第5讲 color terms.ppt

1、Translation of Colours, ZENG Wen-hua,2,Contents,1. A Comparative Study on Color Terms 2. Translation Studies 3. Practice,十二色相环 原色（primary hues） 二次色（secondary hues） 三次色（tertiary hues） 三原色tricolor是红、黄、蓝 ; 二次色是橙、紫、绿 ; 红橙、黄橙、黄绿、蓝绿、蓝紫和红紫六色为三次色, ZENG Wen-hua,3,1. A Comparative Study on Color Terms,基本颜色词 颜

2、色词的构词与功能 颜色词的语义, ZENG Wen-hua,4,Basic Color Words,English （11）： white, black, red, green, yellow, blue, brown, purple, pink, orange and gray by美国民族学家柏林(Brent Berlin)和语言学家凯伊(Paul Kay) 发表了基本色彩词语:普遍性与进化论研究（1969) Chinese （10）： 白、黑、红、绿、黄、蓝、紫、灰、橙、褐, ZENG Wen-hua,5, ZENG Wen-hua,6,Formation embrown redden;

3、 blacken grayish 前+ Adding words of degree dark/deep 表深浓 light/pale 表淡浅 表淡浅 yellowish；greenish；bluish rich/vivid/bright 表明亮、鲜艳 dull, dirty, murky, darkling 表阴暗, ZENG Wen-hua,8,Adding words with affective meanings 前+ dazzling；staring; flashing, etc. 表示耀眼、夺目、艳俗等 前+ iridescent 表示闪亮的、色彩斑斓的， 色彩变幻的； 前+ pe

4、arlescent 表光芒四射的, 珍珠般的 英国人常用iridescent green描写孔雀的羽色 也可用iridescent blue 描写海面的颜色 They walked to the lake where there were two pairs of ducks, mallards （wild duck 绿头鸭） with feathers as if painted in iridescent green., ZENG Wen-hua,9,Discribing the Mixture of Colors Color + Color yellow green (黄绿色，绿中带黄)

5、 blue green (蓝绿色，绿中带蓝) grey green (灰绿色，绿中带灰) purple green (紫绿色，绿中带紫) yellowish green, bluish green Object + Color (using simile) violet green (紫绿色) orange green (桔绿色)gold (en) green (金绿色)silvery green (银绿色，绿中带灰), ZENG Wen-hua,10,颜色词-and-颜色词 a yellow-and-black leopard 一只黄底黑斑的花豹 花豹 spotted leopard；a y

6、ellow leopard with black spots a red-and-black grid cap 一顶红黑方格帽子 a red-and-white striped blouse 一件红条纹白底衬衣 他穿着一身浅灰色底子蓝色条子的西装，打着一条玫瑰红的领带。 (周而复上海的早晨) He was dressed in a pale gray western suit with blue stripes and a rosecoloured tie., ZENG Wen-hua,11,汉语颜色词的构词 表程度或性状的形容词+颜色词 深红、鲜红、纯白、洁白、 嫩绿（viridescenc

7、e）、淡蓝 颜色词+颜色词 紫红（mauve）、粉红、绯红(crimson)、 绛紫、乌黑（jet black）、朱红 （Vermilion） 表事物的名词+颜色词枣红、桔红、火红、银白、雪白、乳白、漆黑、油黑、炭黑、湖蓝、米黄、鹅黄、蜡黄, ZENG Wen-hua,12,汉语颜色词的构词 颜色词+词素“色” 紫色、粉色、绿色 表事物的名词+词素“色” 肉色、金色、土黄色 柠檬黄、葡萄紫、茄子紫、鱼肚白、孔雀绿 红彤彤、白茫茫、绿油油、金灿灿、黄澄澄、灰蒙蒙 “白不呲咧”、“红不棱登”、“黑不溜秋”、“灰不溜丢”, ZENG Wen-hua,13,Phrases with color ter

8、ms,to paint the town red yellow blight blue ribbon 亮黄牌 红杏出墙 他俩争得脸红脖子粗。,狂欢、痛饮 一种致植物及树木于死地的疾病 象征着最高的荣誉，因为英王常用来赐给那些成绩卓越的臣民带有blue ribbon礼物 to show yellow card to an apricot flower coming out of the wall；a woman who has been unfaithful to her husband Quarrelling with each other, both of them saw red., ZE

9、NG Wen-hua,14,Phrases with color terms,An ape is an ape, a varlet is a varlet, though they be clad in scarlet. give sb. a black eye give sb. a pink slip a white faced man 白发三千丈，缘愁似个长?不知明镜里，何处得秋霜?,一个坏人，尽管穿上了紫袍(地位显赫了)，也还是改变不了他的劣根性。 把某人眼睛打青使丧失信誉; 使丢脸 解雇；开除 to give a notice of termination of employment.

