Unit6 international logistics.ppt

1、Unit 6 International Logistics,Text 1 Containerization Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port Text 2 Main Logistics Documents Dialogue 2 Change of Port of Destination,Text 1 Containerization,【Para 1】Container Transportation（集装箱运输） With the expansion of international trade, the container service

2、 has become popular. The transportation of international trading is nowadays frequently carried out in containers. The usage of containers provides a highly efficient form of transport by road, rail and air though its fullest benefits are felt in shipping, where cost may be reduced by as much as one

3、 half.,Text 1 Containerization,【Para 2】Sizes of Containers（集装箱的尺寸） Containers are constructed of metal and are of standards lengths from ten to forty feet. 20-foot container and 40-foot container have become more common. The 20-foot container has become the standard unit ofmeasure quoted in terms of

4、 “TEUs” or twenty-foot equivalentunits. One 40-foot containerequates to two TEUs.,Text 1 Containerization,【Para 3】the Advantage of Containers（集装箱的优势） The advantage of containers from the shippers point of view is that freight can be loaded and the box sealed before it leaves the warehouse. The goods

5、 themselves are not touched again until the customer receives the container and opens it.,Text 1 Containerization,There is no risk of goods getting lost or mislaid in transit. Manpower in handling is greatly reduced, with lower costs and less risk of damage. Overall transportation cost can be reduce

6、d since container shipment offers the economy of mass transportation and minimizes the need for transshipment.,Text 1 Containerization,Usage of container reduces the time ships spend in port and greatly increase the number of sailings. Temperature-controlled containers are provided for the types of

7、cargo that need them.,Text 1 Containerization,【Para 4】the Disadvantage of Containers（集装箱的劣势） Containers have a restricted application in inland transportation. Because containers on ships must be stacked, they must be sturdy in construction. In turn, this makes them heavytoo heavy for road transport

8、 since they unduly restrict payloads.,Text 1 Containerization,【Para 5】the FCL Service（整箱服务） If the exporter intends to fill a full container load (FCL), the forwarder of shipping line will be prepared to send an empty container to the exporter for loading. The container is sealed with the carriers s

9、eal, this is sometimes done by the shipper.,Text 1 Containerization,【Para 6】the LCL Service（拼箱服务） If the cargo is less than a full container load (LCL), the exporter sends it to the container freight stations (CFSs), where it will be consolidated with the goods of other exporters in a group containe

10、r.,Text 1 Containerization,【Para 7】Inter-modal Transportation（多式联运） Inter-modal transportation refers to the movement of a shipment from origin to destination utilizing two or more different modes of transport. It involves a variety of shipment, transshipment and warehousing activities. The whole in

11、tent of inter-modal transport is to allow the shipper to take advantage of the best characteristics of all modes: the convenience of road, the long-distance movement efficiency of rail, and the capacity of ocean shipping.,Text 1 Containerization,Therefore, inter-modal transportation offers the oppor

12、tunity to combine modes and find a less costly alternative than a single transport mode. Numerous technical improvements, such as river/sea shipping and better rail/road integration, have been established to reduce interchange cost, but containerization remains the most significant achievement so fa

13、r.,Text 1 Containerization,New Words and Phrases container n. 容器，集装箱 containerization n. 集装箱化 expansion n. 扩充，开展 construct v. 建造，建立 quote v. 引用，提出，提供 mass adj. 大规模的，集中的 restrict v. 限制，约束,Text 1 Containerization,application n. 应用，运用 stack v. 堆放，堆叠 sturdy adj. 坚固的，坚定的 unduly adv. 过度地，不适当的 fill v. 装满，充

14、满，填充 forwarder n. 货运公司，货运代理 商 seal n. 封铅，封条，印； v. 封，密封,Text 1 Containerization,consolidate v. 装货，配货 origin n. 出发地，生产地 destination n. 目的地 utilize v. 利用 characteristic n. 特性，特征 convenience n. 便利，方便 efficiency n. 效率，功效 capacity n. 容量，装载量 combine v. （使）结合,Text 1 Containerization,alternative n. 二中择一，可供选择

15、 的办法 integration n. 综合 significant adj. 有意义的，重大的 achievement n. 成绩，成就，完成， 达到 carry out 履行，执行 standard unit 标箱 TEUs=twenty-foot equivalent units 20英尺的标箱,Text 1 Containerization,equate to 相当于，相等于 temperature-controlled 温控 FCL= a full container load 整箱服务 LCL= less than a full container load 拼箱服务 CFSs=

16、container freight stations 集装箱运输站 inter-modal transportation 多式联运 so far 迄今为止,Text 1 Containerization,Notes 1The usage of containers provides a highly efficient form of transport by road, rail and air though its fullest benefits are felt in shipping, where cost may be reduced by as much as one half.

