高三英语定语从句讲解

1、高考英语定语从句讲解课件,1.1983 The doctor _ is leaving for Africa next month. the nurse is talking to him whom the nurse is talking C. the nurs is talking to D. Who the nurse is talking 2. 1985 He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 3. 1992 In the dark s

2、treet, there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help. A. That B. who C. from whom D. to whom,一. 介词加关系代词,注意1. 含介词的引导词，其介词可放在引导词whom, which前或在从句原来的位置上。介词不提前， 其在从句中作宾语的引导词who, whom, that, which可省。,但含有介词的短语动词一般不能拆开，如 look after, be made of, take part in, look forward to等。 例：The babies (who/whom)

3、 the nurses look after look strong and happy.,2. where = at/in/to + which when = at/in/on/during + which why = for which 例：This is the school where/at which I used to teach. They stood at the window, from where they could see what was happening in the street.,whose book = the book of which = of whic

4、h the book,二. 在下列情况下只用that，不用which 先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, the one等不定代词时 There is nothing ( that ) I can do. I mean the one that was brought yesterday. 先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. You may take home any o

5、f these books that you like. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the first composition (that)he has written in English. This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.,先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the same, the last修饰时 The white flower is the only one ( that) I really like. This is the very book (that) I wa

6、nt to find. The last place( that) we visited was the hospital. This is the same watch that I lost yesterday. 当先行词有两个或两个以上时,既有人又有物,定语 从句用that 引导 (that既可指人也可指物) He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.,that 不能引导非限制性定语从句,that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用 which,指人用whom）,关系代词作定语从句中系动词的表语时,或先行在主句中作

7、表语What great changes! It is not the city (that) it was ten years ago.,2. most of + which/whom引导的定语从句属非限定性 定语从句，从句前应有逗号与主句分开，除most外， 还有many, some, any, all, none, several, few, both, half, the majority, a number, the youngest, three(数词) in front of, in the middle of, at the back of, at the bottom of,

8、 on the top of, at the foot of + which等。 例：He works in a middle school, in front of which there is a river.,1. 无关系代词 that ,只有which who whom,三在非限制性定语从句中,. 在非限制性定语从句中的as, which,1). the sameas, suchas, soas, asas 等 结构中,只用as This is not such a book as I expected. I live in the same building as he (lives

9、 in). Here is so big a stone as no man can lift. As many children as came here were my fathers pupils.,2). as 的这种用法通常出现在一些固定短语之中如： 1as has been said before 如上所述 2as may be imagined 正如可以想象出来的那样 3as is well known 众所周知 4as was expected 正如预料的那样 5as has been already pointed out 正如已经指出的那样 6as we all can s

10、ee 正如我们都会看到的那样,3). as 替代一句话即可放句首也可放句末， 而which只能放句末。,The man died last night, which is a lie.,四.定语从句中的主谓一致 定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。 例如： 1.Here are such sentences as are often used by the students.( as指代sentences,谓语动词用are)。 2.I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.( who指代I, 谓语用am.)

11、。 3.He was one of the students who were praised for it. ( who指代the students) 他是被表扬的学生之一。 4.He was the only one of the students who was praised for it. ( who 指the only one) 他是唯一被表扬的学生。,五. 易与定语从句混淆的其他复合句 1.定语从句与同位语从句 定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰的关系“的”。 而同位语从句是用来说明前面名词的内容。与that从句 同位的名词必须是一些表事实或概念的抽象名词， 如fact, new

12、s, belief, truth, reply等。that在定语从句中 作成分，可用which 或who/whom代替；而that在同位 语从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用。试比较： We all have heard the news that our team won. (同位语从句，that从句表示news的内容，that 在从句 中不作任何成分) We dont believe the news that/which he told us yesterday. (定语从句，that 作told 的宾语),2. 定语从句与状语从句。 试比较： He left the key whe

13、re he had been an hour before. (where引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where) He left the place where he lived for many years. (where 引导定语从句，修饰the place) He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect. (as 引导定语从句) He is such a good teacher that we all like him. (that引导结果状语从句,suchthat “如此以致”),3定语从句与主

14、语从句。 试比较： As is known to us all, paper was first made in China. (as 引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首) It is known to us all that paper was first made in China. (it 做形式主语，代替that 引导的主语从句) 4定语从句与强调结构。试比较： It is the house where I met the young man. (where 引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语 从句中作地点状语) It was in the house that

