高三英语专题复习英语阅读理解技巧

1、,高三英语专题复习 英语阅读理解技巧,摒弃不良的阅读习惯,1“指读” 2“声读” 3“译读” 4“回读” 5“析读” 6“视幅过窄” 7“毛病”（bad habits）: 教学过程中，发现学生在阅读时常做些不利于阅读的坏动作。有的同学晃头、颠腿、转笔、听音乐、咬指头、趴在桌子上、揪头发等等。,教学内容,1、主旨归纳题(main idea) 2、细节理解题(questions of details) 3、推理判断题(questions of inference) 4、词义猜测题(words in context),题型,能力训练,1）归纳能力 2）体裁分析能力 3）分析题干能力 4）猜词能力,1

2、. How to get the main idea?,主旨大意题型主要测试考生对短文的全面理解和概括能力。提问的内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意。常见题型为最佳标题（title）或中心思想（main idea）。 做这类题时常用略读法。就是以尽快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的标题、起始段或结尾段、每段的首尾句、以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语等重要部分，来了解文章的大意或主题思想。,归纳能力,题,(1). What would be the best title for the text? /What is the topic of the text?(2). The main topi

3、c / subject of the passage is _.(3). What is mainly discussed in the text?(4). What is the main idea of the passage?(5) The purpose of this passage is . (6) Which of the following best summarized the passage?(7) The passage mainly focuses on _ .,主旨大意题提问的方式：,1 Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your he

4、alth. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smokers cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catc

5、h colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it?,Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health.,Practice,归纳能力,2 Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal.

6、And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance.,Practice,归纳能力,3 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly draw your attention: “Color TV. Only 79.

7、 Two days sale. Hurry.” However, when you go to the store ready to buy, you may discover that they are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to tell you that he has another model. A much better set which is “just right for you” It costs 395. This sales method is called “bait and switch”. Buyers

8、are baited with a sales advertisement, and then they are switched to another more expensive one.,(detail) (detail) (detail),Q: The paragraph could be entitled _ A. Buying A TV Set B. A Selling Method C. Buyer Beware D. TV On Sale,Practice,归纳能力,4 Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and

9、decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.The main idea of this paragraph is that

10、_.A. Tom has studied at Paris Universities for four years.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation.C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D. Tom received an excellent education.,Practice,归纳能力,体裁分析能力,（较常见）,（较常见）,2. How to get the details？,细节理解题 多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。其

11、题目设计的方式一般有： 1、以who, what, when, where 等疑问词开头提问短文的具体内容。 2、以true or false 形式，让考生判断文章某一事实或细节。 3、 句意转换理解。 4、就文中具体内容进行简单计算，排序，识图等。 5、以According to the text, From the text 开头，考查某一细节。,分析题干能力,2. How to get the details?,做此类题的方法一般是先用查读（也叫寻读），找出与问题相关的词语或句子，再对相关的部分进行细读，找出正确答案。 如： Where did Jack hide himself and

12、 his bike ? 原文：When he got to his uncles watch factory, Jack got off his bike and hid himself and the bike behind the big tree near the factory.,细节题训练,快速寻找各题的正确答案： 1. What? A. in 1835 B. the day after tomorrow C. a new car D. with great speed 2. Why? A. last week B. for some ice C. very carefully D.

13、 my mother tongue 3. Which ? A. at seven oclock B. the forth C. all over the world D. on the floor,分析题干能力,细节题训练,分析题干能力,4. Where ? A. New York B. Greek C. French D. Canadian 5. How ? A. 1000 B. with the help of others C. a sharp knife D. careless 6. How much ? A. in fifteen minutes B. 3,500 C. five m

14、etres long D. the population of the country,选择正确答案：,1. The teacher told his students to do the second and the third exercises, but they should leave the first exercise out. How many exercises should the students do ? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Zero. 2. Jean and Mary asked Della to go out for a wal

15、k, but she didnt want to. Who probably did not go out ? A. Jean. B. Mary. C. Della. D. Jean and Mary.,分析题干能力,选择正确答案：,3. The answers to the questions which were in part 3 of the English test that we had were rather difficult for most of us. How many parts does the English test have? A. Only three. B.

16、 At least three. C. Obviously more than three. D. Only four.,分析题干能力,3. How to infer,推理判断题着重考查学生的逻辑思维能力，即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推理判断。此类题目难度大，设计面广，如人物的性格、心理、故事的结局、寓意、文章的出处、体裁，作者的倾向、态度等。 解答该类题时，一要抓住文中的关键词句等展开逻辑推理。 二要力求从作者的角度去考虑，切忌脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法主观臆断。,分析题干能力,2,3. How to infer,It can be inferred / concluded from th

17、e text that _. 2. The writer suggests that _. 3. Form the passage we can infer / conclude that _. 4. We may infer from the text that _. 5. It is implied in the passage that _. 6. This text is most probably taken from _.,Question forms:,Example 1 One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the s

18、hop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches (蟑螂) and two spiders.” “What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condit

19、ion as I found it.” Q： The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house, it was _. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects,3.How to infer,Sample 2 It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back

20、 to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die. You can tell that rocks _. A. hurt sea animals B. protect sea animals C. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beaches,3.How to infer,4.How to g

21、uess the meaning of the words,猜测词义是重要的英语阅读技能之一，也是历年来高考阅读理解题常考的技能，旨在考查考生对某些关键词语在特定语境中的含义的理解能力。因此，在平时阅读时，遇到生词不要急于查词典，可运用适当的猜词方法来猜测词义。一旦掌握了这些有效方法，你就会发现在考试中做词义猜测题易如反掌。,猜词能力,常见的设题方式有： 1）The underlined word（phrase）in the passage means _ 2）The word it（them）in the first paragraph refers to _ 3）The underline

22、d sentence in the last paragraph means _ 4）Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word in the second paragraph？,4.How to guess the meaning?,（一）根据常识、经验猜生词 例如： The old man put on his spectacles and began to read,猜词能力,（二）根据上下文解释做出判断： 1根据文中的定义、解释猜生词 。例如： Skimming means lookin

23、g over a passage quickly to get the main idea before you begin to read it carefully 2利用事例或解释猜生词 。例如： The doctor is studying glaucoma and other diseases of the eye,猜词能力,3利用重复解释的信息猜生词 。 Mr. Smith always arrives home punctually，neither early nor late 4根据同位关系进行判断： 阅读中出现一些难词，有时后面就是一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，这种解释有时也

24、用连词“or”连接。 ，and other Germanic and Nordic peoples，who spoke what we now call Anglo-Saxon（or Old English），a Germanic language,猜词能力,猜词能力,（三）根据上下文的指代关系进行选择 文章中的代词it，that，he，him或them可以指上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；也有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事。 例如 原文：However，the question that “ moon people” asked is still