17、 集装箱的使用为道路、铁路和航空提供了一种高效的运输方式，虽然它的全部益处在海运中体现得最淋漓尽致，在海运中集装箱的使用可以将成本降低一半。,Text 1 Containerization,2Containers are constructed of metal and are of standards lengths from ten to forty feet. 集装箱由金属制造，包括10英尺到40英尺各种标准尺寸。,Text 1 Containerization,3Overall transportation cost can be reduced since container shi

18、pment offers the economy of mass transportation and minimizes the need for transshipment. 由于使用了集装箱运输，提供了运输的规模经济并将转运需求降到最低，全面的运输成本得以降低。,Text 1 Containerization,4Because containers on ships must be stacked, they must be sturdy in construction. 因为在船上集装箱必须叠放，所以必须建造的足够坚固。,Text 1 Containerization,5Therefo

19、re, inter-modal transportation offers the opportunity to combine modes and find a less costly alternative than a single transport mode. 因此，与单一运输方式相比，多式联运为将适当的运输方式结合在一起为降低成本提供了机会。,Text 1 Containerization,6Numerous technical improvements, such as river/sea shipping and better rail/road integration, ha

20、ve been established to reduce interchange cost, but containerization remains the most significant achievement so far. 许多技术进步，如水运/海运和更完善的铁路/公路的结合，使得运输方式转换时成本降低，但是迄今为止，集装箱化运输仍是意义最重大的进步。,Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port,(The following is a conversation between the Mr. Geng, the clerk in a lo

21、gistics company and Mike, a customer of the company.) Geng：Mike, are you tired today after your visit to the Great Wall yesterday? Mike：No, not at all. I am very interested in the visit. Geng：What are you impressions about the Great Wall?,Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port,Mike：Its just too

22、 great, and it has made an everlasting impression on me. Geng：Well, do you think now we should talk a bit about the port of discharge? Mike：Im all ready. Geng：Our offer is CIF European main ports. The time of shipment is August. Whats your unloading port please? Mike：Hamburg.,Dialogue 1 Talking abou

23、t the Unloading Port,Geng：But as I know, sailings to Europe in August only call at London and Antwerp. Mike：Our customers are all located near Hamburg. Its not reasonable to have the goods unloaded at London. Geng：I see. Mike：We do hope youll contact the shipping company once again to make sure that

24、 the shipment will arrive in Hamburg.,Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port,Geng：Sure and I will do that, there is a vessel sailing to Hamburg in July. But Im afraid its too late to book the shipping space. Mike：Please try your best, and I trust that you can make it. Geng：All right. But the qu

25、estion we have at the moment is whether the manufactures can get the goods ready in July. Mike：You can contact the factory again to hurry them up. It will be marvelous if the goods can be shipped in July.,Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port,Geng：Ill certainly try my best, but if we fail to d

26、o that, there will be another chance. The next early available chance will be the Hamburg ships in September. There will be two of them. What do you think if the shipment is effected in September, a month later than the schedule? Mike：Wed like the shipment to be made in July, but if nothing can be d

27、one about it, the goods can be shipped in September. There should be no more changes in the schedule, anyway. Geng：Im sure there will be no more changes.,Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port,New Words and Phrases impression n. 印象，感想 everlasting adj. 永恒的，持久地 Hamburg n. 汉堡（欧洲主要港 口） Antwerp n. 安

28、特卫普（欧洲主要 港口） reasonable adj. 合理的,Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port,marvelous adj. 令人惊异的，不可思 议的 effect v. 实现，达到 schedule n. 确定时间 port of discharge 卸货港 CIF 到岸价（成本，保险加 运费）,Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port,Notes 1Our offer is CIF European main ports. 我们的报价是欧洲主要港口的到岸价。 2Its not reaso