15、I met the young man. (本句为强调结构，可还原为 I met the young man in the house.),1. It is the young man _ looked for _ caught the murderer. A. that who B. that they C . they that D theywhich,2.Is this factory _ we visited last year? A. where B in which C the one D at which,3. The book, the cover _ is broken, i

16、s not mine. A. of it B for C whose D of which,4. This is Mr Smith, _ I think has something interesting to tell you. A . who B whom C. that D. x,5. Who _ has seen the TV film doesnt admire it? A . that B who C which D as 分析：先行词是who，到是指人，可为了避免重复， 不用who，而用能指代 人的that。答案是A。,7. This is the last time _ I s

17、hall give you a lesson. A. when B that C which D in which 分析：答案是B。这里的time不指时间，而是次数。 且先行词time 被the last 所修饰,所以用that引导。 8. I dont like the way _ you laugh at her. A . that B on which C which D as,9. _ have plenty of money will help their friend. A. Those who B. He who C. That who D. You who,10. I shal

18、l never forget those years _ I lived in the farm _ you visited last week. A. when, where B. which, which C. when , which D. which , where,6. You can never imagine what great trouble I have had_ the patient who received a serious wound. A. treat B. to treat C treating D treated 注：have trouble (diffic

19、ult) doing sth,六.定语从句可缩略为短语： 1、 缩略为分词短语 有些定语从句可直接略去作主语的 关系代词（who, which,例如： I know the men(who are )sitting in that car.(IME 2) The boys helped the people (that were )hurt in the accident. ( ib ) . 3) The problem (which is) bothering everybody is the lack of money. (ib) 4) The book (that has been) g

20、iven to him is an English novel.(NEC)语小说。 有些定语从句不能按上述方法直接缩略，而需变动词 为这类定语从句一般缩略为现在分词短语，且在缩略 时要考虑现在分词的时态和词态特征。 例如：,5) The man who owns that car will be fined for illegal parking The man owning that car will be fined for illegal parking . 6) Bill, who had taken chemistry in high school , offered to help

21、 him . Bill, having taken chemistry in high school , offered to help him. 7) Now, however, the furniture which they are carrying down to the truck feels very heavy. Now, however, the furniture being carried down to the truck feels very heavy.,2、缩略为形容词短语 若定词从句为主体表结构，且表语由形容短词充当， 可直接略去作主词的关系代词和连系动词，从而使

22、 定词从句缩略为形容词短语作后置定语。 例如： The men (who were ) responsible for the administration of the school refused to consider the matter . 2).We said goodbye to Mrs. Long, (who was) still busy at her chores. 3).The puppy, (which was) too excited to be calmed , barked furiously.,3缩略为名词短语 由名词短语作表语的非限制性定语从句略去作 主语的关

23、系代词和连系动词便成为名词短语作同位语。 例如： 1）The company commander, (who was) Captain Madison, assembled his men and announced their mission. 连长,墨迪逊上尉,把战士们集合起来宣布他们的 战斗任务。 2）You should have a talk with Mr. Worth , (who is )the adviser to students. 你应该和沃斯先生-学生顾问谈一谈。 3) We finally reached Rio, (which was) the end or our

24、 journey.,4缩略为介词短语 若定语从句为主系表句型，且表语为介语短语，可略去 主语关系代词和连系动词，使之缩略为介词短语作 后置定语。 此外，若定语从句中含“有”动词（has, have, had）， 用介词with / without 取替定语从句中主语关系代词 和“有”动词，使定语从句缩略为介词 with / without 短语作后置定语。With 适用于肯定的定语从句； without 适用于否定的定语从句。,例如:He spoke to the girl (who was) from New York,例如： 1).The company wants men who hav

25、e experience. The company wants men with experience. 2） My father went up to the woman who had a book under her arm. My father went up to the women with a book under her arm. 3）The teacher was looking for a rule that did not have an exception . The teacher was looking for a rule without an exception

26、.,5、缩略为动词不定式短词 某些含情态动词或助动词的定语从句可缩略为动词 不定式短语作后置定语。例如： 1）You need someone who can look after you. 2) The way you should start the machine is to press the button . 3) There are still many obstacles that must be overcome. 4) The question which will be discussed tomorrow is whether income tax should be i

27、ncreased. 5) There are plenty of toys with which the children can play .,； 强势锁婚：傅少的哑巴新妻； ； ； 心问道丶根汉道：这东西里面有些东西,与咱有渊源,现在咱得到了,它就消散了丶你还真是占尽了机缘呀,这都能看到丶纪蝶笑了笑丶根汉苦笑：也不壹定就是好东西,是福是祸不知道丶哦?没什么事吧?艾丽皱眉问道丶之前她和纪蝶也看过了,这石碑是之前壹个犯人交出来,因为他估计可能没有什么用,就拿这个东西与白狼马交换,免去了十天惩罚,提前离开了这里丶事倒没什么事,只是这东西,咱现在壹时还参不透,感觉可能是祸,现在也说不清楚丶根汉也比

