OSPF故障处理#专业相关

1、OSPF故障处理,前 言,本课程介绍OSPF常见故障处理。 通过处理OSPF的常见故障，可以加深对OSPF协议原理的理解。,Page1,培训目标,学完本课程后，您应该能： 掌握常用OSPF故障处理工具的使用 掌握常见OSPF故障的处理方法,Page2,目 录,OSPF邻居关系故障 OSPF区域间路由故障,Page3,检查邻居关系故障的思路,使用“display ospf error”查看错误，定位错误,使用“display current-configuration”命令查看相关配置,修正配置错误,Page4,故障描述缺少区域内路由,Loopback0,/32,RTA,RTB,L

2、oopback0,/32,E0/0,E0/0,/30,/30,Area 1,RTBdisplay ip routing-table Routing Table: public net Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface /32 DIRECT 0 0 InLoopBack0 /24 DIRECT 0 0 Ethernet0/0 /32 DIRECT 0 0 InLoopBack0

3、 /8 DIRECT 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 DIRECT 0 0 InLoopBack0,Page5,查看OSPF错误信息Router ID冲突,RTBdisplay ospf error OSPF Process 1 with Router ID OSPF error statistics: General packet errors: 0 : IP: received my own packet 0 : Bad packet 0 : Bad version 0 : Bad chec

4、ksum 0 : Bad area id 0 : Drop on unnumbered interface 0 : Bad virtual link 0 : Bad authentication type 0 : Bad authentication key 0 : Packet too small 0 : Packet size ip length 0 : Transmit error 0 : Interface down 0 : Unknown neighbor HELLO packet errors: 0 : Netmask mismatch 0 : Hello timer mismat

5、ch 0 : Dead timer mismatch 0 : Extern option mismatch 24 : Router id confusion 0 : Virtual neighbor unknown 0 : NBMA neighbor unknown DD packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Router id confusion 0 : Extern option mismatch 0 : Unknown LSA type 0 : MTU option mismatch LS ACK packet errors: 0 : Nei

6、ghbor state low 0 : Bad ack - More ( Press Q to break ) -,Page6,查看OSPF相关配置,RTBdisplay current-configuration # sysname RTB # FTP server enable # l2tp domain suffix-separator # router id # radius scheme system,RTAdisplay current-configuration # sysname RTA # FTP server enable # l2tp domain suf

7、fix-separator # router id # radius scheme system,Page7,查看OSPF错误信息Area ID不匹配,RTBdisplay ospf error OSPF Process 1 with Router ID OSPF error statistics: General packet errors: 0 : IP: received my own packet 0 : Bad packet 0 : Bad version 0 : Bad checksum 10 : Bad area id 0 : Drop on un

8、numbered interface 0 : Bad virtual link 0 : Bad authentication type 0 : Bad authentication key 0 : Packet too small 0 : Packet size ip length 0 : Transmit error 0 : Interface down 0 : Unknown neighbor HELLO packet errors: 0 : Netmask mismatch 0 : Hello timer mismatch 0 : Dead timer mismatch 0 : Exte

9、rn option mismatch 0 : Router id confusion 0 : Virtual neighbor unknown 0 : NBMA neighbor unknown DD packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Router id confusion 0 : Extern option mismatch 0 : Unknown LSA type 0 : MTU option mismatch LS ACK packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Bad ack - More (

10、 Press Q to break ) -,Page8,查看OSPF相关配置,RTAdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network network # return,RTBdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network network # retu

11、rn,Page9,查看OSPF错误信息网络掩码不一致,RTBdisplay ospf error OSPF Process 1 with Router ID OSPF error statistics General packet errors: 0 : IP: received my own packet 0 : Bad packet 0 : Bad version 0 : Bad checksum 0 : Bad area id 0 : Drop on unnumbered interface 0 : Bad virtual link 0 : Bad authenticat

12、ion type 0 : Bad authentication key 0 : Packet too small 0 : Packet size ip length 0 : Transmit error 0 : Interface down 0 : Unknown neighbor HELLO packet errors: 10 : Netmask mismatch 0 : Hello timer mismatch 0 : Dead timer mismatch 0 : Extern option mismatch 0 : Router id confusion 0 : Virtual nei

