定语从句 系统 全面讲解 框架清楚

1、1,1.He is an honest boy. 2.We love our country. 3.Whats your telephone number? 4.Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.,5.The foreigner who visited our school yesterday is from Canada.,定语：,用于修饰名词或代词,2,定语从句,3,分类方法之一,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因 指方式 in/at/for which with whom in whose+n

2、.,who, whom, that, as which, that, as whose where when why that,归纳总结 I,4,关系代词与关系副词 如何选择？,5,I-关系代词的用法：,1)Lets ask the man that/who is reading the book over there.,2)The girl whom/who/that/- we saw yesterday is Jims sister.,(主语),(宾语),(主语),(宾语),3)He is such a clever boy as we all like.,7) I have never

3、heard of such a thing as is talked about in the story. 分析way,(宾语),(主语),(定语),4)He is not the person who/that/whom/- she used to be.,(表语),9)The house whose window the owner repaired is to rent.,5)A plane is a machine that/which can fly.,6)The noodles that/which/- I cooked were delicious.,8)Thats the m

4、an whose house was burned down.,6,当先行词在定语从句的从句中做主语、宾语或者表语时，用关系代词引导定语从句（先行词在从句中作宾语或表语时引导词可以省略，as不省略）；从属关系用whose 指人whom/who/that都可在从句中作宾语，whom为最好选择。从句中做主宾与在主句中主宾无关。 as 引导定语从句时，用在固定词组中，如suchas, soas, the sameas, there is no such thing as whose 引导定语从句时，修饰后面单词，表所属关系，既可以指用于人，也可以用于物 人先行，who/whom/that/as; 物

5、先行，which/that /as,7,2. The day _I met him first was May 1st. 3. The year _I came here was 1998. 4. This is the factory _ he works. 5. I dont know the reason _ he was late. 6. The reason _he was late was that he got up late. 7. The way _he did the experiment was different from what the teacher did.,1

6、. I still remember the day _ I met him.,where,why,when,=in which,=for which,=on which,II-关系副词 用法,when,when,=for which,=on which,=in which,why,that,=in which,(时间),(时间),(时间),(地点),(原因),(原因),(方式),8,关系副词=(适当的)介词which，,When = in/at/on/+which; Where = in/at/on/+which; Why = for / +which,作状语：关系副词 when 时间 wh

7、ere 地点 why 原因,9,关系副词 在从句中做状语 时间when 地点where 原因why，way先行that 可以用介词+关系代词替代 关系代词不可省略, way做先行词that可省略,10,先行词：物 - 介词+which 人 - 介词+whom 物/人 - 介词+ whose+n,The room in which there is a machine is workshop. The man with whom I talked just now is my maths teacher. This is the boss in whose factory my father w

8、orks,III-介词关系代词用法,11,The way which/that/- he told me is not practical. I dont like the way in which/that/- he speaks to his father. He treated his mom (in) the way in which/that/- his mom treated his grandma.,12,注意:,一. 关系代词,二. 关系副词,三. 介词关系代词,13,1. 先行词是物， that和which只能用that 的情况,注意: 一. 关系代词,14,1)先行词是不定

9、代词all, no, none, everyone, something, much, little等时。 I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow. Do you have anything that you dont understand?,3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。,a. This is the first book (that) he has read. b. She is the most beautiful girl (that) I have ever seen.,2)先行词被all, every, no s

10、ome, any, little, much所修饰时. Ive read all the books that you lend me. Please send us any information that you have about the subject.,15,This is the very book that belongs to him. The old car is the only thing (that) he owned. This is the same book (that) I lent you yesterday.,4)先行词被the very, the onl

11、y, the last等修饰且指物时,引导定语从句用that。,the samethat同一 the sameas同样,5) 先行词中指人又指物 They talked about the schools and the teachers that they had visited. 6) 若主句中有疑问代词which , who Who is the man that is standing there? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? What that is on the table belongs to you?,16,7) 关系代词在定

12、语从句作表语时 It is no longer the building that it was.,8)两个定语从句时，第一个的关系代词已用who 或which, 第二个定语从句的关系代词用that. Our English teacher is the man who is talking with the girl that is in red. 2. 先行物，只用which， 不用that情况 介词+which中 There are many trees under which they can have a rest. 2) 非限制性定语从句中（ , which） Football,

13、which is a very popular game, is played all over the world.,17,3. 先行人， 不用that情况 one/the one/anyone/those做先行词时,只用who whom, Anyone who fails to finish the task should be punished. Those who want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here. 2) 非限制性定语从句中（ , who/whom） Mr Smith, who likes to visit places of inte

14、rest, came to China last month. Mr Smith, whom my father talks to, came to China last month.,18,3) 介词+关系代词-（介词+ Whom）,不用who/that The man with whom I talked just now is my maths teacher.,19,填上合适的关系词并分析原因： 1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explai

15、ned to us was quite simple.,that/ which/不填,that/in which/不填,缺状语,缺宾语,2：the way用做先行词,3. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. （04湖北） A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which,高考题链接：,20,1.which和as都能引导限制性定语从句，指代主句的某一个词，在从句中充当主语或宾语。,但as通常用在the same.as ,so as, suchas结

16、构中 I will give you such things as you may need. This is the same watch as I lost. This is the same watch that I lost.,3. as和which引导定语从句的区别,同一,同样,21,注意: 二. 关系副词,22,1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time. 3. We can fin

17、d many cases where music can help cure patients.,我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。,国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。,where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。,一些特殊词之后的where,解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point, situation和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。,23,1.We are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk. （06

18、山东） A. which B. that C. where D. when 2. -Do you have anything to say for yourself? -Yes, theres one point _ we must insist on . （06江西） A. why B. where C. how D. /,高考题链接：,做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择恰当的关系词。,24,三. 介词关系代词,25,1. 介词关系代词前可有some, any, none, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或数词 He loved his parents dee

19、ply, both of whom are very kind to him.（定语从句） He loved his parents deeply, and both of them are very kind to him.（并列句） He loved his parents deeply. Both of them are very kind to him.(2个简单句) 2) The book contains 20 stories, 8 of which are about Leifeng.,26,2. Whose 的先行词指物时, 可用of which 代替whose. 指人of w

20、hom代替whose whose + n. = the + n. + of which = of which+ the + n. He lives in the room whose window faces south. = He lives in the room, the window of which faces south. The girl whose father was elected mayor is from Shanghai. This is the scientist the name of whom is known all over the world. Is th

21、ere anyone in your class whose family is in the country?,27,2. look for, look after, take care of, look forward to里面的介词不可以提前. Is this the book which you are looking for?(for不能提前) The baby whom Tom has to look after is now 2 years old. (after不能提前),28,非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句,分类方法之二,归纳总结 I I,29,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语

22、从句,限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它 主句意思往往不明确；,非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也 不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。,(1)This is the house which we bought last month.,（限制性）,(2)The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.,(非限制性）,(3)Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.,(非限制性）,30,1.which和as都能引导限制性定语从句，指代主句的某一个词，在从句中充当主语或宾语。,但as通常用在the same.as ,so as, suchas结构中 I will give you such things as you may need. This is the same watch as I lost. This is the same watch that I lost.,注意1：as和which引导定语从句的区别,同一,同样,31,注意2.which和as都能引导非限制性定语从句,a. As we expected, he passed the exam. b. He took away my phot