29、nable to have the goods unloaded at London. 在伦敦港卸货不太合理。,Dialogue 1 Talking about the Unloading Port,Tips： 1We should talk about the port of loading and discharging. 2I think Dalian is suitable to us. 3Whats your unloading port please? 4Wed better have a brief talk about the loading port. 5Wed like t

30、o designate Shanghai as the loading port because it is near the producing area. 6As most of our clients are near London, wed like to appoint London as the unloading port. 7An early reply from you will help us to speed up shipment. 8You may depend on what I promise you.,Exercise,海关检查 _ inspection 贸易习

31、俗 trade _ 总部 head _ 财政负担 _ burden 延缓策略 _ strategy 组织行为 organization _ 动态调整 _ coordination 物流单证 logistics _,Exercise,As the rising industry of the international logistics, the third party logistics enables the enterprise to slip the leash of logistics to a certain extent, which gets the welcome widel

32、y. 作为国际物流领域新兴产业，第三方物流使企业能够在一定程度上摆脱物流的束缚，因而受到了企业的广泛欢迎。 2. All the time, automobile logistics industry is generally acknowledged most complicated, most professional manor by counterpart of international logistics. 一直以来，汽车物流业都是被国际物流同行所公认的最复杂、最专业的领地。,Exercise,3. Taking the public bonded warehouse and mo

33、dern information system as the flat platform, the company develops in businesses such as the international logistics. 公司以公共保税仓库和现代化信息系统为平台，开展国际物流等业务。 4. In order to keep pace with the development of international logistics in the new age, our company is developing into an international network of pr

34、ofessional freight service. 为适应新时期国际物流发展的需要，我们正朝着国际化，网络一体化、专业化的方面前进。,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,【Para 1】Introduction to Logistics Documents（物流单据介绍） Logistics documents refer to all documents involve in the course of logistics. Generally speaking, logistics documents contain two kinds of documen

35、ts: cargo documents and transport documents. They are applied for various purposes in the whole process of transport of goods. The following paragraphs are introduction to bill of lading, air waybill, packing list, commercial invoice, insurance policy and certificate of origin.,Text 2 Main Logistics

36、 Documents,【Para 2】Bill of Lading（提单） One of the most important documents in maritime is the bill of lading (abbreviated to B/L). It is used primarily in international sales of goods where the carriage of goods is by sea. It must be presented at the port of final destination by the importer in order

37、 to claim goods. A B/L is nearly always prepared on a pre-printed form. Whatever its form, a B/L may contain some main elements, such as quantity of goods, accurate cargo description and condition, date of the bill of lading, names of shipper and consignee, party to be notified, name of vessel, port

38、s of loading and discharge, terms and conditions of carriage and payment of freight.,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,The functions of the maritime B/L can be classified into three categories: a receipt for the goods shipped evidence of the contract of carriage document of title for the goods,Text 2

39、Main Logistics Documents,【Para 3】Air Waybill（空运运单） An air waybill is a form of B/L used for the air transport of goods. It is an evidence of a transportation contract. The air waybill is approximately equivalent to the sea B/L, but it is not a document of title to goods or a negotiable document.,Tex

40、t 2 Main Logistics Documents,Each air waybill has three originals and at least 6 copies. The air waybill must be accurately completed, clear forwarding instruction must be given to the airline or agent. The air waybill is used as a receipt of the goods for dispatch and evidence of the contract of ca

41、rriage between the carrier and the consignor.,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,【Para 4】Packing List（装箱单） A packing list is a document prepared by the shipper at the time the goods are shipped, giving details of the invoice, buyer, consignee, country of origin, vessel or flight details, port or airpor

42、t of loading and discharge, place of delivery, shipping marks, container number, weight and cubic of goods, etc. Its prime purpose is to give an inventory of the shipped goods and is required by the customs clearance.,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,【Para 5】Commercial Invoice（商业发票） The commercial in

43、voice is a document offered by the seller to the buyer regarding the sold goods. The commercial invoice is issued by the exporter. It provides details of a transaction between the importer and the exporter. Its main function is a check for the importer against charges and delivery. Besides, it used

44、as determination of value of goods for the assessment of customs duties, preparation for consular documentation, insurance claims and packing purposes.,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,【Para 6】Insurance Policy（保险单） An insurance policy is a document confirming insurance of cargo and indicating the typ

45、e and amount of insurance coverage. This document is usually issued to the party buying the insurance.,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,【Para 7】Certificate of Origin（原产地证书） A certificate of origin is a document issued by a certifying authority such as a chamber of commerce in the exporters country st

