英语语法并列结构

1、并列句与并列结构,1Here are some sentences. Can you tell me what kinds of sentences they are? ADo come and see us next week. BHe knows it is inconvenient, but he wants to go anyway. CHe has said a lot, still, I cant see his point. DWe have to open the switch right away or the fuse will be burnt off.,连词是一种虚词，

2、 它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。 如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, bothand, not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor, (and) then等等。,使用这些词要注意：所连接的两部分必须对等。也就是说并列连词之前是主语部分, 之后也要是主语部分, 之前是谓语部分, 之后也要是谓语部分。如： (1) The teacher c

3、ame in and the students. (2) Mother gave more pocket money to David than _ . A. Lena B. to Lena C. gave to Lena D. gave Lena the money,B,The teacher and the students came in.,请判断下列各句是否正确。如有错误改正过来。,AWe students not only get up early but also the teachers. BThese letters both are delivered and answere

4、d them very soon. CFather was very busy. He neither ate breakfast nor lunch.,正确答案,A Not only we students but also the teachers get up early . BThese letters are both delivered and answered very soon. CFather was very busy. He ate neither breakfast nor lunch.,1)and 与or,判断改错：(1) They sat down and talk

5、 about something.(2) They started to dance and sang.(3) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.(4) We will die without air and water.,正确答案：,They sat down and talked about something. They started to dance and sing. (3) I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there. (4) We will die without

6、 air or water.,2)both and两者都 She plays (both) the piano and the guitar. 3)not onlybut (also), as well as ( 不但而且） Compare: (1) Students should not only study well but also keep fit. (2) Students should keep fit as well as study well. Attention： not only but also 关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not 而必须倒装。 Not only d

7、oes he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.,4)neithernor 意思为既不也不“ 谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。Neither you nor he is to blame.,表示选择的并列结构,1) or意思为否则。I must work hard, or Ill fail in the exam. 2) eitheror意思为“或者或者”。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。 Either you or I am right.,表示转折或对比,1) but表示转折，while表示对比。 Some p

8、eople love cats, while others hate them.典型例题- Would you like to come to dinner tonight?- Id like to, _ Im too busy.A. and B. so C. as D. but2) notbut 意思为“不是而是” not 和but 后面的用词要遵循一致原则。 They were not the bones of an animal, but (the bones) of a human being.,D,表原因关系,1) for判断改错： (错) For he is ill, he is

9、absent today. (对) He is absent today, for he is ill. 2) so, therefore He hurt his leg, so he couldnt play in the game.,注意： a. 两个并列连词不能连用，但 therefore, then, yet.可以和并列连词连用。You can watch TV, and or you can go to bed. He hurt his leg, and so / and therefore he couldnt play in the game. b. although yet，但

10、although不与 but连用。判断：Although he was weak, but he tried his best to do the work. Although he was weak, yet he tried his best to do the work.,并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,Reading and writing are very important. 注意： 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The iron and steel industry is very im

11、portant to our life.,典型例题The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. isB. was C. are D. were,B,用并列连词填空： 1Tell me the truth, _ Im not going to leave the room. 2_ does she sing well , _ she dances well. 3Mary was a nice girl , _ she had one shortcoming. 4We have won great victories, _more serious struggles are still ahead of us. 5It took us a long time to get there, _ it was a long way to go.,or,Not only,but also,but,yet,So/therefore,6I have read one of his novels _ a few of his plays. 7I dont know him, _ do I know where he comes from. 8It rained，_ the