高考英语写作专题第四讲 定语从句的写作与训练

1、第四讲 句子写作-形容词性从句,根据所掌握的定语从句的知识，熟练地使用定语从句也是高考英语写作的一项基本要求。定语从句属于较为复杂的语法结构，根据内容要点在短文中适当地运用定语从句有助于提高写作的得分。,一、that, which引导定语从句 当先行词为物时常用that或which来引导定语从句，很多情况下两者可以互换。 我们班是一个拥有12个女生和50个男生的大家庭。 Our class is a big family that/which consists of 12 girls and 50 boys.,点津that和which在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 To make our soci

2、ety more harmonious, wed better take care of the environment (that/which) we live in. 为了使我们的社会更加和谐，我们最好爱护我们所居住的环境。,二、who, whom, whose引导定语从句 当先行词为人时常用who, whom引导，也可用that。如果从句中缺少的是主语那么就用who引导；如果缺少的是宾语可用whom，也可以用who引导，关系代词也可以省略。whose在从句中作定语，既可以指人，也可以指物。 凡想参加的(同学)可以在十月二十日前到学生会办公室报名。 Those who would like

3、 to take part may sign up in the Students Union Office before October 20th. (作主语),那就是你所指的人吗？ Is that the man whom you referred to? (作宾语) 上周日，我在我的社区进行了一次社会调查，其主题内容是“你最关注的安全问题是什么”。 Last Sunday, I organized a survey in my neighborhood, whose topic is “Which safety problem is the one you are most concer

4、ned about”. (作定语),三、as引导定语从句 as指人或物，作主语、宾语或表语。as引导定语从句时常用在the same .as, such .as结构中。 我想买一件和汤姆穿的一样的T恤衫。 I want to buy the same Tshirt as Tom is wearing.,点津as和which还可以引导非限制性定语从句，来修饰整个句子。 正如我们所看到的，我们家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。 As we can see, great changes have taken place in our hometown. 李明今天早上起晚了，这使他不可能赶上早班车了。 Li

5、Ming got up late this morning, which made it impossible for him to catch the early bus.,四、when引导定语从句 when指时间，作状语。 I will never forget the day when I joined the army. 我将永远不会忘记我参军的那一天。 点津当表示时间的先行词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语时，必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，而不用when。 这部电影使我想起了我童年时代度过的那些苦难日子。 The film reminded me of t

6、hose miserable days (that/which) I spent in my childhood.,五、where引导定语从句 where指地点，作状语。 As a child, he used to work hard and help his father on the small farm where they lived. 当他还是一个小孩的时候，他经常艰苦地劳动，并帮助他的父亲在他们所生活的小农场上干活。,点津当表示地点的先行词在从句中不是作状语，而是作主语、宾语或表语时，必须用关系代词that或which引导定语从句，而不用where。 这是一个世界各地的人都渴望参

7、观的美丽的地方。 This is a beautiful place (that/which) people all over the world look forward to visiting.,六、why引导定语从句 why指原因，作状语。 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 汤姆昨天没来学校的原因是他生病了。 The reason why Tom didnt come to school yesterday was that he was ill.,1. 我读到了你们在因特网上发

8、布的在新加坡举办夏令营的通知，我很感兴趣。(2012大纲全国书面表达) I read the announcement of the summer camp in Singapore that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. 2. 很快我成了班上的尖子生之一，这极大地提高了我的自信心并激发了我的积极性。(2012湖北短文写作) Soon，I became one of the top students in my class，which greatly increased my confidence and

9、got me motivated. 3. 众所周知，书是知识的源泉。 (2012江西书面表达) As we all know，books are the source of knowledge. 4. 当我最好的朋友出国时，他送给我一本书作为礼物，这本书让我时常想起他。(2012湖南书面表达) When my best friend went abroad，he sent me a book as a gift，which always reminded me of him.,5. 我将向他学习并成为一个乐于帮助别人的人。(2012湖南书面表达) I will learn from him a

10、nd be a person who is always ready to help others. 6. 即使过去不喜欢英语的同学也已经对这门学科感兴趣了。(2012辽宁书面表达) Even the students who used to dislike English have turned out to be interested in the subject. 7. 然而，有些课文对我们来说有太多太难的生词和短语。(2012辽宁书面表达) However，some of the texts have too many new words and expressions which a

11、re hard for us. 8. 最后但同样重要的是，我的物理老师是我的楷模，他对我的影响对我的决定起了很大的作用。(2012安徽书面表达) Last but not least，my physics teacher is my role model，whose influence on me had a lot to do with my decision.,9. 为了避免这样的冲突，我们应与别人友好相处，这对共享和谐生活来说是不可缺少的。(2012江苏书面表达) To avoid such conflicts，we should be kind to one another，which is essential to enjoy a harmonious life. 10. 现在我把我在英语上的所有进步都归功于Mrs.Jones，她的鼓励使我取得了我今天拥有的成绩。(2012广东读写任务) Now I owe all my progress in English to Mrs.Jones whose encouragement has made me achieve what I have now. 11. 我把他们领到附近的停车点并建议他们乘坐20路班车，它可以直接带他们到那里。(2012北京情景作文) I led them to th