46、ating the country of origin of the goods. It is usually required by countries to set the appropriate duties for the imports.,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,New Words and Phrases cargo n. 货物 invoice n. 发票 carriage n. 运输，运费 destination n. 目的地 element n. 要素，成份，元素 description n. 描述，形容 consignee n. 收货人，

47、收件人,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,category n. 种类，分类 approximately adv. 近似的，大约 equivalent adj. 相当于，相等于 negotiable adj. 可流通的，可转让的 dispatch n. 派遣，发送 consignor n. 委托者，发货人，交 付人 cubic n. 体积 transaction n. 处理，交易,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,assessment n. 评估，估价 insurance n. 保险，保险业 authority n. 权威，权力机关

48、appropriate adj. 适当的，恰当的 duty n. 义务，责任，关税 bill of lading(B/L) 提单 air waybill 空运运单 packing list 装箱单 insurance policy 保险单,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,certificate of origin 原产地 port of loading 装货港 port of destination 目的港 document of title 物权凭证 customs clearance 通关，清关 chamber of commerce 商会,Text 2 M

49、ain Logistics Documents,Notes 1Generally speaking, logistics documents contain two kinds of documents: cargo documents and transport documents. 通常来讲，物流单据包括两类单据：货物单据和运输单据。,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,2It must be presented at the port of final destination by the importer in order to claim goods. （

50、提单）是进口商为在目的地港领取货物时提交的单据。,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,3Whatever its form, a bill of lading may contain some main elements, such as quantity of goods, accurate cargo description and condition, date of the bill of lading, names of shipper and consignee, party to be notified, name of vessel, ports o

51、f loading and discharge, terms and conditions of carriage and payment of freight. 不论形式如何，提单可能包括一些主要的要素，例如：货物的数量、商品准确的名称和状况、提单的日期、托运人和收货人的名称，通知方、船名、装/卸货港、运输合同的条款和运费的支付方式。,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,4document of title for the goods 货物的物权凭证 5The air waybill is approximately equivalent to the sea B

52、/L, but it is not a document of title to goods or a negotiable document. 空运运单的内容与海运提单大概相似，但是空运运单不是物权凭证，也不能转让和流通。,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,6Each air waybill has three originals and at least 6 copies. 每份空运运单有三份正本以及至少六份副本。,Text 2 Main Logistics Documents,7Besides, it used as determination of val

53、ue of goods for the assessment of customs duties, preparation for consular documentation, insurance claims and packing purposes. 除此之外，商业发票还用作货物价值评估、关税估价、准备领事文件、保险索赔以及包装目的。,Dialogue 2 Change of Port of Destination,（Jane is talking to the customer, Wang Jian, who came into the office in a hurry.） Jane

54、：Hey, Mr. Wang, whats the matter? Why are you wet through? Wang：I have something urgent to ask you. But as it is raining so hard, I couldnt find any taxi. Jane：Then tell quickly so that you can go home and change into dry clothes.,Dialogue 2 Change of Port of Destination,Wang：I have just received a

55、fax from our customer in Germany, who wants us to change destination of our cargo. Jane：What cargo? Wang：The dresses to Toulouse. I remember the consignment consists of twenty TEU. Jane：Where do you wish the cargo to go now? Wang：Our customer now wishes to land it at Marseilles. Can you do it?,Dialo

56、gue 2 Change of Port of Destination,Jane：Let me see. (After checking his computer) The ship that carries your containers is still at Suez, waiting for the transit of the Suez Canal. It will not pass the canal in 48 hours. We can send a cable to the ship and the port of Marseilles and tell them. Wang

57、：Thank you very much. Jane：But I must have the three original Bills of Lading. Wang：Oh, they are now on their way to the consignee. Why do you want them?,Dialogue 2 Change of Port of Destination,Jane：We want to make sure that no third party will claim the cargo with any of the original B/L. Wang：Do

58、you accept Letter of Indemnity? Jane：As a rule. We have to make a commercial decision and take the risk ourselves of we do so. But considering you are our long time customer, we accept it. Wang：Thank you. I will go back to the company and ask the bank to provide you with a Letter of Indemnity.,Dialogue 2 Change of Port of Destination,Jane：Wait a moment. Who will pay for the ext