13、ghbor unknown 0 : NBMA neighbor unknown DD packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Router id confusion 0 : Extern option mismatch 0 : Unknown LSA type 0 : MTU option mismatch LS ACK packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Bad ack - More ( Press Q to break ) -,Page10,查看OSPF相关配置,RTBdisplay current

14、-configuration # interface Ethernet0/0 ip address # ospf 1 area network network 55 # return,RTAdisplay current-configuration # interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 52 # ospf 1 area network networ

15、k # return,Page11,查看OSPF错误信息验证类型不一致,RTBdisplay ospf error OSPF Process 1 with Router ID OSPF error statistics General packet errors: 0 : IP: received my own packet 0 : Bad packet 0 : Bad version 0 : Bad checksum 0 : Bad area id 0 : Drop on unnumbered interface 0 : Bad virtua

16、l link 2 : Bad authentication type 0 : Bad authentication key 0 : Packet too small 0 : Packet size ip length 0 : Transmit error 0 : Interface down 0 : Unknown neighbor HELLO packet errors: 0 : Netmask mismatch 0 : Hello timer mismatch 0 : Dead timer mismatch 0 : Extern option mismatch 0 : Router id

17、confusion 0 : Virtual neighbor unknown 0 : NBMA neighbor unknown DD packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Router id confusion 0 : Extern option mismatch 0 : Unknown LSA type 0 : MTU option mismatch LS ACK packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Bad ack - More ( Press Q to break ) -,Page12,查看OS

18、PF相关配置,RTAdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network network authentication-mode md5 1 plain huawei # return,RTBdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network network

19、 authentication-mode simple plain huawei # return,Page13,查看OSPF错误信息验证密码不一致,RTBdisplay ospf error OSPF Process 1 with Router ID OSPF error statistics General packet errors: 0 : IP: received my own packet 0 : Bad packet 0 : Bad version 0 : Bad checksum 0 : Bad area id 0 : Drop on unnumbered in

20、terface 0 : Bad virtual link 0 : Bad authentication type 2 : Bad authentication key 0 : Packet too small 0 : Packet size ip length 0 : Transmit error 0 : Interface down 0 : Unknown neighbor HELLO packet errors: 0 : Netmask mismatch 0 : Hello timer mismatch 0 : Dead timer mismatch 0 : Extern option m

21、ismatch 0 : Router id confusion 0 : Virtual neighbor unknown 0 : NBMA neighbor unknown DD packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Router id confusion 0 : Extern option mismatch 0 : Unknown LSA type 0 : MTU option mismatch LS ACK packet errors: 0 : Neighbor state low 0 : Bad ack - More ( Press Q to

22、 break ) -,Page14,查看OSPF相关配置,RTAdisplay current-configuration interface Ethernet 0/0 # interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 52 ospf authentication-mode simple plain huawei # return,RTBdisplay current-configuration interface Ethernet 0/0 # interface Ethernet0/0 ip address 2

23、52 ospf authentication-mode simple plain hello # return,Page15,故障描述NBMA网络无法学习路由,FR-SW,/24,/24,DLCI = 201,DLCI = 102,S1/0,S1/0,Area 1,Loopback0,/32,RTA,RTB,Loopback0,/32,RTAdisplay ip routing-table Routing Table: public net Destination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost

24、Nexthop Interface /32 DIRECT 0 0 InLoopBack0 /24 DIRECT 0 0 Serial1/0 /32 DIRECT 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 DIRECT 0 0 Serial1/0 /8 DIRECT 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 DIRECT 0 0 InLoopBack0,Page16,查看NBMA静态邻居配

25、置,RTAdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 peer area network network 55 # return,RTBdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 peer area network network 55 # return,Pa

26、ge17,邻居关系无法建立原因总结,Page18,目 录,OSPF邻居关系故障 OSPF区域间路由故障,Page19,故障描述区域间路由不正确,S0,S1,S2,S0,S0,S1,RTA,RTB,RTC,/30,/30,/30,/30,/30,/30,Area 0,Area 1,Area 2,Page20,故障描述区域间路由不正确,RTAdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Ne

