高考英语阅读技巧之猜词

1、Enjoy English, Enjoy life!,高中英语阅读解题 方法指导猜词技巧,How do you deal with the unfamiliar words or phrases while reading?,Ignore them and continue reading,Look them up in the dictionary,Guess the meaning,词义理解题常见的题型有: The underlined word (phrase, term) “” means _. According to the passage, the word “” properl

2、y means _. The word “” in paragraph refers to _. By “”, the author means _. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “”?,1.He would _ the gold from his grandma. 2. Unlike his brother, Hobart is quite _.,Guess the missing words,Harvey is a thief: he would _ the gold from his grandma and not fe

3、el guilty.,steal,Unlike his brother, who is truly a handsome person, Hobart is quite _.,ordinary-looking,plain/homely,Guessing unknown words/ vocabulary,The lion has its “territory” , which is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims（声称）as its own.(2005 湖北卷） “territory” means _,an area( that

4、-own) 动物地盘,2. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. The underlined word means_. A.strong B. determined C. kind D. clever,定语从句或其后的句子其实是一种定义或解释,技巧归纳1: Use _ 利用_,definition or explanation 定义或解释猜测词义,Signal words: means, refers to, be called, be know

5、n as ,can be defined as, in other words, that is , that is to say, 定语从句.etc.,（2005 江西卷） Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots(嫩芽）, or young leaves of trees. The word “pruning” means_ A. Regular cutting（修剪） of the plants B. Frequent watering C. Regular use of chemical

6、s D. Growing the plants high in the mountain 技巧归纳 2 ： Using_ 根据_,common sense or experience 普通常识和经验,技巧归纳3: 利用_ from_,2.The period of adolescence, the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short. “adolescence” means_,The period between childhood and adulthood,同义/同位语 similarity/apposi

7、tive,1. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today “ocelot” means _,an endangered wild cat,The largest player Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Center offers a wide variety of choices, such as deluxe sedans, minivans, station wagons, coaches. Santana sedans are the big

8、favorite of the tourists. The words “deluxe sedans,” “minivans” and “station wagons” used in the text refer to _. A. cars in the making B. car rental firms C. cars for rent D. car makers,技巧归纳4: 利用_,举例 from examples,Signal words：for example ，for instance，such as ，like，as-as，etc.,技巧归纳5： 利用_ From_,1. T

9、he snow was falling.Big flakes drifted(飘） with the wind like feathers.,2. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person who does not like to go to parties or make new friends.,雪花，雪片,爱交际的,比较或对比 comparison or contrast,Signal words: as, like, the same as，unlike, but，however, on the contrary, while

10、,insteadect.,技巧归纳6: 利用_ From_,(1)Overwork may cause diseases. over（过分的、过量的）workoverwork“工作过度”。 (2)There was a dissatisfied look in the managers eyes. dis “不” + satisfied“满意的=dissatisfied “不满意的”。,构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等） Word formation,中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：,super- (超) mini- (极小的, 微小的) micro-（极微小的） re- （再，反复） mis-

11、（误，恶） im-（不） un-（不，非） in-（不，非） non-（不，非） -able（能的 ） -less（不，无） -wards (向),superman microwave (超人) nonnatural mispronouce (非自然的) homeless nonsmoker (无家可归的) rebuild eastwards (重建),Can you guess the right meanings?,(微波),(非烟民),(发错音),(向东),1. Is he intelligent or stupid? 2.Most women in Ghana- the educate

12、d and illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old- work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self-reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved. The underlined word “illiterate” in the passage

13、 means _. A. Repeated B. reiterated. C uneducated D. sick,clever,技巧归纳7: 利用_ From_,同义词或反义词的关系猜词。 Synonym or Antonym.,I feel that since you are my superior（上司）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .” The word “presumptuous” is closest in meaning to “ ” . Afull of respect B rude and t

14、oo confident Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet,B,技巧归纳8： 利用_ From _,原因与结果关系猜词 from Cause and Result,Signal words: because，since ,so, suchthat,sothat, ect.,The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 技

15、巧归纳9: Use_ 利用_,worked as an engineer.,context or related information 上下文的语境,猜词技巧 Tips for guessing the meaning of words 1.利用定义或解释 2.利用普通常识和经验 3.利用同义/同位语 4.利用举例 5.利用比较或对比 6.利用构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等） 7.利用同义词或反义词 8.利用原因与结果关系猜词 9.利用上下文的语境,More practice. Finish Exx.1 to 8, then discuss the answers with your gr

16、oup.,1 . A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so. The word “audience” in the paragraph means _. A.students B. people who watch a play C. people who

17、 act on the stage D. people who listen to something,常识 teacher-students, 2. When some kind of pain killer(止痛药） was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective（无效的）. The underlined part “the colours turned t

18、he customers off” means that the colours_ Attracted the customers strongly Had weak effects on the customers Tricked the customers into shopping Caused the customers to lose interest,D,因果关系 because, 3. Collins decided that she must go, although the hazards of the trip were many, for example, the unb

19、earable heat , the possibility of getting lost , the presence of wild animals and poisonous snakes . “hazard” means _ A. pleasure, B. problem, C. danger, D. attraction,C,举例for example, 4. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame com

20、petition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society The underlined phrase “the most vocal” means_ Those who try their best to win Those who value competition most highly Those who are against competition most strongly Those who re

21、ly on others most for success,C,上下文语境 context or related information, 5. Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to thema form of favoritism will replace equality. The word “favoritism is used to describe the phenomenon that _

22、. A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs B. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs C. poor children with certificates are favored in job markets D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success,破折号（定义或同位语）,6 . Grown-ups also have a sense of object permanence. That is to say, if we put a box in a room and lock the door, the box will still be there when we come back. “Object permanence” means that when out of sight, an object _ Still exists B. keeps its shape C. Still sta