初中英语定语从句课件

1、定语从句,定语从句,概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子.,(Attributive clause),Mary is a beautiful girl.,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句,1.The man is a farmer.,2.The man is speaking at the meeting.,合并句子:,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个

2、句子,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,关系代词,which, who, whom, whose, that,先行词：是被定语从句所修饰的词 （通常是名词或代词） 关系词的作用： 1.引导定语从句 2.在从句中替代先行词，在定语从句中充当一定的成分，通常是主语或宾语，作宾语时常可以省略。,定语从句：,先行词+关系词(that/which/who)+从句,修饰,定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.,These are the trees w

3、hich were planted last year.,当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.,有时可代替whom作宾语,who, whom, whose, that用法区别.,who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主语,Whom 作定语从句的宾语,The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teache

4、r.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作宾语,whose 作定语从句的定语.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定语,that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略.,The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher.,下列情况只能用that,1.当序数词或形容词

5、最高级修饰先行词时。,eg. Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.,2. 当先行词是指物的 little,few,much,any,all,anything,something,nothing,none,the one, everything, 等不定代词时。,that与which的区别,I am sure she has something that you can borrow.,1.先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,E.

6、g:This is the very book that belongs to him.,4. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。,5. 先行词为人和物的组合。,E.g:They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school.,E.g: Which of the books that you borrowed from the library is the most interesting?,6. 若主句中有疑问代词who或者whi

7、ch, 为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用who, which，而用that。,I love the school _ I have studied in for three years. （2013湖南衡阳） A. where B. when C. that 【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是the school，关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语，只能选关系词that，即C。,考点例析, What are you looking for? Im looking for the ring _ my husband bought me last year. (2012山东滨州) A. t

8、hat B. who C. whom D. it 【解析】本题考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词the ring指物，观察选项只有A是引导物的关系词，故选A。,考点例析, What shall we do next? Take the advice _ is given by Dr. Bloch. (2012福建泉州) A. who B. which C. whose 【解析】由先行词the advice可知，应用引导物的关系词，选项B符合。,考点例析,Please pass me the cartoon book _has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. (2012天

9、津) A. whom B. whose C. who D. which 【解析】考查which引导的定语从句。分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句，先行词为cartoon book，指物，所以应该用关系词which。,考点例析,Its interesting that there are many people _ speak French in Canada. (2012四川成都) A. which B. where C. who 【解析】由先行词people可知，此题考查who引导的定语从句。句意为：“在加拿大有许多人说法语，真是有趣。”,考点例析, Now many people smoke

10、and get ill. So we should do something _ can help stop smoking. (2012广西玉林) A. what B. who C. / D. that 【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词是something，根据规则，见到这类不定代词应用that，故选D。,考点例析,考点例析,Ive found some pictures of the most interesting places _ you can visit during the winter holidays. (2009山东烟台) A. where B. which C.

11、what D. that 【解析】考查引导定语从句的关系词。先行词places在从句中作visit的宾语，且前有最高级修饰，故用关系代词that。,单项选择。 1. - Do you know the girl _ is standing there? - She is my little sister. A. who B. whom C. whose D. which 2. - Could you tell me something about Zheng He? - Sure. He was a Ming Dynasty explorer _ the Chinese people are

12、proud of. A. which B. whose C. whom D. where,3. This is the city _ I visited 10 years ago. A. where B. / C. who D. why 4. Shaolin Temple _ lies in the west of Zhengzhou welcomes the visitors both at home and abroad. A. where B. which C. who D. what 5. - What kind of music do you like？ - I like music

13、 _ I can sing along with. A. who B. that C. what D. why,6. Im a sports fan. Im interested in everything _ is about sports. A. that B. there C. which D. where 7. We are talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that,8. I hate peop

14、le _ are only nice to you when they want something! A. who B. which C. whose D. whom 9. Dont forget to bring the book _ you bought last week. A. who B. when C. which D. what 10. Is the girl _ you talked with just now new here? A. how B. who C. whose D. which,Exercise,1. I have a friend _ likes liste

15、ning to classical music.,who/that,which/that,whose,3. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.,2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her.,11. The stories _ were written by Mark Twain are often humorous. (2015广州) A. that B. those C. who D. what 12. We dont like peo

16、ple _ talk too much but never do anything. (2015克拉玛依) A. whose B. who C. when D. which,4. My parents live in a house_ is more than 100 years old.,5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.,which/that,whom,6. Kevin is reading a book _ is too difficult for him.,which/that,7. Is there anything _ you w

17、ant to buy in the town.,8.All _ we can do is to study hard.,9. The first one _ stands up is a little boy.,that,that,that,修饰人时关系代词that 和who, whom的区分。 当主句中的主语是who时，只能用that。 eg. Who is the girl that is standing over there? 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who 或者whom。 eg. I have a son, who is really lovely and inter

18、esting. There are 40 students in the class, most of whom are boys. 关系代词whose既能修饰人，也能修饰物，在定语从句中充当定语，修饰先行词。 eg. She is the girl whose English sounds very beautiful. Mary has a very good dog, whose hair turns out white and black.,关系副词when, where, why的用法以及与关系代词的区分。 关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语，当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时，我们

19、就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词。 eg. I wont forget the time when I got married. Have you still remember the days when we stayed together? This is the place where we had a good time. Is this the house where Mr Smith lives? I dont know the reason why he wont join us. Do you know the reason why he didnt come to swee

20、p the classroom?,关系副词when, where和关系代词that, which的区分。同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when， 有时使用that/which。这主要看两点：一是定语从句是否完整；二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子： This is the park that we visited last year. This is the park where we held a birthday party. She wont forget the days that she sp

21、ent on the island. She wont forget the days when they stayed together. Thats the date when we went to the college. Thats the date that she wont forget for ever. I like the time when we lived together. I like the time that we had together.,关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。如：when=in/on/at+which, where=in/on/at+which, why=for+which介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。 eg. 1. I wont forget the date when( on which) I was born. 2. This is the room where (in whi