樊苏老师托福听力做笔记方法.ppt

1、,OG P166 Psychology Behaviorism,2.Listen again,To give an example of a laryngeal habit To explain the meaning of a term To explain why he is discussing laryngeals habits To remind students of a point he had discussed previously,笔记,Topic: The relationship Details: 1, Throat e.g.Children 学生提问：Deaf peo

2、ple,2.Ideomotor 观念运动 e.g. Library Magic trick Conclusion: 学生提问：Yes+No,举例的表达方法,One of the bits of evidence that supports this is that: Ill give you one simple example: if you,Equivalent to相等的 Alternative 可选择的办法 Overt 明显的 Covert 隐蔽的,Electrode 电极 Laryngeal 喉部 Ideomotor 观念运动,听力笔记,1 8要，8不要 2 结构 3 笔记的符号 4

3、 数字,笔记8要，8 不要,不要 1 记下每个单词。 2 记下所有内容。 3 不加选择地记录。 4 像写作文一样记笔记。,笔记8不要,5 被动的听众。 6 漏听了信息就放弃。 7 只见树木不见森林 8 听完后忘了笔记。,笔记8要,1 记下关键词。 2 使用缩写和符号。 3 听的过程中要评价。决定哪些信息重要，不重要。 4 利用纸张空白出组织信息。,笔记8要,5 积极预测讲座内容和结构。 6 对漏听的信息要进行猜测。 7 听报告人的主要观点和总的结构框架。 8 讲座后尽快修改笔记。,宏观结构,Cause and effect 原因和结果 Compare and contrast 比较和对比 Th

4、eory and evidence（example) 例证 The steps and the sequences 步骤 （讲义：P48页）,列顺序, ； A; B ; C,做比较,= Equals =/= Does not equal Men Woman; Women Dollar ￥ RMB,2 数字,A 基数词 14 40 15 50 18 80,B 序数词,One First Two Second Three Third Five Fifth,C 分数,1/3 One third 2/3 Two thirds,D 算术,2+3=5 Two plus three is 5 5-3=2 F

5、ive minus three is 2 32=6 Three times two is 6 93=3 Nine divided by three makes 3,天文 OG P171,4 Listen again,行星,水星 Mercury 金星 Venus 地星 Earth 火星 Mars,木星 Jupiter 土星 Saturn 天王星 Uranus 海王星 Neptune 冥王星 Pluto,天文专业词汇,银河系 Galaxy 恒星 Star 行星 Planet,卫星 Satellite 小行星 Asteroid 彗星 Comet 陨石 Meteorite,星座,Aries 白羊 Ta

6、urus 金牛 Gemini 双子 Cancer 巨蟹 Leo 狮子 Virgo 处女 Libra 天秤 Scorpio 天蝎 Sagittarius 射手 Capricorn 摩羯 Aquarius 水瓶 Pisces 双鱼,例文：LONGMAN 427,Products phases for Kleenex A wartime product A substitute for facecloths A substitute for handkerchief,12 why are the students meeting?,They are reviewing class lecture n

7、otes. They are preparing for a presentation They are working on a paper They are preparing for an exam,13Listen again,he thinks the marketing of the products is not as important as the history He is afraid the other students do not know what course they are taking He is concerned that the presentati

8、on does not have the correct focus He would like to remind the others that they are taking two different coursed,14,15 what was the situation at Kleenex at the end of World War 1双选,It had a surplus of its products It needed to develop a new products It no longer needed to market its product. It need

9、ed to begin marketing its product,16 How did Kimberly Clark learn that its products had a use as a handkerchief,From customer letters From research scientists From marketing experts From famous actresses,17,该篇思路（ Kleenex),纵向介绍: 3 个阶段: 解释每一个阶段的 marketing 特征,笔记,Topic : Kleenex 三个阶段的产品: A wartime produ

10、ct A Substitute for facecloths A Substitute for handkerchiefs Details：,1.Bandage (gas mask),A. World War One B. Cotton was in short supply C. no need to market D. because very high demand,2. Face Cloth,A. after the World War One B. had a surplus C. had to market D. 1920 glamorous,3. Handkerchief,A.

