动词不定式.上课用(课堂PPT)

1、1,Grammar ：The Infinitive 动词不定式,B 7，Unit 1 Living well,2,Marty says,2. I used to climb trees, swim and play football.,3. Then I started to get weaker and weaker.,Have A L k,Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.,

2、3,4. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds.,5. Sometimes, too, I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered.,6. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer software when I grow up.,Marty says,4,Marty says,7.

3、 Last year I inventedand a big company has decided to buy it from me.,8. I also have to do a lot of work, especially if I have been away for a while.,9. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do.,5,动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式。由“to+动词原形”构成, 其否定形式是“n

4、ot/never to do”,不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语,没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。不定式可以作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。,动词不定式,结构 : to do (否定) not/never to do,二. 时态与语态,不定式,to do,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been done,to have been doing,-,-,(1).They pretended not to see us.,(2). He pretended to be sleeping.,(3).She pre

5、tended to have known it before.,(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在 它之后.),(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行),(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前),(4).Were happy to have been working with you.,(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的 动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续),1. 作主语,2. 作表语,4. 作宾语补足语,3. 作宾语,5. 作定语,6. 作状语,7. 作插入语,三、用法,To see is to believe. Its important to learn English

6、 well .,1. 主语,单个不定式作主语时,谓语动词用单数 若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后.,My job to help the patient. Your task to clean the classroom.,2. 表语,I want to go home. The workers demanded to get better pay. I found it necessary to talk to him again.,3 宾语,think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do,11,常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有： want, agre

7、e, afford, attempt, choose, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, fail, expect, get,hate, hesitate, hope, intend, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wish。,12,The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.,引导不定式作宾补的动词：,warn, tell,

8、allow, help, ask, force等,+sb to do sth,4. 宾补,五看,watch,see,look at,observe,notice,(1.)使役动词：三使,let,make,have,二听,listen to,hear,一感觉:,feel,(2.)感官动词,e.g. I made him do his work.,He was made to do his work (by me).,注意,(2.) help 后面的“to”可省去,e.g. They often help the grandma (to) carry water.,(1.)在使役动词 let, m

9、ake, have和感官动词feel; hear, listen to; watch,see, notice, look at,observe等 后面,不定式作宾语补足语时要省“to” （注:被动 语态不能省to）,(3) 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的任何一种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.,She could do nothing but cry. You have no choice but to go. What do you like to do besides sleep?,I have somethin

10、g to say. He has a lot of homework to do . He is looking for a room to live in . There is nothing to worry about.,5. 定语,(如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词, 则不定式中要有介词.),请给我一支写字的笔.,Please give me a pen to write with.,17,He spoke loudly (so as / in order) to be heard.,(1.) 表示目的: to in order to so as to,6 作状语,He got up e

11、arly to catch the train.,I came here to see you.,18,(2.) 表示原因: 不定式可以用在作表语的形容词后作状语, sorry, surprised, happy, glad, eager, angry, right, wrong, rude, cruel, disappointed等。,eg: Im glad / pleased to see you. We were surprised to hear the news.,19,so + adj. / adv. + as to do such + adj. + n. +as to do ad

12、j. / adv.+ enough + to do,He was so foolish as to believe it. = He was such a fool as to believe it. = He was foolish enough to believe it.,(3.) 结果状语:,注意:不定式往往表示与主观愿望相反的结果。,He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.,7.插入语,to be frank, to be honest, to begin with,To tell the truth, I

13、 dont agree with you.,类似的结构,疑问词 who,which, when, how, what等与不定式连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。,He didnt know what to say. (宾语) 他不知道说什么。 How to solve the problem is very important.(主语) 如何解决这个问题很重要。 My question is when to start. (表语) 我的问题是什么时候开始。,四、疑问词+不定式,注意：,(1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要 省略该动词.,A: Would you like

14、to go with me ? B: Id like to .,(2). 不定式是to be 结构, be 不可省.,A: Would you like to be a teacher? B: Id like to be.,exercise,My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health. giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up 2.The sentence wants _ once more. explained B. to explain C. being explai

15、ned D. explaining 3.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic. having been B. to have been C. to be D. being,B,D,C,4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay. to have woven B. to be woven C. to be weaving D. to weave 5. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned of

16、f the alarm. A. Having sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. To sleep 6.The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off,B,D,C,7.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? -The key _ the problem

17、is to meet the demand _ by the customers. to solving, making B. to solving, made C. to solve, making D. to solve, made 8. -What do you think of the school? -It is a very good _. school to study in B. school for children to study C. studying school D. school to study,B,A,27,二,Choose the correct form

18、of the verbs to complete the sentences.,At that time, women were expected _ at home, take care of their husbands and children, and behave like ladies.,damage, study, take, persuade, make, learn, stay, deal with, show, create,to stay,28,2. I think its really important _ friends with different kinds of people. 3. They were determined _ the opportunity to advance across the river. 4. Is it possible _ from the experiences of others? 5. I finally managed _ her to give up the idea of buying a diamond ring.,to