What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Cannot(肢体语言).ppt

1、a,1,Lesson Five TEXT What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Cannot Interview with David Givens, Anthropologist By David Givens,a,2,Title analysis,head,NP,postmodifier,nominal clause,that words cannot (tell you),What body language can tell you,restrictive relative clause,BL,W,Nonverbal language,V

2、erbal language,a,3,Message,Speaker 1,Verbal language,Communication,Non-verbal language,Verbal I want hard cash. I dont want verbal praise; I want money.,a,22,Pigeon-toe (toe in),a,23,expansive gestures,Expansive gestures: outstretching gestures (suggesting boldness, openness, and unconstrainedness)

3、(Ant.) Shrinking gestures,a,24,2.3 Some other universal nonverbal signals (Q/A 5),Q. What are some other universal nonverbal signals? A. One is an automatic raising of the eyebrows that a person does when he or she meets someone else. It takes place very quickly at the instant when recognition takes

4、 place, and it is a natural and universal form of greeting. Another obvious cue is known as the hand behind head, which signals uncertainty or stress. When someone is disturbed or startled by something, the first reaction is to reach up and touch the back of the head. It is a totally unconscious ref

5、lex. About 125 nonverbal signals of this type have been cataloged as recognizable.,a,25,3. The nature of nonverbal language (Q/A 6),Q. Where do we get mannerisms such as these? Are they learned as a part of our culture? A. No, they are almost entirely inborn. Nonverbal behavior occurs naturally, wit

6、hout being taught, and even shows up in newborn infants and in lower animals. It is firmly grounded in evolutionary development. Its something that Mother Nature provides to help us get along with each other. Nonverbal communication is also what we call culture-free: it applies worldwide. People can

7、 go anywhere and understand these signals, even if they dont know the spoken language.,a,26,a,27,a,28,“In” is used to denote a particular characteristic or quality someone possesses: You can feel helpfulness even in these small children. I hate the hypocrisy in him. There was a certain dryness in he

8、r voice.,in lower animals,a,29,-free: independent from; without e.g., culture-free (vs. culture-bound) sugar-free care-free tuition-free bias-free,-free,a,30,4. Nonverbal language of courtship (Q/A 7),Q. Is courtship one of the situations that is strongly influenced by nonverbal skills? A. Yes. In f

9、act, early courtship is almost entirely made up of nonverbal actions. Men and women unconsciously shrug their shoulders when they find each other attractive. It is an I give up signal, almost a childlike gesture that shows they are harmless. Early courtship is filled with shy, juvenile, awkward beha

10、vior between the man and the woman. A woman attracted to a man will tilt her head down and to the side, then look in his direction in a coy or coquettish way. A man at a party or at a bar will stake out his territory by putting cigarettes or cash in front of him, to show females his status relative

11、to other men.,a,31,to stake a claim on/to/for/over sth to stake sth out,to publicly claim ownership of sth (by erecting a stake),a,32,4.1 Refusal to courtship (Q/A 8),Q. What if a woman decides that she isnt interested in a mans overtures? A. The simplest gesture is simply to turn her body away from

12、 him. Its the cold shoulder, one of the most recognizable gestures in the entire animal kingdom. It is really one of the kindest yet most effective ways to dampen someones ardor. And men can use it, too.,Women could be moody and elusive.,a,33,overture,Overtures: (usu. plural) gestures intended to el

13、icit a favorable response; introductory/preliminary proposal or offer 示好、提议、提案 She spurned the overtures of marriage made by a man she despised. The government is making peace overtures. He made overtures to his father for reconciliation.,a,34,The cold shoulder,Cold shoulder: cool reception Give sb

14、the cold shoulder or turn a cold shoulder to sb: treat sb in a cold, indifferent manner, especially by refusing to speak to or meet him I didnt expect to be greeted by such a cold shoulder. I got the cold shoulder at the office today. As soon as it became clear that he was likely to topple from his

15、position as committee chairman, his so-called friends started giving him the cold shoulder.,a,35,The animal kingdom,The natural world,The animal kingdom,The plant kingdom,The mineral kingdom,a,36,Dampen ones ardor,Dampen ones ardor: depress /subdue ones (love) passion Cf. throw cold water on sbs bur

16、ning enthusiasm (for love),a,37,5. Touch (Q/A 9),Q. Would you include touching in the vocabulary of nonverbal communication? A. Yes. And it should be used very carefully. Skin is our oldest sense organ, and when it is touched by someone it carries a strong emotional impact. It is a very sexually loa

17、ded form of communication. In a business or social setting, a casual touch can be almost electric, even in a professional relationship. When someone is touched, he or she immediately stops for an instant and wonders, What did that mean? In such settings, hands off is the best policy because even a w

18、ell-intentioned touch can be badly misconstrued.,a,38,ly loaded: ly filled, ly laden sexually loaded: filled/laden with sexual information/meaning emotionally loaded: filled/laden with emotion derogatorily loaded: filled/laden with derogatory implication laudatorily loaded: filled/laden with laudato

19、ry implication casual: offhand, haphazard (不经意的) electric: thrilling, provocative, causing strong emotional excitement,a,39,Presentation,Nonverbal language of shyness,a,40,Debate,Speaking dialects vs. Speaking Putonghua,a,41,President Barack Obama Speaks at Hankuk University ,a,42,President Obamas n

20、ational address to Americas school children,a,43,A Function of nonverbal communication,Concealing: hiding Do we Chinese, more often than not, exploit nonverbal as well as verbal communication for hiding our true selves?,a,44,Presentation 1,Gender/sex differences in communication (交际的性别差异),a,45,Trans

21、lation (p. 86),1. They made an experiment to adapt this variety of shrimp to fresh water. 2. Sawdust can be compressed into boards. 3. In what/which direction does the river flow? 4. What if you go instead of me? 5. I was just about to touch the machine, while the man called out “Hands off!”,a,46,Tr

22、anslation (p. 86),6. Thoughts are expressed by means of words. 7. By contrast, James is much more frank and out-spoken/more straightforward. 8. The teacher blamed/reproached/criticized the boy in the presence of the (whole) class. 9. What if we invite your mother next week? 10. The fisherman saved h

23、imself by means of a floating log.,a,47,Translation (p. 87),1. The pilot told /informed the passengers to fasten their seat belts for they/the plane would soon be approaching the runway. 2. Lets approach the chief engineer and see what he thinks. /Lets approach the chief engineer for his point of vi

24、ew. 3. In his book he approaches the issue from a totally different point of view. 4. We can paint/draw an arrow here to indicate the right path. 5. A sneeze doesnt always /necessarily indicate a cold. 6. There are clear indications that the war will soon be over.,a,48,Translation (p. 87),7. Jane do

25、minated (throughout) the conversation. 8. The dominant influence in/on her life came from her father. / It was her father who exercised the dominant influence on her life. 9. The island was under the domination of Britain/under British domination. 10. They immediately recognized her voice. 11. He is

26、 internationally recognized as an authority in this field/on this subject. 12. He won public recognition of/for his services to science. / His contributions to science have won him public recognition.,a,49,IV. Grammar A (p. 88),1. has just returned. ; will ask 2. did not sing.; had had to go would not sing; had to go 3. are always changing; dont you le