药学英语 01 Introduction2014课件

1、Introduction toPharmaceutical English药学专业英语绪论,药学院 11#A519）,1,学习交流PPT,专业学习,毕 业,工 作,学习药学英语的重要性,2,学习交流PPT,教学目的,1. 掌握一定的药学专业词汇,2. 培养专业英语的阅读能力,3. 培养专业英语的写作能力,3,学习交流PPT,教学安排 1. 学时分配： 32学时 2. 教学进度： 第1周：专业英语绪论 第1-8周：专业英语各论学习 第8周：综合复习、考试 3. 考试 平时成绩（40%）+闭卷考试（60%）,4,学习交流PPT,参考书籍及相关网站,1.药学英语 章国斌编著，复旦大学出版社，2007

2、 . 2.药学英语 李有贵编著，高等教育出版社，2009. 3.药学英语 胡廷熹编著，人卫出版社，2008. 4. 药学英语课程网站： 温州医学院主页/数字资源/教学平台/药学英语,5,学习交流PPT,5. /,6,学习交流PPT,7,学习交流PPT,专业英语的特点,1. 文体特点,2. 词汇特点,3. 语法特点,8,学习交流PPT,特点： 严谨周密，概念准确， 逻辑性强，行文简练， 重点突出，句式严整， 常用前置性陈述句或者被动语态。,一、药学专业英语的文体特点,9,学习交流PPT,举例,People use gas chromatography , krmtgrfi in many dif

3、ferent fields.被动语态清晰、准确、精练、严密,Gas chromatography is used in many different fields.,10,学习交流PPT,专业英语的特点,1. 文体特点,2. 词汇特点,3. 语法特点,11,学习交流PPT,二、专业英语的词汇特点,1. 医药科技英语词汇主要来自于英语、希腊语、拉 丁语及现代英语等。 来自英语： code of conduct board of directors 直接从希腊语和拉丁语中吸收: thesis (希腊语） formula (拉丁语） 利用希腊语和拉丁语的词素（前缀或后缀）构成： hyper- (hy

4、pertension) -logy (Pharmacology),12,学习交流PPT,2. 专业英语词汇的词义单一，具有准确性和 严密性的特点。,Objective ：Extract total dissociated anthraquinones from rhubarbs and then separate every single component from the total dissociated anthraquinones, optimize the rhubarbs extraction process. anthraquinones ,nrkwinun 蒽醌, rhuba

5、rbs ru:b:bs 大黄 目的:从药材大黄中提取游离蒽醌类化合物并分离其各个组分,优化大黄游离蒽醌化合物的提取工艺。,13,学习交流PPT,(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，以及有 名词功用的动名词 (2) 广泛采用名词连用形式 (3) 复合词 (4) 缩略词,3. 专业英语词汇具体特点：,14,学习交流PPT,the standardization of the product absorption rate constant limited date of using a drug after its production therapeutic drug monitoring

6、 random screening in drug discovery method of grouping,(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，动名词,15,学习交流PPT,(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，以及有 名词功用的动名词 (2) 广泛采用名词连用形式 (3) 复合词 (4) 缩略词,3. 专业英语词汇具体特点：,16,学习交流PPT,safety range target cell surface tension surface activity molecular pharmacology molecular biology side effect,(2) 广泛采

7、用名词连用形式,17,学习交流PPT,(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名词，以及有 名词功用的动名词 (2) 广泛采用名词连用形式 (3) 复合词 (4) 缩略词,3. 专业英语词汇具体特点：,18,学习交流PPT,bond-covalent bond-ionic anti-infectives double-blind habit-forming joint-venture,(3) 复合词,mother-to-be ion-selective electrode ion-exchange blood-brain barrier,19,学习交流PPT,(1) 广泛使用表示动作或状态的抽象名

8、词，以及有 名词功用的动名词 (2) 广泛采用名词连用形式 (3) 复合词 (4) 缩略词,3. 专业英语词汇具体特点：,20,学习交流PPT,OTC (over the counter) FDA (Food and drug Administration) GMP (good manufacturing practice) GSP (Good Supply Practice) GCP (Good Clinical Practice) GLP (Good Laboratory Practice) QSAR (quantitative structure-activity relationshi

