被动语态用法详解

1、the passive voice(被动语态)，(a)英语动词有两种语音，主动语态和被动语态。主动声音表示主题是动作的执行者；被动声音表示主题是动作的所有者。示例：they will build a new bridge over the river。(活动)a new bridge will be built over the river。(被动)在汉语中，常用“给”、“给”、“接受”等词来表示被动，英语由“助动词be”和事物动词的过去分词组成。she waters the flowers every day。the flowers、what does she do every day？ev

2、ery day，are wated，by her，在主动句和骚动句之间切换we bought some books。主语谓语动词主动语态的过去宾语some books were bought (by us)主题谓语动词被动语态的过去分词介词宾语my mother sweeps the floor every day，the floor is swept by my mother every day，the jacket is made in guangzhou，guanghou，keeping warm，summary，英语动词有主动语态和被动语态两种语音。主动语态则表示主语是动作的执行者；被

3、动语态则表示主语是动作的所有者；被动语态则表示动作的执行者有时用by短语表示；一般“当前”(simple present): s(主题)am/is/are过去分词(done)、一般过去模态动词(model verb):模态动词be过去分词，如s can/must/should，they can sing some beautiful songs，some beautilful songs是be sung by them(b)被动语态的时态、个人和数的变化主要反映在be的变化中，其形式与动词be的变化形式完全相同。例如，give的列表如下：一般现在：一般过去：一般未来：包含形式动词。目前：过去：

4、目前完成时：过去完成时：未来完成时：过去未来完成时：周手动语音没有未来或过去未来进度。am/is/are done was/were done shall/will be done should/would be done am/is/are being done was/were being done2.将动词变为被动形式be过去分词形式，其人称和数随主语变化，而动词的时态保持不变。如果需要的话，可以把三元动词的主语放在by后面，作为其宾格(参考代词的宾格)出现，就可以省略。4其他组件(属性、副词)保持不变。，手动语音的多个文章，1正面文章主题be过去分词(by)，a sweet song

5、was sung by her on the stage，2傅晶文章主题be not过去分词(by)，3一般疑问句be主题过去分词(by)，3一般疑问句be主题过去分词(by)，4特殊疑问句疑问句疑问句单词be主语过去分词(by)，where was a sweet song sung by her？(c)一般8种时态的被动语态1。通常现在：(1)people grow rice in the south of the country。rice is grown in the south of the country .(2)the school does allowus to enter t

6、he chemistry lab without a teacher。we are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher。(c)一般8种时态的被动语态2。一般过去时间：(1)they agreed on the building of a new car factory last month。the building of a new car factory was agreed on last month .(2)the students did nt forget his lessons early。his les

7、sons were not easily forgotten。(c)一般8种时态的被动语态3。一般未来时间：(1) they will send cars abroad by sea。cars will be sent abroad by sea。(2)they will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers。plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers。(c)一般8种时态的被动语态4。过去的未来：(1)the manager said they would complete the project by t

8、he end of the year。the manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year。(2)the workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible。the workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible .(c)一般8种时态的被动语态5。当前正在进行：(1)the radio is broadcasting english lessons。engli

9、sh lessons are being broadcasting on the radio .(2) we are painting the rooms。the rooms are being painted。(c)在一般8种时态中手动语音6。过去的进度：(1) the workers were mending the road。the road was being mended。(2)this time last year web were planting trees here . trees were being planted here this time last year。(c)

10、在一般8种时态中手动语音7。立即完成：(1)somene has told me the sports meeting might be put off。i have been told the sports meeting might be put off .(2)he has brought his book here . his book has been brought here。(c)在一般8种时态中手动语音8。过去完成：(1)when i got to the theatre，i found they had already sold out the tickets。when i

11、got to the theatre，i found the tickets had already been sold out。(2)the whole country was very sad at the news of his death；people had considered him to be a great leader。he had been considered to be a great leader。4)包含情态动词的被动语态：包含情态动词的被动语态包括“情态动词be和事物动词过去的分词”。(1)you must hand in your composition af

12、ter class。your compositions must be handed in after class。(2)he can write a great many letters with the computer . a great many letters can be written with the computer by him .(5)使用移动语言1。在不知道或不需要指出任务执行者的情况下，通常是手动语音，不使用by短语。“mr.white，the cup was broken after class”“2 .要强调或强调动作的执行者，请使用by语法。these reco

13、rds were made by john denver。the cup was broken by paul.3 .汉语句子的主语不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的继承者的时候，in名词代替by短语经常用作副词。these cars were made in china。15，000 cars will be producted each year in the new factory。5)如何将主动语音转换为被动语音；(1)我的aunt invited me to her dinner party。主语谓词对象i was invited(by my aunt)to her dinner par

14、ty。主语谓词对象(2)the school set up a special class to help poor readers。a special class to help poor readers was set up in the school .1 .将主动语音的目标替换为被动语音的主题。2.将主动语音的谓语转换为被动语音的be过去分词，时态要与原来的句子一致。3.如果把主动语态的主语换成介词by的宾语，然后在被动语态中把谓语动词放在后面，就可以省略by短语了。如果原来句子的主语是位置名词，就在被动语态中使用in位置名词作为副词。(6)语音转换时需要注意的问题1。如果将主动语态改

15、为被动语态，谓语动词的时态必须与原文章时态一致，谓语动词的个数必须与新的主语一致。we have bought a new computer . a new computer has been bought。(正确)a new computer have been bought。(错误)2。如果包含双对象的主动句子变为被动，则其中一个作为主语，另一个不动，通常将间接对象转换为主题。my uncle gave me a present on my birth day。i was given a present on my birthdday。如果将直接宾语(事物)改为主题，在间接宾语(指向人)之

16、前加上适当的介词，则a present was given to me yesterday .保留字、注意：1。通常在以下动词之后的间接对象之前使用介词to:示例：bring、give、hand、lend、offer、pass、pay、promise、sell、show、take、teach、tell等(1) the book was showred to the class。(2) my bike was compellent to her.2 .通常在以下动词之后的间接对象之前使用介词for:例如：build、buy、cook、cut、choose、do、fetch、find、fix、get、keep、make、order、paining(1) a new skirt was made for me。(2) the mea