10、 不健康的人 Gray hair, ZENG Wen-hua,15,Phrases with color terms,brown paper to marry into the purple Joe is a yellow-bellied guy, dont send him such a tough assignment! white-collar workers blue-collar workers gray-collar workers pink-collar workers 白开水,牛皮纸 与皇室或贵族联姻 乔是个胆小鬼，不要给他如此艰难的工作。 白领阶层(指受过专门教育或技术训练的

11、脑力劳动者) 蓝领阶层(普通体力劳动者) 灰领阶层(服务行业的职工) 粉领阶层(指职业妇女群体), ZENG Wen-hua,16,Translation of Color Terms,因嫌帽纱小， 致使锁枷扛， 昨怜破袄寒， 今嫌紫莽长。(红楼梦 好了歌) Hawkes把这首诗词译作: The judge whose hat is too small for his head, Wears in the end, a convicts cangue instead, Who shivering once in rags bemoaned his fate, Today finds fault

12、 with scarlet robes of state., ZENG Wen-hua,17,Examples,But they did not know how silvery golden her hair was, nor how golden silver her skin; they did not know her enchanting smile. (毛姆狂欢) silvery golden是金黄色中带银白色golden silver是银白色中带金黄色 西南天上起了乌云，密雨下黑了天地(周立波暴风骤雨) Suddenly inky clouds gathered in the s

13、outhwestern sky and dissolved into a downpour，blackening heaven and earth., ZENG Wen-hua,18,我们的船向前走，两岸的青山在黄昏中，都装成深黛颜色，连着退向船后梢去。 (鲁迅故乡) As we set off, the green mountains on the two banks became deep blue in the dusk, receding toward the stern of the boat. 道旁屯落里，做早饭的淡灰色的紫烟，正从土黄屋顶上高高飘起。 (周立波上海的早晨) Gre

14、yish wisps of kitchen smoke were curling up from the yellowish earthen house-tops in the villages beside the highway., a tall young woman, well-shaped and rather full-bodied, came on the boat from the bank, leading a child of about six. She had very small feet, neatly bound, but she stood quite erec

15、t. She wore a violet dress, broad-trimmed in green, and no skirts, but only green trousers, trimmed with broad, horizontal bands of a continuous swastika（万字饰） design in black. Beneath the trousers showed a pair of red bow shoes, three and a half inches long, beautifully embroidered and topped by ank

16、le bands of white cloth. (P52, Moment in Peking) 这个少妇脚很小，裹得整整齐齐的，但是站得笔直，穿着紫褂子，镶着绿宽边，没穿裙子，只穿着绿裤子，上面有由黑A字连成的横宽条儿。裤子下面露出的是红色弓鞋，有三寸长，花儿绣得很美，鞋上端缚的是白腿带儿。 （Trans. by 张振玉）, ZENG Wen-hua,20,practice,她穿着蜜褐色的棉袄，玫瑰紫二色金眼线的坎肩儿，葱黄绫子棉裙、一色儿半新不旧的。（薛宝钗的衣着） She was wearing a light brown cotton-wadded coat, a rose purpl

17、e waistcoat trimmed with gold and silver laces, and a yellowish green satin skirtall were half new and half old., ZENG Wen-hua,21,Practice: 鲁迅故乡选段 这时候，我的脑里忽然闪出一幅神异的图画来：深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月，下面是海边的沙地，都种着一望无际的碧绿的西瓜，其间有一个十一二岁的少年，项带银圈，手捏一柄钢叉，向一匹猹尽力的刺去，那猹却将身一扭，反从他的胯下逃走了。, ZENG Wen-hua,22,Reference,At this moment, a miraculous picture popped up in my mind: A golden full moon was hanging in the dark blue sky, beneath which lay an endless stretch o