27、xtHop Interface /30 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 /30 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 InLo

28、opBack0,RTBdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /30 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 127

29、.0.0.1 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0,Page21,修改OSPF配置,RTBdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network area network vlink-peer # return,RTCdisplay current

30、-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network vlink-peer area network # return,Page22,查看路由表,RTAdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 Direct 0 0 Serial0

31、 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 /30 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0,RTBdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Pub

32、lic Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /30 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 Seri

33、al1 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 OSPF 10 3124 Serial1,Page23,修改OSPF配置,RTAdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network area network vlink-peer # return,RTCdisplay current-configuration configurat

34、ion ospf # ospf 1 area network vlink-peer area network vlink-peer # return,Page24,查看路由表,RTAdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 Direct 0 0 Serial0 10.1.

35、1.1/32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 OSPF 10 3124 Serial1 /30 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0,RTBdisplay ip routing-t

36、able Routing Tables: Public Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /30 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32

37、Direct 0 0 Serial1 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 OSPF 10 3124 Serial1,Page25,Loopback2,/32,故障描述路由汇聚不正确,S2,S0,S0,RTA,RTB,/30,/30,Area 0,Area 1,S2,/30,/30,RTD,RTC,S0,S1,S0,S1,/30,/30,/30,/30,Loopback1

38、,/32,Page26,故障描述路由汇聚不正确,RTAdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 Direct 0 0 Serial2 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial2 /30

39、Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial2 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 /24 OSPF 10 3125 Serial0 /32 OSPF 10 3125 Serial2 /32 OSPF 10

40、 3125 Serial2 /8 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0,Page27,故障描述路由汇聚不正确,RTDdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destinations : 13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 Direct 0 0 Seri

41、al2 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial2 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial2 /30 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 20

42、.1.1.0/24 OSPF 10 4687 Serial2 /32 OSPF 10 1563 Serial0 /32 OSPF 10 1563 Serial0 /8 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0,Page28,故障描述路由汇聚不正确,RTCdisplay ip routing-table Routing Tables: Public Destinations :

43、13 Routes : 13 Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial1 /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 /30 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /30 Direct 0 0 10.

44、4.1.2 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 Serial0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /24 OSPF 10 6249 Serial1 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /8 Direct 0 0 InLoopBack0 /32 Direct 0 0

45、 InLoopBack0,Page29,查看路由汇聚相关配置,RTBdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network area abr-summary network # return,RTDdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area netwo

46、rk area network # return,Page30,故障描述路由汇聚不正确,Loopback2,/32,S0,S1,/30,/30,Loopback1,/32,RTA,S0,S0,/30,/30,S2,/30,S3,/30,RTB,RTC,RTD,RTE,S3,S3,/30,/30,Area 0,Area 1,Area 2,Page31,故障

47、描述路由汇聚不正确,RTAdisplay ip routing-table protocol ospf Public Routing Table : OSPF Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 OSPF 10 3124 Serial0 /30 OSPF 10 4686 Serial0 /30 OSPF 10 6248 Serial0 /24 OSPF 10 3125 Serial0 20

48、.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 6249 Serial0 /32 OSPF 10 6249 Serial0,RTEdisplay ip routing-table protocol ospf Public Routing Table : OSPF Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost NextHop Interface /30 OSPF 10 6248 Serial3 /30 OSPF 10 4686 Serial3 /30 OS

49、PF 10 3124 Serial3 /32 OSPF 10 3125 Serial3 /32 OSPF 10 3125 Serial3,Page32,查看OSPF相关配置,RTBdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network area abr-summary network 0.0.0.

50、3 vlink-peer # return,RTCdisplay current-configuration configuration ospf # ospf 1 area network vlink-peer area network # return,Page33,查看RTC的LSDBArea 0,RTCdisplay ospf lsdb OSPF Process 1 with Router ID Link State Database Area: Type LinkState ID AdvRouter Age Len Sequence Metric Router 408 36 8000000A 3124 Router 413 60 8000001A 1562 Router 231 48 8000000C 1562 Sum-Net 409 28 8000000A 1562 Sum-Net 408 2