unit_2--the_united_kingdom--Grammar--P.P_as_OC.ppt

1、Past participles used as object complement (过去分词做宾语补足语),Grammar,什么是宾语补足语？,英语中有些及物动词后，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个补足语来补充说明宾语，才能使句子的意义完整。这种补足语称为宾语补足语。,We think him clever. What he said made me angry. They consider the answer correct. Everyone calls him Tom.,宾语,宾补,带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：,His father named him Daming. They p

2、ainted their house white. You mustnt force him to lend his money to you. 4. Nobody noticed him enter the room. 5. We saw her entering the room.,(名词),(动词不定式),(现在分词或其短语),(形容词),(动词不定式),宾语补足语的表示法,5. We must get the work finished by 10 oclock. 6. We take English as a useful tool for research work. 7. Whe

3、never you may go, you will find him at work. 8. Let the fresh air in. 9. The plant has its own name. You cannot call it what you will.,(过去分词),(用介词引出),(介词短语),(副词),(从句),用过去分词充当宾语补足语,过去分词作宾语补足语，表示动作已经完成或结束。能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词，表示被动意义或已完成的意义，有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。,After waking

4、 up, I found everyone gone. The speaker raised her voice to make herself heard. They found their new bikes stolen.,使役动词get, have, make, keep, leave 等后, 可用过去分词做宾语补足语, 表： “致使某人或某事被”,We should keep them informed of what is going on here.,Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentists.,需用过去分词作宾语补足语的情

5、况,I had my recorder repaired.,(I asked somebody else to repair it.),I had the room cleaned.,(I organized it.),He had his foot injured.,(something bad happened.),Tom,He had his hair cut.,He had his clothes washed.,He had his room cleaned.,He had his walls painted.,He had his bike repaired.,hair,cloth

6、es,room,walls,car,He got his leg injured.,He got his glasses broken.,He got his camera damaged.,He got his wallet stolen.,2. 感官动词feel, find, hear, notice, see,watch 等表示感觉和心理状态的动词之后, 表: “感受到某人或某事被做”。,I was sleeping when I heard my name called.,He was disappointed to find his suggestions turned down.,

7、Lily,She found Toms hair cut.,She found his room cleaned.,She found his bike repaired.,She found his clothes washed.,She found the walls painted.,hair,clothes,room,walls,car,I saw him _.,scold,scolded by his mother,I saw _.,bite,him bitten by a dog,I saw _.,rob,her robbed by a man,Fill in the blanks

8、.,I heard someone _me. I heard my name _.,I found Tom _ the window. I found the window _.,calling,called,break,broken,3. 表示“意欲; 命令”的动词如: like, order, want,wish, 相当于过去分词短语前省略了to be, 表示“希望/要求某人或某事被做”。,I wish these letters (to be) typed as soon as possible.,He didnt want such question discussed at the

9、meeting.,The father wants his daughter taught the piano.,4.“with 宾语过去分词”结构中, 过去分词 用作介词 with 的宾语补足语。这一结构通常 在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。,The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. (表方式),With water heated, we can see the steam. (表条件),With the matter settled, we all went home. (表原因),5. “ha

10、ve + 宾语过去分词”的几种含义 在“ have 宾语过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，have 也可用 get 。这一结构有以下几种含义： 1. 意为“主语请别人做某事”。 He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow. 2. 意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的 事情”。 Be careful, or youll have your hands hurt. 3. 意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做 完，也可以由主语参与完成。 He had the walls painted this morning.,6. 过去分词与不定式, 现在分

11、词作宾补的 区别: 三者与宾语逻辑上都是主谓关系, 但过去分词强调他们之间的被动关系, 不定式强调动作发生的全过程, 现在分词 强调他们之间的主动关系, 正在进行。,I saw her come into the classroom.,I saw her coming into the classroom.,I saw her taken out of the classroom.,省略to的情况：,1) 情态动词 (除ought 外, ought to); 2) 使役动词 let, have, make; 3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice, observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补, 省略to。注意: 在被动语态中则to不能省掉。 I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole nigh