脑血肿CT诊断 英文.ppt

1、,Head Emergency- Extradural haematoma,-By Guan mujuan,郑州大学,words,blow blu n. 吹；打击；殴打 skull skul n. 头盖骨，脑壳 contrecoup kntr,ku n. 对侧外伤 contusion kntju()n n. 挫伤；撞伤；青肿 shearing injuries 剪切伤 rupture rpt n. 破裂；决裂；疝气 dura djr n. 硬脑膜 meningeal minindil adj. 脑膜的 Temporoparietal 颞顶部的,郑州大学,words,strip strip vt

2、. 剥夺；剥去；脱去衣服 biconvex baiknveksadj. 两面凸的 lucid lusid adj. 易懂的；头脑清楚的 ipsilateral ,ipsilt()r()ladj. 身体的同侧的 dilatation ,daileitei()n n. 扩张；详述；膨胀度 foramen freimen n. 孔 Munro foramen magnum解剖 枕骨大孔,郑州大学,Introduction,CT is a vital tool in the assessment of patients with serious head injury, and revolutioni

3、sed management when it was introduced.,郑州大学,Introduction,A blow to the skull results in compression injury to the adjacent brain (coup) and stretching on the opposite side (contrecoup). This may result in contusion, shearing injuries and rupture of intraaxial or extra-axial vessels, leading to haemo

4、rrhage.,郑州大学,Extradural haematoma-location,These arise between the inner table of the skull and the dura. They usually develop from injury to the middle meningeal artery or one of its branches, and therefore are usually temporoparietal in location. A temporal bone fracture is often the cause, but is

5、 not essential.,郑州大学,The expanding haematoma strips the dura from the skull; this attachment is quite strong such that the haematoma is confined, giving rise to its characteristic biconvex shape, with a well defined margin.,Extradural haematoma-characteristics,郑州大学,It may present as primary depresse

6、d consciousness or following a lucid interval. The bleeding is usually acute and so of high attenuation. There is often significant mass effect with compression of the ipsilateral lateral ventricle and dilatation of the opposite lateral ventricle due to obstruction of the foramen of Munro. The basal

7、 cisterns may be effaced.,Extradural haematoma-characteristics,郑州大学,This is the typical appearance and location of an acute extradural haematoma. Note the high density of the haematoma. Slight midline shift is present.,Examples,郑州大学,Examples,This example shows a more unusual, lower location. Note also the gas within the haematoma - this indicates a basal skull fracture or, as in this case, it is post surgical. Note also the dilated lateral ventricle on the opposi