanic, Norse, Celtic and so on English was bound to be a mess. But its elasticity makes it messier, as well as stronger. When it comes to new wo

23、rds, English puts up few barriers to entry. Every year publishers bring out new dictionaries listing neologisms galore. The past decade, for instance, has produced not just a host of Internettery, computerese and phonebabble (browsers, downloading, texting and so on) but quantities of teenspeak (fav

24、e, fit, pants, phat, sad). All are readily received by English, however much some fogies may resist them.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,But its elasticity makes it messier,TEXT I,But its elasticity makes it messier, as well as stronger.,What represents the elasticity of English?,It abso

25、rbs words from other languages and accepts created ones, thus a much larger vocabulary than many languages. In its history, it accepts, both in spoken and written form, influences from other languages, religion, law and science.,What does elasticity mean?,flexibility, adaptability,Text I a world emp

26、ire by other means商务综合英语,But its elasticity makes it messier 2,TEXT I,How does the elasticity of English make it messier and stronger?,messier:There are many varieties of English, differences among them in pronunciation, vocabulary, grammar and so on, which can be very confusing sometimes. stronger:

27、English can be used in many fields and so it becomes a lingua franca, and enjoys a dominant status.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,When it comes to,TEXT I,When it comes to saving the planet, do celebrities practise what they preach? When it comes to renting or buying, youll spend about t

28、he same amount.,When it comes to as regards,to is not followed by an infinitive, but a noun or noun phrase.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,barrier,TEXT I,barrier: n. ( to) obstacle,language barrier, trade barrier to remove barriers to success set barriers to communication,obstacle, hindr

29、ance,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,A host of,TEXT I,a host of a great number of,a host of bills a host of new devices,a crowd of, a swarm of, a flock of, a throng of,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Origin: Source:Beginning Be bound to do: Elasticity:Spring;Flexibility Mess: D

30、isorder Put up :Erect;Build Barrier:Obstacle;Difficulty Neologism galore A host of Internettery Computerese Phonebabble Teenspeak Fogy,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(2).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,英语的来源甚广，包括罗曼语、日耳曼语、挪威语、凯尔特语等等，因此它必

31、定会杂乱无章，但正是这种灵活性在使它变得庞杂的同时，也变得更加强大。提到新词，英语几乎毫不阻拦地接纳。每年出版商都会推出包含大量新词的新字典。例如，过往十年里不仅出现了很多网络用语、计算机用语、手机用语（如“浏览器”、“下载”、“发短信”等），还诞生了大量青少年俚语（如“赞”、“正”、“残”、“酷”、“杯具”）。虽然一些守旧者强烈反对，但这些都被英语欣然接纳。,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Main idea of the third paragraph Mess-elasticity Fogy-resist,Text I a world

32、 empire by other means商务综合英语,4.English-speakers have not always been so angst-free about this laisser-faire attitude to their language. In the 18th century three writers Joseph Addison (who founded the Spectator), Daniel Defoe (who wrote Robinson Crusoe) and Jonathan Swift (Gullivers Travels) wanted

33、 to see a committee set up to regulate the language.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Angst-free,TEXT I,angst-free: a. without anger or worry,-free: not containing a specified substance (often used in combination),tax-free a sugar-free soft drink,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,

34、Laisser-faire attitude,TEXT I,laisser-faire attitude: laisser-faire often refers to the principles of free trade, allowing for freedom to a great degree. Here it means hardly any restriction in the use and development of English.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,English-speakers have not a

35、lways been so,TEXT I,English-speakers have not always been so angst-free about this laisser-faire attitude to their language.,Paraphrase the sentence.,Some people in history, contrary to most others, took a negative attitude towards the elasticity of English.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合

36、英语,to see a committee set up to see done: to make sure You will see the work done properly. He is always the last to go to bed to see all the doors locked.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Joseph Addison (1 May 1672 17 June 1719) was an English essayist, poet, playwright, and politician. H

37、e was the eldest son of The Reverend Lancelot Addison. His name is usually remembered alongside that of his long-standing friend, Richard Steele, with whom he founded The Spectator magazine.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Daniel Defoe was an English trader, writer, journalist, pamphletee

38、r, and spy, most famous for his novel Robinson Crusoe.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Jonathan Swift (30 November 1667 19 October 1745) was an Anglo-Irish satirist, essayist, political pamphleteer (first for the Whigs, then for the Tories), poet and cleric who became Dean of St Patricks

39、Cathedral, Dublin.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Angst-free Laisser-faire Attitude to Committee Set up : Regulate :Order;Standardize;Adjust,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(3).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,英语母语者也并非一直对自己语言的

40、这种放任态度毫不在意。18世纪便有三位作家约瑟夫爱迪生（旁观者周刊的创立者）、丹尼尔笛福（鲁滨逊漂流记的作者）以及约翰森斯威夫特（格列佛游记的作者）希望建立一个委员会来规范英语。,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Main idea of paragraph 5 : Fogy-speaker Committee-regulate,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,5.Fortunately, the principles of free trade triumphed. The succes

41、s or failure of a language has little to do with its inherent qualities and everything to do with the power of the people who speak it.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,To have little to do with,TEXT I,to have little to do with:,to have everything to do with to have much to do with to have