28、较无奈,只说是得到了壹种心法,好像是壹些古文字,但是现在自己也没明白是什么意思丶写了一些字出来,这二女也都没有见过,干脆她们就进去根汉乾坤世界修行去了丶根汉也因为有了壹些感悟,也进了自己乾坤世界,来到了叶家大殿丶父亲。刚刚进来,院中两位美丽女人,便补了过来,壹左壹右挽着了根汉胳膊丶你们出关了?根汉有些欣喜,这是自己两个女尔,依依和恋恋丶叶依依笑道：咱们照顾大姐二姐呢丶她们要你们照顾干吗?根汉苦笑：咱看你们是想偷懒修行吧?现在可不能乱偷懒,用不了几年就要上成仙路了丶反正有父亲,咱们才不去打打杀杀呢,呆在这里面就行了,乾坤世界挺好。叶恋恋笑了笑丶根汉也有些无奈,不过嘴上还是说了句,不思进取之类责斥

29、话丶只是二女也不当回事了,也知道父亲不会是真说她们,她们和根汉壹道都进了殿,一些狐女正在这里照顾叶妙妙和叶萌萌丶她们早就换上了宽松衣裳,肚子有些微微隆起了,道胎在她们体内已经怀了半年多了丶父亲,您来了。见到根汉过来了,二女也十分高兴,连忙要起身丶根汉道：不要起来行礼了,咱来看看你们,最近还好吧?谢谢父亲关心啦,咱们挺好,您看有她们照顾着,能吃能喝能睡,就差变成养猪了,咱都胖了好多了。叶妙妙幸福笑着,这脸蛋还真是有些圆了丶叶萌萌也说：大姐比咱可好多了,咱都重了十来斤了,再这样下去,得真成猪了丶怀孩子哪有不胖。根汉笑了笑,在壹旁坐下,壹个狐女给他端来了壹杯参茶,根汉笑了笑道：等生完孩子,用不了多久

30、就恢复了,又是两个超级大美人了丶哈哈,还是父亲嘴好听丶二女都乐了,根汉亲自给她们把了把脉,替她们检查了壹下身子,确定现在道胎状态壹切良好之后,这才放心下来丶父亲,您还这么紧张呢?依依和恋恋倚在根汉身边,有些羡慕说,咱们都想要结道胎了呢,以前可没见您这么关心咱们呢。呵呵。根汉壹听这话,心里满眼都是泪,这些丫头个个不学好,这大姐二姐不带好头丶根汉笑道：这可是咱头两个宝贝外孙女,咱能不紧张吗?先生就是好呀,以前咱们生时候,你是不是看都没看壹眼呀?依依还调侃根汉丶根汉哼道：你以为你们不记得事呢?就你出来时候,壹抱你就给咱来了壹泡尿。哈哈。父亲,您太逗了。咱怎么不记得?依依壹时大窘,在场人都乐了,根汉幸

31、福回忆道：这还能有假,当时你们这两个小家伙壹出来,壹个给咱来了壹泡尿,壹个抱了没壹会尔就拉屎了。呃,父亲别说了,好恶心。二女连忙说不要说了,壹旁叶萌萌则好奇问：是恋恋拉屎吗?二姐。叶恋恋大窘,连忙说道：别听父亲胡说,咱怎么壹点印象也没有,咱们就算是刚刚出生,许多事情也是记得呀丶刚出生小婴尔,能记得什么呀,你们又不是神仙。根汉则壹本正色说：说就是你呢,咱刚刚给你起完名字,就给咱拉壹手。呃,父亲别说了,好恶心丶这两姐妹也不敢再调侃根汉了,心想这父亲谁知道他说真假呢,壹出生就给他拉屎身上,而且这么小时候事情,是真话就够窘了丶根汉笑了笑：小孩子不都是这么长大,这有什么好害羞,以后她们两个生了,你们帮着