9、p) TDM (therapeutic drug monitoring),(4) 缩略词,21,学习交流PPT,专业英语的特点,1. 文体特点,2. 词汇特点,3. 语法特点,22,学习交流PPT,1、大量使用名词化结构 2、广泛使用被动语句 3、非限定动词 4、后置定语 5、长句 6、常用句型,三、专业英语的句法特点,23,学习交流PPT,（1a）If you expose the item for long, it will rapidly deteriorate. （1b）Prolonged exposure will result in rapid deterioration of i

10、tem.,一、大量使用名词化结构,24,学习交流PPT,(1a) You must pay attention to the temperature of the reaction. (1b) Attention must be paid to the temperature of the reaction.,二、广泛使用被动语句,25,学习交流PPT,Antioxidants, found in some vitamins and minerals, can snuff out oxygen free radicals, substances that are thought to make

11、 cells more susceptible to cancer.,三、非限定动词（非谓语动词）,These studies often begin with a dose-ranging study, using 1/50 to 1/100 the effective dose in animals and increasing until the desired effect, or adverse effects, are seen.,To encourage clinical research in supporting the drug development program an

12、d to improve on the quality of clinical trials, the government has established five national GCP clinical research centers which are affiliated with the top medical universities in the country.,26,学习交流PPT,No uniform scheme for Phase 4 supervision has yet been established, but few doubt the necessity

13、 of collecting this information on low-frequency adverse effects.,四、后置定语,One of the most studied antioxidants in vegetables and fruits （which were）thought to protect against cancer is beta-carotene, concentrated in deep green, yellow and orange vegetables such as carrots, sweet potatoes and spinach.

14、,27,学习交流PPT,Although stereochemistry does play a major role in drugs biologic action, factors such as the lipid, water distribution function, the PK value , or perhaps the rate of hydrolysis or metabolism may differ between isomeric pairs and account for the observed differences in pharmacologic act

15、ivity.,五、长句,28,学习交流PPT,1) 强调句 It is when the body temperature is rising rapidly that affected person may feel chilly.,六、常用句型,It was the first time people recognized that a definite sickness could result when something was missing from the diet.,29,学习交流PPT,2）被动句 The disease is caused by a virus. The

16、blood flow may be increased by more rapid and vigorous heart action. It has been suggested that early treatment of streptococcal infections with penicillin may prevent nephritis.,30,学习交流PPT,3) It 作形式主语 It is estimated that more than 90 antigenically different strains of known types of respiratory vi

17、ruses cause the common cold syndrome. It is usually possible to carry out reactions on the lead compound itself in order to make a series of analogs.,31,学习交流PPT,专业英语的翻译原则及步骤,信-忠实,达-流畅,准-准确,理解阶段,表达阶段,校正阶段,32,学习交流PPT,基本词根,33,学习交流PPT,表达数量含义的基本词素,34,学习交流PPT,1. haplo, mono, uni ：单，一，独 haploid 单倍体 monoxid

18、e一氧化碳 monoatomic 单原子的 2. bi,di,dipl,twi,du ： 二，双，两，偶 bicolor 双色 dichromatic 双色的 diplobacillus 双杆菌 dikaryon 双核体 3. tri ：三，丙 triangle 三角， trinitroglycerol 三硝基甘油 tricarboxylic acid cycle 三羧酸循环,35,学习交流PPT,常用前缀、后缀,36,学习交流PPT,5. anti- ：反，抗，阻，排斥 antidote 解毒药 antibody 抗体 6. aqu-：水 aqueous 水的 aquarium 水族馆 7. ate：具有，具有形状的，盐，酯 nucleate 具核的 chlorate 氯酸盐 acetate 乙酸酯 8. auto-：自动 automatic 自动化的 autobiography 自传,37,学习交流PPT,9. bio- ：生命，生物 biology 生物学 antibiotic 抗生素 10. contra-, counter-, contro-: 反对，逆，抗 contra-rotating 反向旋转 counteract 中和 11. de-：除去，离去，非 dehydrate