高一英语必修2定语从句教学课件

1、Welcome to our class! The Attributive Clause 定语从句,试比较,She has a son who is a doctor. （不止一个） She has a son, who is a doctor. （仅有一个） He said nothing that made her angry. （没说使她生气的话） He said nothing, which made her angry.（他没作声，这使她非常生气）,The attributive Clause定语从句,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限

2、制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,分类？,This is the most beautiful forest _(我所见过的),限制性定语从句：,修饰名词和代词的从句,This is the most beautiful forest that I have seen.,定语从句,the most beautiful forest,先行词,that,关系词,This is the best film that I have seen.,关系词,引导定语从句,代替先行词,在从句中担当一个成分,关系词的作用,1）,2）,3

3、）,.限制性定语从句,The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. I have found the book which I lost. I visited the school where I studied.,关系代词 关系副词,注意事项: 1.从句的位置: 2.翻译方法: 3.构成：,先行词 之后,“.的”,关系词,思考一:如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词?,选用定语从句的关系词时，需注意两点： 1.先行词 2.关系词（或先行词）在从句中充当的 成分。,做主语，宾语，定语用

4、,做状语用,关系代词,关系副词,Focus in：,1. 关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which。先行词是人或物的名词或代词。 2. 关系副词：when, where, why。先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词。,I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived

5、 is being repaired now.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,用适当的关系词填空. Have a try! ! !,陡坡塘 Waterfall, _(位于贵州省的), is 105 meters wide and 21 meters high.,非限制性定语从句：,对所修饰名词和代词的从句做附加或者补充说明.,陡坡塘 Waterfall, which is in Guizhou, is 105 meters wide and 21 meters high.,定语从句,Waterfall,先行词,which,关系词,限制性定语从句和非限

6、制性定语从句,A.限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。,B.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明，用逗号“，”与主句隔开。如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上通常译成主句的并列句。,非限制性定语从句,3.The town where I live is beautiful. 4.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,1.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. 2.Mr Wang, who is kind, is p

7、opular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,能,不能,.的,能否省略,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,The town where I live is beautiful. Hangzhou, where I live, is beautiful.,分析两种定语从句省略后的结果,限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 所

8、以不能省略。,1.I have a sister who works in a hospital.,我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。,2. I have a sister , who works in a hospital.,我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。,3.All the magazines here which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him.,里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。,4.All the magazines here , which have beautiful pictures in them, were wr

9、itten by him.,所有的杂志都是他写的，里面都有漂亮的图画。,有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句的意思,（不只一位姐姐）,（只有一位姐姐）,（杂志有带图画和不带图画两类）,（杂志只有一种）,关系代词as的用法及其与which的区别 关系代词as在定语从句中指代整件事，充当句中的主语或者宾语，它经常和the same, such, as一起搭配使用，共同构成一个固定词组。 As we all know, he is a famous scientist. As is expected, he is a diligent boy. She has the same book

10、as you have.,关系代词as可以放在句子的开头，可以使用被动语态，而关系代词which则不可以。请比较： As everyone knows, it is necessary to build a hospital in this small town. It is necessary to build a hospital in this small town, which is clear to us. Our department will hold the meeting, as is known by us.,as习惯上用于下列词组: the sameas suchas a

11、sas as you know as we have seen as is known to all as anybody can see as was expected,For example,He has bought the same type of bike as I have . Such teachers as Tom think him bright. As we know,China is a developing country. He,as we expected,came to the party on time.,_ is known to all is the ear

12、th is round. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all the earth is round.,that,As,It,as的使用,What,that,This is the same book as I lost. This is the same book that I lost.,这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那本。,This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all li

13、ke.,as,as,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。,定语从句,This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,that,that,这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。,结果状语从句,4.限制性定语从句的关系代词做宾语时可省略。非限制性定语从句的关系代词作宾语时则不能省略，介词后的关系代词也不能省略。 I will never forget the days (that/which) we spent together. He is the man to

