walt whitman惠特曼及作品简介.ppt

1、A,1,Walt Whitman,(1819-1892),A,2,Leaves of Grass,Whitman was one of the most original and inspiring American poets, true to his heart and to his role as a poet. 草叶集得名于集中的一句诗:“哪里有土,哪里有水,哪里就长着草。”,A,3,Leaves of Grass,Leaves of Grass was created by Walt Whitman in the form of free verse. Leaves of Grass

2、 ran 9 editions with more than 400 poems all written in free verse form. 在诗歌形式上有大胆的创新,创造了 “自由体”的诗歌形式, 打破了传统的诗歌格律.,A,4,Free Verse,Free verse (自由体)- poetry without a fixed beat or regular rhyme scheme. The lines do not follow any set form. Some lines are short. Some are long. The words at the end of e

3、ach line do not have a similar sound. They do not rhyme.,A,5,Leaves of Grass,Whitman writes about grass as a sign of everlasting life. The title implies rebirth, renewal, or green life. As Whitman once said, Leaves of Grass is “ the outcropping of my own emotional and other personal nature-an attemp

4、t, from first to last, to put a Person, a human being freely, fully and truely on record.” -Walt Whitman Therefore, he threw aside the traditional ornaments and prettiness of verse and created his own form.,A,6,Appreciation Ones Self I sing,歌唱自己,A,7,Ones Self I Sing,This small (nine-line) poem is re

5、ally a preface to all the others in Leaves of Grass.,A,8,Ones Self I Sing” ONES-SELF I singa simple, separate Person; Yet utter the word Democratic, the word En-masse. Of Physiology from top to toe I sing; Not physiognomy alone, nor brain alone, is worthy for the museI say the Form complete is worth

6、ier far; The Female equally with the male I sing. Of Life immense in passion, pulse, and power, Cheerfulfor freest action formd, under the laws divine, The Modern Man I sing.,The technique in this poem: Alliteration and parallelism.,A,9,Ones -self I sing, a simple separate person, (我歌唱我自己，一个个善良的人类个体

7、，) Yet utter the word Democratic, the word En-Masse. (但说着平等、全体的话语。) Of physiology from top to toe I sing, (我歌唱从头到脚的生理学科，) Not physiognomy alone nor brain alone is worthy for the Muse,(不仅仅外貌、头脑、灵感值得我歌唱，) I say the Form complete is worthier far, （我说整个形体都非常值得我歌咏，） The Female equally with the Male I sin

8、g. (我歌唱女人以及男人。) Of Life immense in passion, pulse, and power, (我歌唱生命中那无限的激情，意向，力量，) Cheerful ,for freest action formd under the laws divine,（歌唱那愉悦地，极度符合神意法则的行为，） The Modern Man I sing.(我歌唱现代的人类。),A,10,Free verse,“自我”平等主义的,A,12,1. What is the significance of singing about ones self? It is an exaltati

9、on of the individual spirit, which is typical of American people. 2. What is the difference between physiology and physiognomy? Physiology is a science that deals with the functions and life process of human beings, whereas physiognomy refers to an art of judging character from contours of face itse

10、lf or the appearance of a person. (kntr 外形，轮廓) 3. What does Whitman mean by the term of the Modern Man? He means that a man should be free from any prejudice and pride, totally different from the traditional one, that is full of bias.,A,13,Whitman,Whitman Rise up-for you the flag is flung-for you th

11、e bugle trills, For you bouquets and ribbond wreaths-for you the shores a crowding, For you they call, the swaying mass, their eager faces turning; Here Captain! dear father! This arm beneath your head! It is some dream that on the deck Youve fallen cold and dead.,A,18,啊，船长！我的船长！,啊，船长！我的船长！起来听那钟声荡漾；

12、 起来，旌旗为你招展，号角为你激昂， 花团锦簇，彩带飘飞，为你，岸边人群熙熙嚷攘； 人们把你呼唤，万头攒动，他们晃动急切的面庞； 在这里，船长，慈爱的父亲！ 你的头下枕着我的臂膀！ 那是甲板上的梦境， 你已辞世，全身冰凉。,A,19,O Captain! My Captain!,My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still; My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will; The ship is anchored safe and sound, its voya

13、ge closed and done; From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won; Exult, O shores, and ring O bells! But I, with mournful tread, Walk the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead.,A,20,啊，船长！我的船长,我的船长没有回答，双唇苍白，沉默、安详， 我的父亲无法觉察我的手臂，他的脉搏停止了跳荡； 可怕的征途已过，胜利归来， 大船安全停靠，就此结束远航； 啊，海岸欢呼，啊，钟声敲响！

14、然而，我的步履沉重悲伤， 在甲板上踱步，那里躺着我的船长， 他已辞世，全身冰凉。,A,21,Appreciation,“O Captain! My Captain!” is written in 1865 by Walt Whitman, concerning the death of American president Abraham Lincoln. The short and brief apostrophe is used as title here, endowed with ardor and mightiness. (呼语,饱含激情,劲见有力.),A,22,Appreciati

15、on,It is unusual for Whitman to write with a conventional meter and rhyme scheme. The poem was written in three stanzas, 8 lines each, the former are long while the latter are short, rhyming aabbcded. (全诗共三节，每节八行，前长后短, 每节均为aabbcded.),A,23,Analysis,Repeated metaphorical reference is made to this issu

16、e throughout the verse. “Captain” refers to President Lincoln, and “ship” refers to America, while its “fearful trip” recalls the troubles of the American Civil War.,A,24,Rhetoric or figures of speech,Repetition Parallelism Metaphor Synecdoche Alliteration Apostrophe,A,25,The repetitions,1.Where on

17、the deck my Captain lies, Fallen cold and dead. 2. The ship is anchord safe and sound, its voyage closed and done, From fearful trip the victor ship comes in with object won; Exult O shores, and ring O bells!,A,26,O Captain! My Captain!-contrast description,1节：船将到港口，船长倒下 2节：呼唤船长，希望他睁眼，看看人民欢庆胜利的盛况 3节：揭示客观现实-船长已死，听不到我的话 一边是胜利的欢呼，一边是英雄的倒下，这样写的作用？ 运用对比突出了英雄伟业。也突出了伟大人物的牺牲价值，增添了悲剧色彩，有强烈的感染力。,A,27,1. Why is the word Captain capitalized throughout the poem? In this poem the word “Captain” specially refers to Abraham Lincoln, president of the United States. 2. What overall