中考英语语法-被动语态专题复习课件.ppt

1、写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 do go see give choose draw eat take speak write show,did,done,went,gone,saw,seen,gave given,chose chosen,drew drawn,ate eaten,took taken,spoke spoken,wrote written,showed shown,被动语态,中考英语专项复习,复习目标,1.掌握如何将主动语态变成 被动语态 2.掌握被动语态各个时态的 用法,什么时候要用被动语态呢？,在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态： 不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。 没有必

2、要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。 需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态,主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：,We clean our classroom every day.主动语态,Our classroom,is cleaned,主语,谓语,宾语,by us,every day.,结构：主动语态：主语谓语宾语,被动语态：,主语,be +过去分词,by+宾语,即: “主变宾，宾变主，谓语动词变被动。” (注:主变宾即主语变为介词by宾语),被动语态,主语,谓语,宾语,【考点一】各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes are m

3、ade (by them) in that factory. 1.一般现在时的被动语态：,变为被动语态一,S(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,步骤一：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态） They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done

4、by Lucy in the evening.,Computers are often used by them in class.,These machines are made by us in Beijing.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓(动介),宾语,The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday .,变为被动语态二,主动语态：,被动语态：,2.一般过去式的被动语态：,S+was/were+过去分词,步骤二：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态） 1）They bu

5、ilt the tall building last year. 2)He took good care of his little brother yesterday. 3)We cleaned our classroom just now. 4)They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us jus

6、t now.,This room was used for resting by them.,注：动词短语作谓语，变被动语态时，不能省掉短语中的介词或副词,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾(承受者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,变为被动语态三,3.一般将来时被动语态：,S+will+be+过去分词 S+be going to+be+过去分词,We will hold a sports meeting next week. Children will take some photos in th

7、e schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster is going to give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be held by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk is going to be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,步骤三：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）,We have made twenty more

8、keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us.,变为被动语态四,11. 现在完成时的被动语态： S+ have/has + been+过去分词,1. The boy has returned the book in time,步骤三：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）,2.Workers have built the house since two years ago,3.We have received many letters since last week.,The book has been returned by the boy in

9、time.,The house has been built by workers since two years ago,Many letters have been received by us since last week.,Tony can take good care of Daming,Daming can be taken good care of byTony.,9.情态动词的被动语态： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,变为被动语态五,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pi

10、ctures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English should be learned well by them.,步骤三：Exercises（针对练习，变被动语态）,一般现在时: 一般过去时: 一般将来时: 现在完成时: 含有情态动词:,下列时态的被动语态结构:,S

11、(主语）+am/is /are +过去分词,S+was/were+过去分词,S+will+be+过去分词 S+be going to+be+过去分词,S+ have/has + been+过去分词,S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,1. The old man is ill. He must _to the hospital. Call 120 at once. (send ) 2. The book _by Lu Xun in 1920. ( write) 3. All the machines _out yesterday. (sell) 4. The ho

12、spital _next year. (build) 5. This kind of book cant _out of the library. (take) 6. He _to play computer games last night. (allow) 7. The boy _often_ not to go to the net bar. (tell) 8. He _ to the party last Sunday, but he didnt go there. (ask),be sent,was written,were sold,will be built,be taken,w

13、as allowed,is told,was asked,你会填空吗？,中考挑战,历届中考试题小试身手,1 What a nice garden! -It _ every day. A is cleaning B has cleaned C must clean D is cleaned 2The computers _ to the village school as presents last month. A are given B given C were given D gave 3 It is reported that the Underground Line No. 3 _ i

14、n Nanjing in 2016 . A will build B has built C will be built D has been built,4 .The letter is _ in French. I cant read it. A writing B written C wrote D writes 5.When _this kind of computer_? -Last year. A did, use B was, used C is, used D are, used,6.Thousands of trees over the mountains _ by the

15、farmers last year. A planted B was planted C were planted D will plant,7.The medicine_ in a dry and cool place A keep B must keep C must be kept D must be keep 8.This dictionary mustnt_ from the library A take away B taken away C are taken away D be taken away 9.No one knows how the huge rocks_ and

16、_ without our modern machines eight hundred years ago A are cut；moved B were cut；move C are cut；moving D were cut；moved,10. Look at the sign on the right. Oh, parking _here. A doesnt allow B isnt allowed C didnt allow D wasnt allowed 11. Did you go to Sams weekend party? No, I _. A am not invited B

17、wasnt invited C havent invited D didnt invited 12. The telephone_by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. A was invented B has been invented C is invented D will be invented 13. Last year, Li Hua ,a college student, _ to work for the Olympic Games. A is choosing B is chosen C was choosing D was chosen,14.W

18、hen you leave the room, make sure the door _. A was locked B is locked C will be locked D should be locked 15.I want to be a Chinese teacher when I grow up. Thats great. Chinese teachers _ in China and some foreign countries. A need B are needing C are needed D will need,16. English _ in many countr

19、ies, but Chinese_ their own language. A is spoken, speaks B speaks, is spoken C is spoken, is spoken D is spoken, speak 17.The skirt looks different from others and it is nice. Thanks. It _ by my mother last month. A made B is made C has been made D was made 18.The children _ to swim last month and

20、they can swim very well now. A are taught B were taught C have taught D taught,19.What should we do first if we want to develop our village? -A lot of new roads _, I think. A have to build B must build C have built D must be built 20.James is my friend. He _Jim for short. A calls B is called C calle

21、d D is calling 21.Twenty students in this University _ to Australia to study last year, and more students are expecting to have the chance next year. A are sent B were sent C will send D. send,考点二主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况: 一、 使役动词和感官动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有：hear, see, watch, make, help, let等。 1) I heard him sing last night. He was heard to sing last night. 2) We saw him walk into the building. He was seen to walk into the building. 3) The boss made them work 10 hours a day. They were made to work 10 hours a day.,make sb. do see sb. do hear sb. do let sb. do watch sb. do,be mad