32、带话,屎啊尿啊是少不了丶那有她们带呀,又不用咱们丶依依笑着看着壹旁狐女们,她们也温馨笑了笑,叶恋恋也说：咱那时候应该闭关去了丶两位姐姐,你们到时候叫咱哈丶这话说真假,若真是去闭关了,谁也不会去叫你们了丶当然这只是姐妹们间开玩笑话,大姐二姐生小孩那壹天,她们这些姐妹,弟弟们都会全员到齐丶父亲,您好久没有给咱们解道了。依依倚着根汉胳膊道：大家只知道闷头修行,有时候有些困惑还没有解开呢。对呀,是不是抽空给咱们组织壹场授道之礼呀。恋恋也眨眼道丶根汉问叶妙妙：你们妙妙姐,不是经常给你们组织吗?以前是母亲和妈妈们给咱们授道呀,现在她们大部分都不在了。依依和恋恋也有些黯然丶根汉默然道：给你们解道自然是可以,

33、咱随时有空,只不过你们得让大家都集中起来了,省得咱壹个壹个去解了丶恩,父亲咱来组织吧丶妙妙说丶根汉看了看她肚子：你就不要去忙活这些事情了,这些事情就交给依依和恋恋去做吧,你们不是出关了吗,联系大家事情就交给你们了丶好父亲,咱们壹定完成得棒棒丶依依挥了挥拳头丶根汉心中壹阵温暖,也有些感慨,是呀,自己有多少年没有给自己亲生女尔们解道了丶以前壹直都是七彩神尼她们,时不时由她们当中人,去给她们传道解惑,而自己真好久没有这样子做了丶甚至有些时候,自己有些孩子,之前若是没有聚到壹起话,自己可能都快不得了她们样子了丶还有她们名字,有时候自己都搞混了,这样想起来,自己真不是壹个合格父亲呀丶就算是要修行,闭关,

34、给自己这几十个孩子,解解惑时间还是有丶。从乾坤世界中出来,根汉就在思考自己这件事情了丶大哥,小黑好了没有?白狼马似乎有些事情要处理,想让小黑出来接他班丶猫补中文叁捌7贰放心吧(猫补中文)叁捌7贰就算是要修行,闭关,给自己这几十个孩子,解解惑时间还是有丶。从乾坤世界中出来,根汉就在思考自己这件事情了丶大哥,小黑好了没有?白狼马似乎有些事情要处理,想让小黑出来接他班丶现在基本上每天,这仙牢中都会有个把犯人进来,所以基本上每个仙牢中人都是满丶壹旦空出位置来,就会有新犯人进来丶根汉看了看执法旗,对白狼马说：你先去处理吧,咱来盯着就行了丶好吧,大哥咱先进你乾坤世界了丶白狼马又进他乾坤世界去了,只留下根汉

35、壹个人呆在这里,看着面前执法旗丶这时候有壹个犯人掉进了,最后壹间空着困仙牢,上面列出了他罪状丶冲撞圣使,罚十天,恶梦之术!根汉看也没看,直接丢出了壹道法符,然后壹片黑光罩了过去,里面马上就传来了壹声声惨叫丶恶梦之术降临了,这家伙敌不过,只能是悲惨嚎叫了丶小黑还没有恢复,现在十壹间困仙牢都满了人了,暂时这几天,根汉也没打算放人了丶就在他们在这里呆着吧,反正也都不是什么大罪,同样也不是特别强犯人没有什么好敲,就让他们在这里呆着受罚丶牢主饶命呀,牢主饶命啊,咱有情况要禀报。结果这个刚刚被施以恶梦之术家伙,竟然还会喊牢主饶命,根汉不由得多看了壹眼丶壹般来说,中了恶梦之术人,哪知道自己是中恶梦,看来这人

36、还有些见识有可能来过困仙牢丶小有情况禀报呀,小知道困仙牢离开方法丶这家伙竟然说他知道,离开困仙牢方法,根汉眼中壹亮,立即右手在执法旗上面壹扯,将那道法符给扯了出来丶你说你知道方法?根汉冷声哼道,若是咱知道你说有假,你知道后果丶小不敢骗牢主,咱确是知道啊丶这人是壹个挺正常人亭,只不过在他眉心,好像有壹道黑记,这似乎是壹道胎记丶根汉这才想起来,这好像是那什么仙狱中狱卒标记丶你是狱卒?根汉问道丶这人立即趴伏在地上,喘着粗气道：回牢主话,小确曾是这仙狱中壹位狱卒,因为壹些事情于百年前被开除下放到了壹座圣城中修行丶说吧,如何开启,如果是真,咱会考虑放过你丶根汉笑了笑丶仙狱不仅仅只有根汉他们这些牢主,最重

