英语句子成分及结构.ppt

1、英语文章构成及结构、文章组成部分包括主语和谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、宾语、定语、状语等。1主题，主题是动作的发送者。它在文章的开头。We study in No.1中间学校。(“谁”)The classroom is very clean。(“什么”)Three were absent。To teach them English is my job。It is my作业them English。(注-不定式以主语的一般形式给出的it文章)eating too much is bad for your health(名词是主语)，2谓词，2谓词，主语是“做什么”，“做什么”或“如何

2、”谓语要用动词放在主题后面，主谓语是一致的。His Parents are doctors。(作为谓语的动词)She looks well(作为谓语的动词)We study hard(实义动词是谓语)He can speak English(情态动词和实义动词是谓语)，3个表语，表语是主题什么标语在系动词之后。You look happy。(形容词作表语)I am a teacher .(名词作为表语)Everybody is here。(副词作为表语)They are at home now .(介词短语是表语)My job is to teach them English .(不定式用作表

3、语)，4。对象，事物与动作、行为的对象、事物动词一起说明主语做什么，谓语之后做什么。She is playing the piano now .(名词以对象为对象)He often helps me。(代词作宾语)He likes to sleep in the open air。(不定式)We enjoy living in China。(名词用作对象)，用于修饰动词、形容词或副词的五个副词。一般来说，表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方法、程度等意思的副词一般放在句子的末尾，但是一部分可以放在句子的第一部分和文章之间。He did it carefully(副词)Without his he

4、lp，we couldnt work it out .(in order)to catch up with my class mates，I must study hard .(不确定目的副词)，6属性，属性用于修改名词或代词。任何有名词和代词的地方都可能有属性。The black bike is mine。主语部分(形容词是属性)What is your name？表语(代词是属性)They made paper flowers。物件(名词是属性)the boys in the room are in class three grade one .(介词短语是属性)I have someth

5、ing to do .(不定式是属性)，2 .简单句的基本文章简介：1。文章模式1:主要谓词结构(谓语动词是不可动词VI .)，动词分和物动词及自动动词：谓语动词可以表达完整的意思，自动动词是自动动词无动词： sleep睡眠walk walk swim游泳快乐(happen)起床工作。劳氏笑声：1。wecome . 2 . the sun rises . 3 . he runs in the park。一些自动动词加上介词，被认为是物动词，然后可以添加对象。You must listen to me。2 .基本文章模式2:学科(主表)，这个文章句子的共同特征是：文章谓语动词不能表达完整的意思，

6、表示句子身份或状态的谓语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这种动词叫做联系动词。范例：1。this is an English-Chinese dictionary . 2 . the dinner smells good . 3 . he is growing tall and strong。系动词主要起到连接主语和表语的作用。可以分为四类：1 .表“是”示例：be“是”(am、is、are、was、were) 2。表“感觉”示例：look感觉像feel，听起来像sound，smell闻到了，seem是3 .像表格变更一样：get、turn变更、grow变更、go变成come、Become变

7、成4 .成为表“裴珉姬”:keep裴珉姬、stay裴珉姬，通常使用连接动词：更改：become、come、fall、get、go、grow、run、turn天气，外貌慢慢变红；流水，钱慢慢跑；颜色，天气差别很大。Get/become口语，如果你想说的话。保持某种状态：keep、lie、remain、stand、stay。就像：appear，look，seem。官能动词：feel、smell、sound、taste。警告：There be结构：There be。这里的“there”没有实际意义，与副词“there那里”混淆在一起是渡边杏的。这个结构后面有表示“(存在)”的名词。比较：There

8、is a boy there。(那里有男孩。前面的there没有实际意义，后面的there作为副词3。基本文章3: t(本和四物宾)，这个文章句子的共同特征如下。谓语动词都有实意，都是主语创造的动作，但不能表达完整的意思。只有和一个对象，即动作的继承者在一起，才能完整地表达意思。这种动词叫合动词。5范例：1。Who knows the answer？2.He admits that he was mistaken，4 .基本文章模式4: t IO DO(主和物之间的直接宾)，部分和物动词可能有两个对象，这两个宾语通常表示一个(间接宾语)。一个手指(直接宾语)。eg:give/pass/brin

9、g/show give me a cup of teaple ase。/passour English teacher the book。/bring it to me，Please。/show this house to Mr . Smith . 1 . she ordered herself a new dress . 2 . he brought you a dictionary .答：动词后加上to give，发送send给show，拍电报，bring把read read pass交给lend，leave交给hand，tell给return写了信throw，promise答应refus

10、e拒绝b。动词后放for make，make购买do是get播放命令sing歌，5 .基本文章5: t(主及物宾补充)，这个文章句子的共同特征是动词及物动词，但一个对象还不能表达完整的意思，只有添加补充成分，意思才能完整。宾语补足：宾语后说明对象的成分。可用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、不定式、名词、分词、介词短语等。The war made him a soldier。(名词)New methods make the job easy。(形容词)I often find him at work。(介词短语)the teacher asks the students to close the

11、win Dows。(不定式)I saw a cat running across the road。(当前分词)our teacher found the windows closed。(过去分词)。We called the boy Jim，文章结构分析练习问题1。选择以下句子的基本文章模式：a、I b、t c、D、t I D e、T 1。pleas tell us a story。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2。she smiled。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3。I have a lot work to do ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

12、4。his job is to train swimmers。_ _ _ _ _ _ 5。he notiiced a ma N enter the room。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _1.Who cares？2.everything looks different . 3 . his faceturned red . 4 . he enjoys reading . 5 . he said good morning . 6 . she looked after the oldman . 7 . our teate9.I told him that the bus was late . 10 . he showred me how to run the machine . 11 . they painted the doorg reen . 12 . they found the door closed . 13 . he aahe，3 .划分文章组件1。you