11、There was another use B. more useful-handkerchief C. in 1930-conduct consumer testing 总结,Surplus 剩余, 过剩 Glamorous 有魅力的 Celebrity 名人,“美丽”英文表达,Attractive; Charming Handsome; Glamorous Good-looking; Beautiful Pretty; Elegant; Graceful Unique,三段论笔记模板,长对话 (Long Conversation) 1, 找到问题( Problem) 2, 分析问题 3,

12、解决问题 (Solution),Lecture,Topic : 主旨 2. 分项讨论: A) 横向对比: A ，B, C不同元素比较。例如：A 湖泊 VS B 湖泊 VS C 湖泊 B) 纵向比较:A 阶段 + B 阶段+ C 阶段,lecture 第二部分有,Detail 1: e.g. e.g. Detail 2: e.g. e.g. ,3 Lecture结尾:,A) 总结主题特征 B) 下一节要讲什么 C) 留作业,笔记练习 Long conversation,1. Why does the student go to see this office worker?,To ask for

13、 a letter of reference To turn in an application for a scholarship To ask for an application for university admission To find out how to apply for a particular program,2. Does the office worker emphasize each of these?,3. Why does the student ask about the question on high school ranking?,It is an e

14、xample of a question he finds difficult to answer. It seems like a question that would take too much time to answer. He thinks that his high school ranking might be too low. He thinks the question should be answered by someone else.,4. What does the advisor say about the essays?,The student needs to

15、 answer the two essay questions on page four. The student needs to answer two of the four essay questions on page seven. The student need to answer the all four essay questions on page seven. The student needs to answer the four essay questions on page two.,5. What does the advisor say about the let

16、ters of reference?双选,The student needs two of them. The student needs three of them. Two must be written by professors. Only one can be written by a professor.,申请场景,Scholarship 奖学金 Pertain to me 适合我 Fellowship 研究奖学金 Assistantship 助研金,Graduation Commencement 毕业典礼 Diploma 毕业文凭 Admission 录取 Admissions

17、office 招生办公室,申请场景,1.GPA 2.Personal Statement 3.Letter of recommendation,申请场景,4. Toefl 和GRE 成绩 5. Papers(background introduction; awards; ranking; contact with Professor),Lecture 演示 2,Chemistry Carbon,6.What is unusual about carbon?,The number of compounds it forms. The size of the compounds it forms

18、. The simplicity of all the compounds it forms. The hardness of all the compounds it forms.,7. What is the structure of each sentence?,8. Which two molecules do NOT contain only carbon atoms?,A graphite molecule An octane molecule A soap molecule A diamond molecule,9. What is NOT true about the uses

19、 of molecules containing carbon?,One carbon compound can be used to make soap. Graphite can be used in pencils. Octane is the only one type of gasoline molecule. Diamond can be used to cut other substances.,10. Why does the man say this:,To demonstrate to the woman that what he said was wrong To exp

20、lain to the others in the group that he needs to leave To let the others know that he had a good reason for what he said To indicate that he had previously said something incorrect,11. What overcall conclusion can be drawn from the discussion?,Carbon atoms can be part of many extremely different mol

21、ecules. Carbon can form molecules only with other carbon atoms. Carbon must have other substances with it to form molecules. Carbon atoms attach easily to all other kinds of atoms.,专业词汇,Carbon 碳 Compound 化合物 Graphite 石墨 Gasoline 汽油 Octane 辛烷 Diamond 钻石,专业词汇,Molecule 分子 Atom 原子 Particle 粒子 Proton 质子,

22、专业词汇,Neutron 中子 Electron 电子 Photon 光子 Ion 离子,Lecture 练习3,Zoology Animal Hearing,6. How is the information in the lecture organized?,Various types of auricles are outlined. Smaller to larger animals are described. Various types of hearing organs are evaluated for their effectiveness. Examples of vari

23、ous hearing mechanisms are provided.,7. What type of hearing organ does each animal have?,8. What do the disks on frogs do?,They vibrate when struck by sound waves. They lead to the inner ear. They reflect sound waves off objects. They allow heat to escape the body.,9. What is true about mammals?,They have membranes on their auditory canals. T