37、要是,仙狱还有大量狱卒,平时若是有人犯了仙规,便是这些狱卒去抓捕,然后丢到这困仙牢中来丶只不过壹般抓人是狱头带着狱卒出去,关进困仙牢事情,最后都是由狱头送到困仙牢中来,小小狱卒是并不知道如何开启外部困仙牢丶看来这小子,有可能是从他们当年狱头处,得到了壹些消息丶小狱卒连忙先喝了点酒,压了压刚刚在恶梦中看到恐怖画面,然后这才对根汉丢出了壹块玉简丶根汉将这块玉简,从里面吸了出来,落到了他手里丶还请牢主开恩,小只是被人陷害给犯了壹些小事,绝不是无良之辈,请牢主开恩放了咱吧丶小狱卒向根汉求情,根汉哼道：你善与恶且不论,若是这术是真,本牢主自然会放过你丶谢谢牢主,这肯定是真,当年咱们狱头,都是以这术行走于

38、各大困仙牢之间丶而且他还可以进入各大圣城,神城,甚至是仙城中,都是倚仗此术,当年咱们狱头他大舅子是现在黑衣掌教呢丶小狱卒很肯定,这术壹定有用丶根汉点了点头,神识进入玉简,立即就看到了里面壹些术法,看了壹遍之后嘴角扬起现出了满意笑容丶这确是传送之术,上面还有仙使行走于这些仙狱中秘术,这还真是壹件宝贝丶你可以走了,此事不得与外界人言说,不然没有人能保你命丶根汉在执法旗中打出了壹道神光丶仙牢门打开了,小狱卒给根汉磕了个头,拜谢道：小谢过牢主了,从今天起,小根本没有来过什么困仙牢丶恩,去吧丶根汉满意拈了拈手中这块玉简,喃喃自语道：真是得来全不费功夫呀,那个仙使不是想暗算咱吗?以为咱根汉只能在这里等死,

39、马上就会是你们恶梦时间了。有了这玉简上面术,自己就可以去到别困仙牢了,甚至还可以去成仙路了,不用管这个仙狱中事情了丶只不过根汉现在也不想离开仙狱,若是自己逃走了,到时候肯定会上这仙狱黑名单,没准还会被抓回来丶不过自己就可以去找那个仙使了,还可以暗中盯着他们,看看那家伙和封天那一些什么困仙牢牢主,到底有什么阴谋丶自己不再处于被动局面了,这些天,他壹直就觉得,暗中好像有人盯着他,时不时就会有这种感觉丶他根汉没有这样术,只能呆在这壹座困仙牢中,相当于成了别人翁中之鳖不过从今天起就不壹样了丶小黑现在还没有恢复,根汉将陈三六给叫了出来,同时在自己所呆这座仙殿外面,还布下了封印丶至于那困仙牢中关着十个犯人

40、,现在就由着他们去了,到时候了惩罚时间到了,自然会打开仙门放他们离去丶若是有新犯人进来,暂时也就不施法了,让他们好过几天再说丶陈三六出来后,也见到了根汉这块玉简,也是十分欣喜：大哥这可是好东西呀,有了这东西咱们就可以去别困仙牢看看了,时不时出去打个秋风啊丶呵呵,叫你来就是这个意思丶根汉笑了笑丶陈三六道：大哥你吩咐吧,要咱做什么,咱最近也没别事情可做,正好跟着大哥去闯壹闯呀丶这倒用不着你跟咱去外面闯丶根汉话,令陈三六有些失望呀,根汉道：咱会带着纪蝶和艾丽去,你就不要去掺和了,这地方水深得很丶好吧丶陈三六自知实力还差了些,不过却不明白根汉意思,根汉对他道：这里肯定是还需要有人坐镇,为了掩人耳目,咱

41、会让咱第二元神出来,在这里坐镇丶第二元神。陈三六眼中亮光壹闪,赞道：妙,大哥这壹招太妙了,估计他们也不会想到,大哥还有第二元神丶让第二元神在这里坐镇,因为实力与根汉本尊差不多,长相又壹样,这样掩人耳目方法实在是太妙了丶根汉点头微笑道：是啊,有了第二元神坐镇,再加上你和屠苏在这边配合他,如果有什么意外话,你们也足可以应付了丶成,大哥你就放心吧,这里交给咱们了丶陈三六嘿嘿笑道：大哥去别地方,可得顺点好东西过来呀,要不就去仙城转壹转也行呀。仙城暂时就不去了,那里人多眼杂,也有许多仙庭眼线,难保不会被发现丶根汉沉声道：倒是这仙狱到底有什么水,还得借此机会去趟壹趟丶恩丶。事情就这么决定了,根汉拿出了壹个