14、whom you can turn for help. His mother, whom he loved dearly,died in1918.,5。 限制性定语从句只修饰先行词，非限制性定语从句可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰其前面的整个句子或句子的一部分。 She failed to the exam again, which made her mother very angry. He will made a trip to Suzhou, which is famous for its beautiful scenery.,关系代词：which / who / whom / whose /

15、as 关系副词：when / where (非限制性定语从句中不用关系词that；非限制性定语从句中关系词不能省略),非限制性定语从句中通常使用下列关系代词和副词,1 He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think which is 2 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play,

16、_, of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 3 John said hed been working in the office for an hour, _ was true. A. he B. this C. which D. who 4 _ is known to all, the moon goes around the earth twice a month. A. As B. It C. Which D. What,EX3选择适当的代词填空，注意非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.He

17、failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them, that,1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book.,which,EX4思考:用五种方式（定语从句）翻译句子 这是他工作的工厂。,

18、1. This is the factory where he works. 2. This is the factory in which he works. 3. This is the factory which he works in. 4. This is the factory that he works in. 5. This is the factory x he works in.,思考: 介词+关系代词的情况 （1）,The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away.,t

19、o,in,介词+关系代词的情况 （2）,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,思考: Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 （3）,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Ex5 Are these two sentences right?,可见,who、th

20、at 不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况 4,Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短语中介词不能提前,思考:下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,Sum up:介词+关系代词,提醒: 介词关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键 是判断介词的选择. 方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配 方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom; 不可用th

21、at 或who 代替,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He dug a hole he could got water from the lake. 6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of ri

22、vers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 8. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at swimming. 9. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,under which,of which,to whom,o

23、f which,Ex6 : 介词+关系代词的使用,*关系代词和人称代词/指示代词的选择 He has three sons, none of _ is a doctor. He has three sons, but none of _ is a doctor. He has three sons, _ are doctors. He has three sons; _ are doctors. A. whom B. them C. they D. who,A,D,B,C,在of which/whom之前可以使用表达数量或定位的数词或代词。,1.I am doing different typ

24、es of exercises, all of _are quite helpful to my health. 2.Many people , some of _are not overweight , are going on diets. 3.There are 54 students in my class, three of _come from US.,Other examples,which,whom,whom,定语从句易混句型,1. I still remember the days _ I worked with the farmers. I still remember t

25、he days _ I spent with the farmers which B. on which C. when D. what 2. We were on the way _ it began to rain. I dont like the way _ you speak to your parents. A. when B. that C. how D. which,when,which,when,that,3. The teacher didnt know the reason _ she was absent yesterday. The teacher couldnt ac

26、cept the reason _ she explained yesterday. A. how B. why C. that D. who 4. Is this school _ you ever visited? Is this the school _ you ever studied? Is this the school in _ you ever studied? A. where B. which C. that D. the one,why,that,D,A,B,5. This is _ he said at he meeting yesterday. This is all

27、_ he said at the meeting yesterday. A. that B. which C. what D. how 6. _ is reported in the newspapers, they have beaten all the other teams. _ is reported in the newspaper that they have beaten all the other teams. _ is reported in the newspaper is that they have beaten all the other teams. A. It B

28、. As C. Which D. What,C,A,B,A,D,7. That is the house, _ windows hasnt been cleaned for months. That is the house, _ the windows hasnt been cleaned for months. That is the house, but _ windows hasnt been cleaned for months. A. its B. its C. whose D. of which,C,D,A,8. John said hed been working in the

29、 office for hours, _ true. John said hed been working in the office for hours, but _ true. he was B. it was C. which was D. who was,C,B,9. A few people were caught in the big fire, _ died. A few people were caught in the big fire, _ dead. A. two of who B. two of whom C. two of them D. two of they,B,

30、C,10. Do you know the girl _ calling herself Miss Forgetful? Do you know the girl _ calls herself Miss Forgetful? A. who B. whom C. she D. /,D,A,11. He wrote the best composition, _ surprised all of us. He wrote the best composition _ we all read just now. A. that B. which C. it D. /,B,A,Now do you know what it is? It is a clause which we use to describe a noun. 2. Then how to make attribu