42、 nothing to do with ,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Triumph: Succeed; Win Have little to do with Inherent:Intrinsic;Innate;Inborn,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(4).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,所幸，自由贸易的原则占了上风。一种语言的成败并不取决于

43、它的内在品质，“而全在于说这种语言的人拥有多大权力。”,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,The main idea No -inherent quality But -the power,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,6English moved with the times, and by the 19th century the times were such that it had spread across an empire on which the sun never se

44、t. It thus began its rise as a global language.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Text I_ BG_2.1,On hearing “The Empire on which the sun never sets, what do you think?,TEXT I,powerful, universal language, invasion ,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,thus,TEXT I,thus: ad. in the way

45、indicated, in this way; accordingly, therefore,Which of the following is wrong? 1. We have arrived late. Thus we have to face the penalty. 2. We were not careful, thus we have to pay the fine.,We were not careful. Thus we have to pay the fine.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第

46、2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(5).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Thus 2,TEXT I,Translate the following sentences.,If you throw the ball thus, as Im showing you, youll have better luck hitting the target. 2. I have all the tools I need. Thus I should be able to fix the bike myself. 3. Regis

47、ter your phone right after purchase thus enabling us to provide you even better service in case of questions or in case of a warranty claim.,tr.,tr.,tr.,如果你像我演示的这样扔球，命中的机会更大些。,我有所有需要的工具，所以我应该可以自己把自行车修好。,购买后请立即登记您的电话，以使我们在您有疑问或提出保修要求时能提供更好的服务。,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,英语随时代发展，到19世纪它

48、已蔓延到日不落帝国的各个角落，自那以后它开始成为全球的语言。,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Main idea Empire -global,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,7.That could be seen not just by the use of English in Britains colonies, but also by its usefulness much farther afield. When, for instance, Germany and Japa

49、n were negotiating their alliance against America and Britain in 1940, their two foreign ministers held their discussions in English. But however accommodating English might be the real reason for the latter day triumph of English is the triumph of the English-speaking United States as a world power

50、. Therein lies a huge source of friction.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Not just by But also by Afield Alliance: Accommodating:Helpful;Accepting Friction :Resistance;Conflict,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(6).mp3,Text I a world empire by

51、 other means商务综合英语,英语的发展不仅见于其在英国殖民地的广泛应用，还体现在它在遥远国度的用途。例如，1940年，德国和日本协商建立反对英美的同盟，这两国的外交大臣交流时使用的便是英语。然而，不论英语如何地海纳百川，它日后的成功要归功于美国这个英语国家作为世界巨头的崛起，这其中也存在导致摩擦的重大原因,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,8The merit of English as a global language is that it enables people of different countries to con

52、verse and do business with each other. But languages are not only a medium of communication, which enable nation to speak unto nation. They are also repositories of culture and identity. And in many countries the all-engulfing advance of English threatens to damage or destroy much local culture. Thi

53、s is sometimes lamented even in England itself, for though the language that now sweeps the world is called English, the culture carried with it is American.,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,All-engulfing,TEXT I,all-engulfing:,all-knowing:knowing everything all-important:of greatest import

54、ance all-powerful:having unlimited power,Do you know any other words combined with all?,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,Though the language that now sweeps the,TEXT I,Paraphrase the sentence., though the language that now sweeps the world is called English, the culture carried with it is

55、American.,English was spread through the power of the British Empire, but now it is spread through the culture of a different powerful country the USA. (Actually, globalization is equivalent to Americanization to a large extent.),Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,The merit Converse-conversa

56、tion Medium of communication Repository All-engulfing Lament Be carried with,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(7).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,英语成为全球通用的语言，其好处在于便利各国人民相互交流、进行商务往来。然而，语言不仅是国与国之间对话交流的媒介，还是文化和身份的宝库。在很多国家，英语日益显现出压倒性势头，将要破坏或摧

57、毁当地的文化，有时甚至在英国也有如此令人悲叹的情景，目前横扫世界的语言叫做英语，但承载它的确是美国文化。,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,9.On the whole the Brits do not complain. Some may regret the passing of the bullet-proof waistcoat (in favour of the bullet-proof vest), the arrival of hopefully at the start of every sentence, the whole

58、sale disappearance of the perfect tense, and the mutation of the meaning of presently from soon to now. But few mind or even notice that their old railway station has become a train station, the car park is turning into a parking lot and people now live on, not in, a street.,Text I a world empire by

59、 other means商务综合英语,新世纪商务英语综合教程 第2册Unit1MP3U1-Text I_clip(8).mp3,Text I a world empire by other means商务综合英语,英国人对此倒没什么怨言。虽然有一些人对这些词语的消亡感到遗憾，如“bullet-proof waistcoat”演变成“bullet-proof vest”（均为“防弹背心”的意思）、每句话开头都加“hopefully（希望如此）”，完成时态彻底消亡，以及“presently”的意思从“尽快”变成了“目前”，但几乎没有人介意甚至注意到“railway station”变成了“train station”（均为“火车站”的意思），“car park”变成了“parking lot”（均为“停车场”的意思），“住在某条街”的英文表达此前使用“live in”，现在使用“live on”。,Text I a world