小升初 There be 句型专题

1、专题七 there be 句型,1. 构成,there be 句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物” 结构：there be (is, are, was, were)+名词+地点状语. there is/was + n.(单) / 不可数n. there are/were +n.(复),e.g. there are fifty-two students in our class. (一般现在时) there is a pencil in my pencil-case. there is some water in that bottle yesterday. there was an ol

2、d house near the river five years ago. (一般过去时) there were many big trees in front of our house last year.,“就近原则” 如果句子中有两个或两个以上的名词作主语，be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在数上保持一致。 e.g. there is an orange and some bananas in the basket. there are some bananas and an orange in the basket.,2. 相关句式,1. 否定句 结构1: there be (is, a

3、re, was, were) + not + 名词+ 地点状语 there are five apples on the desk. there arent (are not) five apples on the desk.,结构2: there be (is, are, was, were) + no + n. + 地点状语 there is an orange in my schoolbag. there is no orange in my schoolbag,注意： (1) there be + no + n.(可数名词单 数) = there be + not + a/an + n

4、. (可数名词单数) there is an apple in his bag. there is no apple in his bag. = there isnt an apple in his bag.,(2) there be (are, were) + no + n.(可 数名词复数) = there be (are, were) + not any + n. (可数名词复数) there are some oranges in that box. there are no oranges in that box. = there arent any oranges in that

5、box.,(3) there be + no + n.(不可数名词) = there be + not any + n.(不可数名词) e.g. there is some juice in the bottle. there is no juice in the bottle.= there isnt any juice in the bottle.,2. 一般疑问句 there be + n. + 地点状语. (is, are, was, were) there + n.+ 地? there is a bird in the tree. is there a bird in the tre

6、e? there were five books on the desk yesterday. were there five books on the desk yesterday?,肯定回答： yes, there is / was / are /were. 否定回答： no, there isnt / wasnt arent / werent - is there a black pen in your pencilcase? -yes, _. / no, _.,some 和 any 在there be结构中: there is some money in her handbag. is

7、 there any money in her handbag? there isnt any money in her handbag. ( some 用于肯定句中，可修饰可数名词复数以及不可数名词；any 用于疑问句和否定句中),3. 特殊疑问句 (1) 对主语提问 whats + 介词短语? (主语是物时) whos + 介词短语? (主语是人时) there is a little girl in the room. who is in the room? (there省略) there is a red apple on the tree.,there are some bikes

8、near our playground. whats near our playground? 注意: 无论原句的主语是单数还是复 数，对其提问时一般都用be的 单数形式 (is/was)。 there were many books in my bag yesterday.,(2) 对地点状语提问 where is / was + 主语? (可数n.单数或不可数n.) where are / were + 主语? (可数n. 复数) there are two apples on the table. -where are the two apples? -they are on the t

9、able.,there is a little girl in the room. -where is the little girl? -she is in the room. there were three computers in the teachers office yesterday. -where were the three computers yesterday? -they were in the teachers office.,(3) 对数量的提问 1. how many + 可数n.复数 + are / were there + 介词短语? e.g. there i

10、s one cat in the box. how many cats are there in the box? there are twelve months in a year. how many months are there in a year?,2. how much + 不可数n. + is / was there + 介词状语? there is some money in my wallet. how much money is there in your wallet? there was a little water in the glass five hours ag

11、o. how much water was there in the glass five hours ago?,3. there be结构 vs. have (实义动词) there be句型表示 某地存在有某物(人) 而have/has/had表示某人拥有某物。两 者不能同时使用。 e.g. there are three books on the desk. i have three books. = ( three books are mine.),exercise,1、用恰当的be动词填空。 1) there_ four seasons in a year. 2) there_ no

12、t any trees two years ago. 3) there_a shopping centre near our school last year. but now there_ no one.,4) in new york, there_ a lot of rain in spring. 5) -_there a post office near your school? -yes, there_. 6) -how many bus stops _ there? -there_only one. 7) there_not any stamps on the envelope.,2

13、. 单项选择 1. there are many _ in the libary. a. animals b. food c. books 2. look! there _ a knif and three pens on my desk. a. are b. is c. arent,3. -heres some water for you. -_. sorry b. thank you c. all right 4. -_ are the students? - in the classroom. a. where b. when c. who,5. here _ her family ph

14、oto. a. is b. are c. am d. be 6. there _ some tea in the cup. a. has b. have c. is d. are 7. -_ are the grapes? -they are two dollars a kilo. a. how many b. how much c. how cheap d. how dear,8. there _ some orange juice in the cup. a. are b. is c. have 9. there _ a few tall buildings near my home. a

15、. is b. am c. are,10.-is there any bread on the plate? -no, _. a. it is b. there isnt c. it does 11. that is _ american national flag. there _ fifty stars on it. a. a, is b. an, are c. an, is,12. -are there _ eggs in the fridge? -yes, there are _. a. some; any b. any; some c. some; some d. any; any 13. -_ is in the house? -there is an old woman in the house. a. what b.