现在分词和动名词作定语及作表语的区别

1、现在分词和动名词 作定语及作表语的区别,一、怎样区别作表语的现在分词和动名词,动名词和现在分词构成形式一样(都是在动词词尾加ing),且均可在句中作表语.究竟是现在分词还是动名词在句中作表语呢?下面介绍几种辨别的方法.,二、用试加法区别作定语的现在分词和动名词,三、高频考题,一、怎样区别作表语的现在分词和动名词,(一)倒置法,(二)加入法,(三)提问法,(一)倒置法,将句中的主语和表语位置互换,谓语不动,若新组成的句子与原句意思相符,句中v+ing形式就是动名词.否则,就是现在分词.例如:,例1. His job is teaching English . 他的工作是教英语,互换位置后成为:,

2、Teaching English is his job. 教英语是他的工作.,注:互换位置后句子通顺,意思相符.故例中的teaching是动名词作表语.,例2. His job is interesting.他的工作有趣.,互换位置后成为:,Interesting is his job.,注:互换后句子意思不成立,与原句意思更不相符.故例句中的interesting应为现在分词.,(二)加入法,在表语前加上副词very,so或more,most等.句子通顺,意思明确者,为现在分词.否则,为动名词.如:,例1. My job is interesting.,My job is very inte

3、resting.,注:句子成立,故interesting为现在分词.,例2. My job is teaching English.,My job is very (so) teaching English.,注:句子不成立,故teaching是动名词作表语.,同理,我们还可以在表语后加个能作宾语的词,若句子成立应为动名词,否则,为现在分词.如:,例1. My job is teaching English.,My job is teaching you English.,注:句子成立,teaching为动名词.,例2. My job is interesting.,My job is int

4、eresting you.,注:加you后的句子不成立,故句中的interesting为现在分词.,(三)提问法,能用how对表语提问的是现在分词,反之是动名词;能用what对表语提问的是动名词,反之,为现在分词.如:,例1. My job is interesting.,How is your job?,注:用how提问,句意通顺,故表语是现在分词.,例2. My job is teaching English.,What is your job?,注:用what对表语提问,句意通顺,故表语是动名词.,二、用试加法区别作定语的现在分词和动名词,试加法是用for带入原含有v+ing形式的词组中

5、,意思通顺者 ,v+ing形式为动名词.例如:,a car for sleeping,a dancing hall,a hall for dancing,注:两句均通顺,合乎逻辑,所以sleeping和dancing均为动名词. 又如:,a sleeping boy,a boy for sleeping,boy 供睡觉,显然意思不通顺,因而sleeping在此处便是现在分词了.,a sleeping car,(car是供睡觉的),(hall是供跳舞的),这样的定语还可以用试加转换定语从句法加以验证.一般说来,能转换成合理的定语从句的,v+ing即为现在分词.如:,a sleeping car,

6、a boy who is sleeping,=,working people,=,=,people who are working,a burning stick,a stick which is burning,高频考题 1. Im too busy _ to my family. Why not call them instead? A. writing B. to write C. written D. write 2. The little boy woke up his father, _ “Happy Birthday!” A. call B. to call C. called

7、D. calling 3. The car _ in Germany in the 1960s looks old now. A. produced B. producing C. to produce D. which produced 4. What are on show in the museum? Some pictures _ by the Africans. A. drawing B. drawn C. drew D. were drawn 5. The sick man stayed in bed, _ very terrible. A. felt B. feeling C.

8、is feeling D. was feeling 6. The boy was seen _ his bike a moment ago. I am sorry to hear that. A. fell off B. to fall off C. fall off D. to fall down,B,B,B,D,A,B,7. Therere so many beautiful presents in the shop that I dont know _. A. to choose which one B. what choose C. which one to choose D. to

9、choose what 8. How bad! They still have no ideas how _ the problem. Lets go to help them. A. solving B. solved C. to solve D. solves 9. What is the best way do you think _ the wild animals? A. protecting B. to protecting C. protected D. to protect 10. Youd better have your sports jacket _. Its too d

10、irty. Thanks. I will. A. to wash B. washed C. washing D. wash 11. The little boy was made _ English for another hour. Poor boy! A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read,B,C,C,D,D,12. I think it kind _. A. of him to help me B. for him to help C. that he help me D. of him helping me 13. Its too hot toda

11、y. Why not _ your coat? A. take on B. to take off C. take off D. taking off 14. Boys, dont forget _ the windows before you leave the classroom. A. closing B. closed C. to closing D. to close 15. He made it _ for people _ the computers by inventing new software. A. easy, use B. easy, using C. easily,

12、 to use D. easier, to use 16. All of the plans are very good. I really dont know _. A. which to talk B. which to talk about C. to talk about which D. I asked you for help 17. Would you please _ any noise The baby has just fallen asleep. A. make B. to make C. not to make D. not make,D,D,A,C,B,D,18. Would you please try _ late again? Sorry, I wont be late again. A. not to be B. to be not C. not be D. be 19. The words _ with “L” arent easily forgott